메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 168-177

Role of levosimendan in sepsis and septic shock

Author keywords

Global oxygen transport; Levosimendan; Myocardial dysfunction; Pulmonary circulation; Right ventricle; Sepsis; Septic shock

Indexed keywords

AMRINONE; CALCIUM; DOBUTAMINE; LEVOSIMENDAN; MILRINONE; N [4 (1,4,5,6 TETRAHYDRO 4 METHYL 6 OXO 3 PYRIDAZINYL)PHENYL]ACETAMIDE; PLACEBO; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; VASOPRESSIN; HYDRAZONE DERIVATIVE; PYRIDAZINE DERIVATIVE; SIMENDAN;

EID: 43249121194     PISSN: 09527907     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e3282f43c56     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (40)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 0037451929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000
    • Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, et al. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:1546-1554.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1546-1554
    • Martin, G.S.1    Mannino, D.M.2    Eaton, S.3
  • 2
    • 33749027114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of severe sepsis in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, 1996 to 2004: Secondary analysis of a high quality clinical database, the ICNARC case mix programme database
    • Harrison DA, Welch CA, Eddleston JM. The epidemiology of severe sepsis in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, 1996 to 2004: secondary analysis of a high quality clinical database, the ICNARC case mix programme database. Crit Care 2006; 10:R42.
    • (2006) Crit Care , vol.10
    • Harrison, D.A.1    Welch, C.A.2    Eddleston, J.M.3
  • 3
    • 34247338128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: A trend analysis from 1993 to 2003
    • Dombrovskiy VY, Martin AA, Sunderram J, Paz HL Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: a trend analysis from 1993 to 2003. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:1244-1250.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 1244-1250
    • Dombrovskiy, V.Y.1    Martin, A.A.2    Sunderram, J.3    Paz, H.L.4
  • 4
    • 35948948662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis: Definition, epidemiology, and diagnosis
    • Lever A, Mackenzie I. Sepsis: definition, epidemiology, and diagnosis. Br Med J 2007; 335:879-883.
    • (2007) Br Med J , vol.335 , pp. 879-883
    • Lever, A.1    Mackenzie, I.2
  • 6
    • 33750047495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of sepsis
    • Russell JA. Management of sepsis. N Engl J Med 2006; 355:1699-1713.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1699-1713
    • Russell, J.A.1
  • 7
    • 33646896099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Septic shock: A heart story since the 1960s
    • Rabuel C, Mebazaa A. Septic shock: a heart story since the 1960s. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32:799-807.
    • (2006) Intensive Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 799-807
    • Rabuel, C.1    Mebazaa, A.2
  • 8
    • 67649136693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • This review article summarizes current knowledge about sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction
    • This review article summarizes current knowledge about sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction.
  • 9
    • 34249326963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction
    • Rudiger A, Singer M. Mechanisms of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:1599-1608.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 1599-1608
    • Rudiger, A.1    Singer, M.2
  • 10
    • 67649166192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • This review article summarizes current knowledge about sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction, with a particular focus on cellular pathophysiology and clinical studies
    • This review article summarizes current knowledge about sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction, with a particular focus on cellular pathophysiology and clinical studies.
  • 11
    • 11444264099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating myocardial depression in sepsis
    • Levy RJ, Clifford SD. Evaluating myocardial depression in sepsis. Shock 2004; 22:1-10.
    • (2004) Shock , vol.22 , pp. 1-10
    • Levy, R.J.1    Clifford, S.D.2
  • 13
    • 0037142946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure (the LIDO study): A randomised double-blind trial
    • Follath F, Cleland JG, Just H, et al. Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure (the LIDO study): a randomised double-blind trial. Lancet 2002; 360:196-202.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 196-202
    • Follath, F.1    Cleland, J.G.2    Just, H.3
  • 14
    • 25144450441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trials with levosimendan
    • Mebazaa A, Barraud D, Welschbillig S. Randomized clinical trials with levosimendan. Am J Cardiol 2005; 96 (suppl): 74G-79G.
