A "christian solution of the labor situation": How workingwomen reshaped the YWCA's religious mission and politics

Journal of Women's History

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2007, Pages

  Browder, Dorothea ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 43249145485     PISSN: 10427961     EISSN: 15272036     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/jowh.2007.0033     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. "Mrs. Shepard Quits the Board of the Y.W.C.A.: Disapproves of Progressive Platform of the National Convention at Cleveland," New York Times, 18 April 1920;
2. Thomas Winter, Making Men, Making Class: The YMCA and Workingmen, 1877-1920 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002).
3. Proceedings of the Sixth National Convention of the Young Women's Christian Associations of the United States of America, Cleveland, Ohio, April 12-20, 1920 (New York: National Board, Young Women's Christian Associations, 1920), 112.
4. "A Brief History of the YWCA and Its Work With Employed Women," YWCA Community Division, 7 June 1951, YWCA, SSC;
5. Elsie D. Harper, Fifty Years of Social Action in the YWCA (New York: National Board of the Young Women's Christian Association of the U.S.A., 1963).
6. Sara Evans, ed., Journeys That Opened Up the World: Women, Student Christian Movements, and Social Justice, 1955-1975 (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2003);
7. Elizabeth Hayes Turner, Women, Culture, and Community: Religion and Reform in Galveston, 1880-1920 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997);
8. Susan Lynn, Progressive Women in Conservative Times: Racial Justice, Peace, and Feminism, 1945 to the 1960s (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992);
9. Jacqueline Dowd Hall, Revolt Against Chivalry: Jessie Daniel Ames and the Women's Campaign Against Lynching (New York: Columbia University Press, 1974).
10. Ferenc Morton Szasz, The Divided Mind of Protestant America, 1880-1930 (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1982);
11. George M. Marsden, Fundamentalism and American Culture, 2nd ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), especially 141-70.
12. Herbert Gutman, "Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: The Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age," American Historical Review 72, no. 1 (1966) : 74-101.
13. A rare exception is Ken Fones-Wolf, Trade Union Gospel: Christianity and Labor in Industrial Philadelphia, 1865-1915 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1989).
14. Also, see William Sutton, "Tied to the Whipping Post: New Labor History and Evangelical Artisans in the Early Republic," Labor History 36, no. 2 (1995): 251-80.
15. Szasz, The Divided Mind, xi.
16. Sydney E. Ahlstrom, A Religious History of the American People (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1972), 783.
17. Proceedings, Sixth National Convention, 45.
18. Grace H. Wilson, The Religious and Educational Philosophy of the Young Women's Christian Association (New York: Columbia Teachers College, 1933), 16;
19. Richard Roberts, Florence Simms: A Biography (New York: The Womans Press, 1926), 281.
20. Roberts, Florence Simms, 150-59.
21. Grace L. Coyle, "A Historical Outline of the Work of the Industrial Department," November 1923, p. 2, unpublished typescript, YWCA, SSC.
22. The Association Monthly, June 1908, 239;
23. Wilson, The Religious and Educational Philosophy, 29.
24. Fox, The Industrial Awakening, 8-12;
25. Donald K. Gorrell, The Age of Social Responsibility: The Social Gospel in the Progressive Era, 1900-1920 (Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 1988).
26. Harper, Fifty Years of Social Action in the YWCA, 5, 13.
27. Sophonisba P. Breckenndge, Women in the Twentieth Century: A Study of Their Political, Social and Economic Activities (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1933), 166;
28. Alice Kessler-Harris, Out to Work: A History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States (New York: Oxford University Press, 1982), 152-59;
29. Barbara Mayer Wertheimer, We Were There: The Story of Working Women in America (New York: Pantheon Books, 1977), 272-90.
30. "The 1917 Conferences," Association Monthly, April 1917, 144.
31. Frederickson, "Citizens for Democracy," 84.
32. Jane Olcott, The Work of Colored Women (New York: Colored Work Committee, War Work Council, National Board, Young Women's Christian Associations, 1919).
33. Sims, The Natural History of a Social Institution, 65-66.
34. See Philip S. Foner, Women and the American Labor Movement (New York: Free Press, 1980), 130.
35. Marion O. Robinson, Eight Women of the Y.W.C.A. (New York: National Board, Young Women's Christian Association, 1966), 113-14.
36. Abby A. Rockefeller, "The Young Women's Christian Association and Legislation," The Association Monthly, March 1920, 121;
37. and Mary Shipman Penrose, "When Shall Convention Convene?" The Association Monthly, March 1920, 127-28.
38. Robmson, Eight Women, 114.