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Mebazaa, A.1    Barraud, D.2    Welschbillig, S.3
  • 15
    • 34247857479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan vs Dobutamine for Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (The SURVIVE Randomized Trial)
    • Mebazaa A, Nieminen MS, Packer M, et al. Levosimendan vs Dobutamine for Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (The SURVIVE Randomized Trial). JAMA 2007; 297:1883-1891.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 1883-1891
    • Mebazaa, A.1    Nieminen, M.S.2    Packer, M.3
  • 16
    • 20044379730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive summary of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure: The task force on acute heart failure of the European society of cardiology
    • Nieminen MS, Bohm M, Cowie MR, et al. Executive summary of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure: the task force on acute heart failure of the European society of cardiology. Eur Heart J 2005; 26:384-416.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 384-416
    • Nieminen, M.S.1    Bohm, M.2    Cowie, M.R.3
  • 17
    • 34250320813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Algorithm for therapeutic management of acute heart failure syndromes
    • Chatti R, Fradj NB, Trabelsi W, et al. Algorithm for therapeutic management of acute heart failure syndromes. Heart Fail Rev 2007; 12:113-117.
    • (2007) Heart Fail Rev , vol.12 , pp. 113-117
    • Chatti, R.1    Fradj, N.B.2    Trabelsi, W.3
  • 18
    • 67649152094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article with an interesting proposal for an algorithm that may be applied in the management of AHFS
    • Review article with an interesting proposal for an algorithm that may be applied in the management of AHFS.
  • 20
    • 0036764821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of a novel calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, in patients with left ventricular failure due to an acute myocardial infarction: A randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind study (RUSSLAN)
    • Moiseyev VS, Poder P, Andrejevs N, et al. Safety and efficacy of a novel calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, in patients with left ventricular failure due to an acute myocardial infarction: a randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind study (RUSSLAN). Eur Heart J 2002; 23:1422-1432.
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.23 , pp. 1422-1432
    • Moiseyev, V.S.1    Poder, P.2    Andrejevs, N.3
  • 22
    • 25144451694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of New Agents for Acute Heart Failure Syndromes
    • Gheorghiade M, Teerlink JR, Mebazaa A. Pharmacology of New Agents for Acute Heart Failure Syndromes. Am J Cardiol 2005; 96 (suppl): 68G-73G.
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Gheorghiade, M.1    Teerlink, J.R.2    Mebazaa, A.3
  • 23
    • 0038804157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetics of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Jonsson EN, Antila S, McFadyen L, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2003; 55:544-551.
    • (2003) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.55 , pp. 544-551
    • Jonsson, E.N.1    Antila, S.2    McFadyen, L.3
  • 24
    • 1942455382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of levosimendan and its circulating metabolites in patients with heart failure after an extended continuous infusion of levosimendan
    • Antila S, Kivikko M, Lehtonen L, et al. Pharmacokinetics of levosimendan and its circulating metabolites in patients with heart failure after an extended continuous infusion of levosimendan. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 57:412-415.
    • (2004) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.57 , pp. 412-415
    • Antila, S.1    Kivikko, M.2    Lehtonen, L.3
  • 25
    • 67649143610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan reduces mortality when compared with dobutamine in patients receiving beta blockers: The SURVIVE study
    • Mebazaa A, Cohen-Solal A, Kleber FX, et al. Levosimendan reduces mortality when compared with dobutamine in patients receiving beta blockers: The SURVIVE study. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33 (suppl 2): S92.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Mebazaa, A.1    Cohen-Solal, A.2    Kleber, F.X.3
  • 26
    • 33846603719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of levosimendan in intensive care treatment of myocardial insufficiency
    • Rehberg S, Ertmer C, Van Aken H, et al. Role of levosimendan in intensive care treatment of myocardial insufficiency. Anaesthesist 2007; 56: 30-43.
    • (2007) Anaesthesist , vol.56 , pp. 30-43
    • Rehberg, S.1    Ertmer, C.2    Van Aken, H.3
  • 27
    • 0029098682 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponin C as a target protein for a novel calcium sensitizing drug, levosimendan
    • Haikala H, Kaivola J, Nissinen E, et al. Cardiac troponin C as a target protein for a novel calcium sensitizing drug, levosimendan. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1995; 27:1859-1866.
    • (1995) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 1859-1866
    • Haikala, H.1    Kaivola, J.2    Nissinen, E.3
  • 28
    • 9444292903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contractile apparatus as a target for drugs against heart failure: Interaction of levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer, with cardiac troponin c
    • Sorsa T, Pollesello P, Solaro RJ. The contractile apparatus as a target for drugs against heart failure: Interaction of levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer, with cardiac troponin c. Mol Cell Biochem 2004; 266:87-107.
    • (2004) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.266 , pp. 87-107
    • Sorsa, T.1    Pollesello, P.2    Solaro, R.J.3
  • 29
    • 0033231677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actin-myosin interaction
    • Sugiura S. Actin-myosin interaction. Cardiovasc Res 1999; 44:266-273.
    • (1999) Cardiovasc Res , vol.44 , pp. 266-273
    • Sugiura, S.1
  • 30
    • 0028922806 scopus 로고
    • Troponin C-mediated calcium sensitization induced by levosimendan does not impair relaxation
    • Haikala H, Nissinen E, Etemadzadeh E, et al. Troponin C-mediated calcium sensitization induced by levosimendan does not impair relaxation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1995; 25:794-801.
    • (1995) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 794-801
    • Haikala, H.1    Nissinen, E.2    Etemadzadeh, E.3
  • 31
    • 33645498542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan, a New Inotropic and Vasodilator Agent
    • Toller WG, Stranz C. Levosimendan, a New Inotropic and Vasodilator Agent. Anesthesiology 2006; 104:556-569.
    • (2006) Anesthesiology , vol.104 , pp. 556-569
    • Toller, W.G.1    Stranz, C.2
  • 32
    • 0032104314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on myocardial contractility and Ca2+ transients in aequorin-loaded right-ventricular papillary muscles and indo-1-loaded single ventricular cardiomyocytes of the rabbit
    • Sato S, Talukder MAH, Sugawara H, et al. Effects of levosimendan on myocardial contractility and Ca2+ transients in aequorin-loaded right-ventricular papillary muscles and indo-1-loaded single ventricular cardiomyocytes of the rabbit. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1998; 30:1115-1128.
    • (1998) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.30 , pp. 1115-1128
    • Sato, S.1    Talukder, M.A.H.2    Sugawara, H.3
  • 33
    • 12944316443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of OR-1896, an active metabolite of levosimendan, on contractile force and aequorin light transients in intact rabbit ventricular myocardium
    • Takahashi R, Talukder MAH, Endoh M. Effects of OR-1896, an active metabolite of levosimendan, on contractile force and aequorin light transients in intact rabbit ventricular myocardium. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000; 36:118-125.
    • (2000) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.36 , pp. 118-125
    • Takahashi, R.1    Talukder, M.A.H.2    Endoh, M.3
  • 34
    • 0036033594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ transients under acidotic condition in aequorinloaded canine ventricular myocardium
    • 2+ transients under acidotic condition in aequorinloaded canine ventricular myocardium. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 2002; 366:440-448.
    • (2002) Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol , vol.366 , pp. 440-448
    • Takahashi, R.1    Endoh, M.2
  • 35
    • 12344274364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contractile action of levosimendan and epinephrine during acidosis
    • Toller W, Wolkart G, Stranz C, et al. Contractile action of levosimendan and epinephrine during acidosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 507:199-209.
    • (2005) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.507 , pp. 199-209
    • Toller, W.1    Wolkart, G.2    Stranz, C.3
  • 36
    • 0030771922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Novel Calcium Sensitizer Levosimendan Activates the ATP-Sensitive K1 Channel in Rat Ventricular Cells
    • Yokoshiki H, Yasuhiro K, Masanori S, Sperelakis N. The Novel Calcium Sensitizer Levosimendan Activates the ATP-Sensitive K1 Channel in Rat Ventricular Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 283:375-383.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.283 , pp. 375-383
    • Yokoshiki, H.1    Yasuhiro, K.2    Masanori, S.3    Sperelakis, N.4
  • 38
    • 3843094875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potassium-specific effects of levosimendan on heart mitochondria
    • Kopustinskiene DM, Pollesello P, Saris NE. Potassium-specific effects of levosimendan on heart mitochondria. Biochem Pharmacol 2004; 68:807-812.
    • (2004) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.68 , pp. 807-812
    • Kopustinskiene, D.M.1    Pollesello, P.2    Saris, N.E.3
  • 40
    • 0042360198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Katp channels and myocardial preconditioning: An update
    • Gross GJ, Peart JN. Katp channels and myocardial preconditioning: an update. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2003; 285:921-930.
    • (2003) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.285 , pp. 921-930
    • Gross, G.J.1    Peart, J.N.2
  • 42
    • 67649148985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article summarizing the evidence on the vasodilatory effects of levosimendan
    • Review article summarizing the evidence on the vasodilatory effects of levosimendan.
  • 43
    • 33745032761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of potassium channels in relaxant effect of levosimendan in rat small mesenteric arteries
    • Ozdem SS, Yalcin O, Meiselman HJ, et al. The role of potassium channels in relaxant effect of levosimendan in rat small mesenteric arteries. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2006; 20:123-127.
    • (2006) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.20 , pp. 123-127
    • Ozdem, S.S.1    Yalcin, O.2    Meiselman, H.J.3
  • 44
    • 0141621300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional role of potassium channels in the vasodilating mechanism of levosimendan in porcine isolated coronary artery
    • Pataricza J, Krassói I, Höhn J, et al. Functional role of potassium channels in the vasodilating mechanism of levosimendan in porcine isolated coronary artery. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2003; 17:115-121.
    • (2003) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.17 , pp. 115-121
    • Pataricza, J.1    Krassói, I.2    Höhn, J.3
  • 45
    • 0036258593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of responses to levosimendan in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat
    • De Witt BJ, Ibrahim IN, Bayer E, et al. An analysis of responses to levosimendan in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat. Anesth Analg 2002; 94:1427-1433.
    • (2002) Anesth Analg , vol.94 , pp. 1427-1433
    • De Witt, B.J.1    Ibrahim, I.N.2    Bayer, E.3
  • 46
    • 0343049171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the vasorelaxing effect of cromakalim and the new inodilator, levosimendan, in human isolated portal vein
    • Pataricza J, Hohn J, Petri A, et al. Comparison of the vasorelaxing effect of cromakalim and the new inodilator, levosimendan, in human isolated portal vein. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:213-217.
    • (2000) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 213-217
    • Pataricza, J.1    Hohn, J.2    Petri, A.3
  • 47
    • 16744366479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan interacts with potassium channel blockers in human saphenous veins
    • Hohn J, Pataricza J, Petri A, et al. Levosimendan interacts with potassium channel blockers in human saphenous veins. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2004; 94:271-273.
    • (2004) Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.94 , pp. 271-273
    • Hohn, J.1    Pataricza, J.2    Petri, A.3
  • 49
    • 0034669441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of continuous infusion of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Nieminen MS, Akkila J, Hasenfuss G, et al. Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of continuous infusion of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36:1903-1912.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.36 , pp. 1903-1912
    • Nieminen, M.S.1    Akkila, J.2    Hasenfuss, G.3
  • 50
    • 21044443575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on systemic and regional hemodynamics in septic myocardial dysfunction
    • Morelli A, De Castro S, Teboul JL, et al. Effects of levosimendan on systemic and regional hemodynamics in septic myocardial dysfunction. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31:638-644.
    • (2005) Intensive Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 638-644
    • Morelli, A.1    De Castro, S.2    Teboul, J.L.3
  • 51
    • 33747456675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on right ventricular afterload in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A pilot study
    • Morelli A, Teboul JL, Maggiore SM, et al. Effects of levosimendan on right ventricular afterload in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A pilot study. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:2287-2293.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 2287-2293
    • Morelli, A.1    Teboul, J.L.2    Maggiore, S.M.3
  • 52
    • 67649169140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial reporting beneficial effects of levosimendan on hemodynamics, global oxygen transport, pulmonary circulation and right ventricular dysfunction in septic shock patients with ARDS
    • Clinical trial reporting beneficial effects of levosimendan on hemodynamics, global oxygen transport, pulmonary circulation and right ventricular dysfunction in septic shock patients with ARDS.
  • 53
    • 33947172856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dear levosimendan, the right ventricular will thank you
    • Westphal M, Morelli A, Van Aken H. Dear levosimendan, the right ventricular will thank you. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:952-953.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 952-953
    • Westphal, M.1    Morelli, A.2    Van Aken, H.3
  • 54
    • 33750224985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan versus dobutamine on pressure load-induced right ventricular failure
    • Kerbaul F, Rondelet B, Demester JP, et al. Effects of levosimendan versus dobutamine on pressure load-induced right ventricular failure. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:2814-2819.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 2814-2819
    • Kerbaul, F.1    Rondelet, B.2    Demester, J.P.3
  • 55
    • 33947137368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan improves right ventriculovascular coupling in a porcine model of right ventricular dysfunction
    • Missant C, Rex S, Segers P, et al. Levosimendan improves right ventriculovascular coupling in a porcine model of right ventricular dysfunction. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:707-715.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 707-715
    • Missant, C.1    Rex, S.2    Segers, P.3
  • 56
    • 34547692996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on acute pulmonary embolism-induced right ventricular failure
    • Kerbaul F, Gariboldi V, Giorgi R, et al. Effects of levosimendan on acute pulmonary embolism-induced right ventricular failure. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:1948-1954.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 1948-1954
    • Kerbaul, F.1    Gariboldi, V.2    Giorgi, R.3
  • 57
    • 34548050165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction
    • Sharma AC. Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Shock 2007; 28:265-269.
    • (2007) Shock , vol.28 , pp. 265-269
    • Sharma, A.C.1
  • 58
    • 67649174643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article detailing the role of endothelin-1 and cellular apoptosis in sepsisinduced myocardial dysfunction
    • Review article detailing the role of endothelin-1 and cellular apoptosis in sepsisinduced myocardial dysfunction.
  • 59
    • 0027388856 scopus 로고
    • Impaired β-adrenergic receptor stimulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in human septic shock: Association with myocardial responsiveness to catecholamines
    • Silverman HJ, Penaranda R, Orens JB, Lee NH. Impaired β-adrenergic receptor stimulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in human septic shock: Association with myocardial responsiveness to catecholamines. Crit Care Med 1993; 21:31-39.
    • (1993) Crit Care Med , vol.21 , pp. 31-39
    • Silverman, H.J.1    Penaranda, R.2    Orens, J.B.3    Lee, N.H.4
  • 60
    • 0032884049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequential changes in autonomic regulation of cardiac myocytes after in vivo endotoxin injection in rat
    • Abi-Gerges N, Tavernier B, Mebazaa A, et al. Sequential changes in autonomic regulation of cardiac myocytes after in vivo endotoxin injection in rat. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:1196-1204.
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 1196-1204
    • Abi-Gerges, N.1    Tavernier, B.2    Mebazaa, A.3
  • 61
    • 0034662864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of catecholamines by superoxide gives new insights on the pathogenesis of septic shock
    • Macarthur H, Westfall TC, Riley DP, et al. Inactivation of catecholamines by superoxide gives new insights on the pathogenesis of septic shock. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2000; 97:9753-9758.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.97 , pp. 9753-9758
    • Macarthur, H.1    Westfall, T.C.2    Riley, D.P.3
  • 62
    • 0032076172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myofilament calcium sensitivity is decreased in skinned cardiac fibres of endotoxin-treated rabbits
    • Tavernier B, Garrigue D, Boulle C, et al. Myofilament calcium sensitivity is decreased in skinned cardiac fibres of endotoxin-treated rabbits. Cardiovasc Res 1998; 38:472-479.
    • (1998) Cardiovasc Res , vol.38 , pp. 472-479
    • Tavernier, B.1    Garrigue, D.2    Boulle, C.3
  • 63
    • 0035260524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac contractile impairment associated with increased phosphorylation of troponin I in endotoxemic rats
    • Tavernier B, Li JM, El-Omar MM, et al. Cardiac contractile impairment associated with increased phosphorylation of troponin I in endotoxemic rats. FASEB J 2001; 15:294-296.
    • (2001) FASEB J , vol.15 , pp. 294-296
    • Tavernier, B.1    Li, J.M.2    El-Omar, M.M.3
  • 64
    • 0035138303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation-dependent alteration in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity but normal mitochondrial function in septic heart
    • Tavernier B, Mebazaa A, Mateo P, et al. Phosphorylation-dependent alteration in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity but normal mitochondrial function in septic heart. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163:362-367.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.163 , pp. 362-367
    • Tavernier, B.1    Mebazaa, A.2    Mateo, P.3
  • 65
    • 0035174034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan, a novel inotropic calcium sensitizing drug, in experimental septic shock
    • Oldner A, Konrad D, Weitzberg E, et al. Effects of levosimendan, a novel inotropic calcium sensitizing drug, in experimental septic shock. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:2185-2193.
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 2185-2193
    • Oldner, A.1    Konrad, D.2    Weitzberg, E.3
  • 66
    • 24144451071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac and renal effects of levosimendam, arginine vasopressin, and norepinephrine in lipopolysaccharidetreated rabbits
    • Faivre V, Kaskos H, Callebert J, et al. Cardiac and renal effects of levosimendam, arginine vasopressin, and norepinephrine in lipopolysaccharidetreated rabbits. Anesthesiology 2005; 103:514-521.
    • (2005) Anesthesiology , vol.103 , pp. 514-521
    • Faivre, V.1    Kaskos, H.2    Callebert, J.3
  • 67
    • 33847354282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan and dobutamine in experimental acute endotoxemia: A preliminary controlled study
    • Dubin A, Murias G, Sottile JP, et al. Effects of levosimendan and dobutamine in experimental acute endotoxemia: a preliminary controlled study. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:485-494.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 485-494
    • Dubin, A.1    Murias, G.2    Sottile, J.P.3
  • 68
    • 34250757623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of levosimendan in the early stages of endotoxemia
    • Cunha-Goncalves D, Perez-de-Sa V, Dahm P, et al. Cardiovascular effects of levosimendan in the early stages of endotoxemia. Shock 2007; 28:71-77.
    • (2007) Shock , vol.28 , pp. 71-77
    • Cunha-Goncalves, D.1    Perez-de-Sa, V.2    Dahm, P.3
  • 69
    • 33847370739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan in septic shock: Another piece in the puzzle, but many pieces are still lacking
    • De Backer D, Taccone FS, Radermacher P. Levosimendan in septic shock: another piece in the puzzle, but many pieces are still lacking. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:403-405.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 403-405
    • De Backer, D.1    Taccone, F.S.2    Radermacher, P.3
  • 70
    • 0242593293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The calcium sensitizer levosimendan attenuates endotoxin-evoked myocardial dysfunction in isolated guinea pig hearts
    • Behrends M, Peters J. The calcium sensitizer levosimendan attenuates endotoxin-evoked myocardial dysfunction in isolated guinea pig hearts. Intensive Care Med 2003; 29:1802-1807.
    • (2003) Intensive Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1802-1807
    • Behrends, M.1    Peters, J.2
  • 71
    • 34247341002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan restores both systolic and diastolic cardiac performance in lipopolysaccharide-treated rabbits: Comparison with dobutamine and milrinone
    • Barraud D, Faivre V, Damy T, et al. Levosimendan restores both systolic and diastolic cardiac performance in lipopolysaccharide-treated rabbits: Comparison with dobutamine and milrinone. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:1376-1382.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 1376-1382
    • Barraud, D.1    Faivre, V.2    Damy, T.3
  • 72
    • 67649169139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elegantly designed endotoxic animal model that reports the specific effects of levosimendan on cardiac performance
    • Elegantly designed endotoxic animal model that reports the specific effects of levosimendan on cardiac performance.
  • 73
    • 33744794589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan protects against experimental endotoxemic acute renal failure
    • Zager RA, Johnson AC, Lund S, et al. Levosimendan protects against experimental endotoxemic acute renal failure. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006; 290:1453-1462.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Renal Physiol , vol.290 , pp. 1453-1462
    • Zager, R.A.1    Johnson, A.C.2    Lund, S.3
  • 74
    • 0037426726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis
    • Hotchkiss RS, Karl IE. The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:138-150.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 138-150
    • Hotchkiss, R.S.1    Karl, I.E.2
  • 75
    • 0027406742 scopus 로고
    • Associations between intramucosal acidosis in the gut and organ failure
    • Fiddian-Green RG. Associations between intramucosal acidosis in the gut and organ failure. Crit Care Med 1993; 21 (Suppl): S103-S107.
    • (1993) Crit Care Med , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Fiddian-Green, R.G.1
  • 76
    • 67649136690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan prolongs survival in ovine septic shock (abstract)
    • in press
    • Rehberg S, Ertmer C, Lange M, et al. Levosimendan prolongs survival in ovine septic shock (abstract). Crit Care 2008; [in press]
    • (2008) Crit Care
    • Rehberg, S.1    Ertmer, C.2    Lange, M.3
  • 77
    • 67649143609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • This experimental study clearly shows that combined infusion of arginine vasopressin and levosimendan prolongs survival as compared to sole arginine vasopressin infusion
    • This experimental study clearly shows that combined infusion of arginine vasopressin and levosimendan prolongs survival as compared to sole arginine vasopressin infusion.
  • 78
    • 34548014479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine treatment for shock-equally good or bad?
    • Singer M. Catecholamine treatment for shock-equally good or bad? Lancet 2007; 370:636-637.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 636-637
    • Singer, M.1
  • 79
    • 13444266490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful reversal of resistant hypodinamic septic shock with levosimendan
    • Matejovic M, Krouzecky A, Radej J, Novak I. Successful reversal of resistant hypodinamic septic shock with levosimendan. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005; 49:127.
    • (2005) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.49 , pp. 127
    • Matejovic, M.1    Krouzecky, A.2    Radej, J.3    Novak, I.4
  • 81
    • 34548218149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan in septic shock: A case series
    • Powell BP, De Keulenaer BL. Levosimendan in septic shock: a case series. Br J Anaesth 2007; 99:447-448.
    • (2007) Br J Anaesth , vol.99 , pp. 447-448
    • Powell, B.P.1    De Keulenaer, B.L.2
  • 82
    • 22644442630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost analysis of the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure. Levosimendan versus dobutamine
    • Oliveira MT Jr, Follador W, Martins ML, et al. Cost analysis of the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure. Levosimendan versus dobutamine. Arq Bras Cardiol 2005; 85:9-14.
    • (2005) Arq Bras Cardiol , vol.85 , pp. 9-14
    • Oliveira Jr, M.T.1    Follador, W.2    Martins, M.L.3
  • 83
    • 0037276509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous levosimendan treatment is cost-effective compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure: An analysis based on the international LIDO trial
    • Cleland JG, Takala A, Apajasalo M, et al. Intravenous levosimendan treatment is cost-effective compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure: an analysis based on the international LIDO trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2003; 5:101-108.
    • (2003) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.5 , pp. 101-108
    • Cleland, J.G.1    Takala, A.2    Apajasalo, M.3
  • 84
    • 67649151082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan has an inhibitory effect on platelet function
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Kaptan K, Erinç K, Ifran A, et al. Levosimendan has an inhibitory effect on platelet function. Am J Hematol 2007; [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2007) Am J Hematol
    • Kaptan, K.1    Erinç, K.2    Ifran, A.3
  • 85
    • 2342505687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Levosimendan on Circulating Proinflammatory Cytokines and Soluble Apoptosis Mediators in Patients With Decompensated Advanced Heart Failure
    • Parissis JT, Adamopoulos S, Antoniades C, et al. Effects of Levosimendan on Circulating Proinflammatory Cytokines and Soluble Apoptosis Mediators in Patients With Decompensated Advanced Heart Failure. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93:1309-1312.
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.93 , pp. 1309-1312
    • Parissis, J.T.1    Adamopoulos, S.2    Antoniades, C.3
  • 86
    • 23744462187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+-sensitizer levosimendan improves oxidative damage, BNP and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with advanced decompensated heart failure in comparison to dobutamine
    • 2+-sensitizer levosimendan improves oxidative damage, BNP and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with advanced decompensated heart failure in comparison to dobutamine. Eur J Heart Fail 2005; 7:882-887.
    • (2005) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.7 , pp. 882-887
    • Avgeropoulou, C.1    Andreadou, I.2    Markantonis-Kyroudis, S.3
  • 87
    • 33745168603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan versus dobutamine on inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in acutely decompensated chronic heart failure
    • Adamopoulos S, Parissis JT, Iliodromitis EK, et al. Effects of levosimendan versus dobutamine on inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in acutely decompensated chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2006; 98:102-1 06.
    • (2006) Am J Cardiol , vol.98 , Issue.102 -1 , pp. 06
    • Adamopoulos, S.1    Parissis, J.T.2    Iliodromitis, E.K.3
  • 88
    • 34548176581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial function in sepsis: Acute phase versus multiple organ failure
    • Singer M. Mitochondrial function in sepsis: acute phase versus multiple organ failure. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:S441-S448.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35
    • Singer, M.1
  • 89
    • 67649136688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Up-to-date comprehensive review on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis
    • Up-to-date comprehensive review on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis.
  • 90
    • 0036892452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bench-to-bedside review: Cytopathic hypoxia
    • Fink MP. Bench-to-bedside review: Cytopathic hypoxia. Crit Care 2002; 6:491-499.
    • (2002) Crit Care , vol.6 , pp. 491-499
    • Fink, M.P.1
  • 92
    • 0035940129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of vasodilatory shock
    • Landry DW, Oliver JA. The pathogenesis of vasodilatory shock. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:588-595.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 588-595
    • Landry, D.W.1    Oliver, J.A.2
  • 93
    • 34548676568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel inhibition in shock states: Physiology and clinical implications
    • Lange M, Morelli A, Ertmer C, et al. Role of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel inhibition in shock states: physiology and clinical implications. Shock 2007; 28:394-400.
    • (2007) Shock , vol.28 , pp. 394-400
    • Lange, M.1    Morelli, A.2    Ertmer, C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.