The importance of religion in shaping volcanic risk perception in Italy, with special reference to Vesuvius and Etna

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Volumn 172, Issue 3-4, 2008, Pages 216-228

  Chester, David K ^a   Duncan, Angus M ^b   Dibben, Christopher J L ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BEDFORDSHIRE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

disaster planning; Etna; religious perceptions; southern Italy; Vesuvius; volcanic eruptions

Indexed keywords

BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS; DISASTER PREVENTION; PLANNING; RISK PERCEPTION; SOCIAL ASPECTS;

RELIGIOUS PERCEPTIONS; VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS;

VOLCANOES;

DISASTER MANAGEMENT; EXTREME EVENT; NATURAL DISASTER; NATURAL HAZARD; PERCEPTION; RELIGION; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

CAMPANIA [ITALY]; CATANIA [SICILY]; ETNA; EURASIA; EUROPE; ITALY; NAPOLI [CAMPANIA]; SICILY; SOUTHERN EUROPE; VESUVIUS;

EID: 43249110947     PISSN: 03770273     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.12.009     Document Type: Article

References (143)

1. Abatino, E., undated. Vesuvio: a volcano and its history. Carcavallo, Napoli.
2. Aberth J. From the Brink of the Apocalypse: Confronting Famine, War, Plague and Death in the Later Middle Ages (2001), Routledge, New York
3. Acquaviva S. L'eclissi sel sacro (1961), Comunità, Milan
4. Al-Azmeh A. Islams and Modernities (1996), Verso, London
5. Alexander D. The Earthquake of 23 November 1980 in Campania and Basilicata, Southern Italy (1982), International Disaster Institute, London
6. Alexander D. Behavior during earthquakes: a southern Italian example. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters 8 1 (1990) 5-29
7. Alexander D. Confronting Catastrophe (2000), Terra Publishing, Harpenden
8. Alexander D. Principles of Emergency Planning and Management (2002), Terra Publications, Harpenden
9. Anderson J. Learning from Mount St. Helens - Catastrophic events as educational opportunities. Journal of Geography 86 5 (1987) 229-233
10. Anon. Report. The Times (1872) 6 May 15, column c
11. Anon. Report. The Times (London) (1872) 6 May 15
12. Anon. The Pope and the earthquake. The Times (London) (1873) 5 July 18, col. d.
13. Anon. The eruption of Vesuvius. The Times (London) (1906) 5 April 11, col. a
14. Anon. Etna eruption ending. The Times (London) (1923) 12 Jun 26, col.c
15. Anon. Etna eruption: rapid advance of lava. The Times (London) (1928) 16 November 7, col., g
16. Anon. Vesuvius in eruption. Great flow of lava. Villages threatened. The Times (London) (1929) 14 June 5, col. c.
17. Anon. Report. Manchester Guardian (1944) 5 March 23, col. f
18. Anon. Report. Time Magazine (1971) 44 May 31
19. Anon. Report. Christian Century (1980) 695 July, 2-9
20. Anon. Report. Columbian (1983) 31 March
21. Anon. Pianificazione Nazionale d'emergenza dell'area Vesuviana (1995), Prefettura di Napoli, Napoli and Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Roma
22. Anon. Il Vesivio e la grande eruzione dell' April 1906. Colavecchia Colombai and C. Napoli and Rotary Club, Ottaviano (1996)
23. Anon. Theodicy. In: Bowker J. (Ed). The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1997), Oxford University Press, New York 968-969
24. Anon. Pope's Charity gave 6.5 million to needy in 2003. The Catholic News Agency, Vatican City (2004). http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=961 (http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=961). Accessed 08/01/08
25. Anon. 'Miracle' of San Gennaro restaged. Independent (London) (2005) 22 September 20
26. Anon. Agatha (2005). http://www.catholic%20forum.com/saints.santa04.htm (http://www.catholic forum.com/saints.santa04.htm accessed 2/11/05)
27. Anon. St. Agatha and Catania: An Indissoluble Bond (2005). http://www.mediaonline.it/catania/agatha_en.htm (http://www.mediaonline.it/catania/agatha_en.htm - accessed 2/11/05)
28. Anon. 'Miracle' of San Gennaro restaged. Independent (London) (2005) 22 20 September
29. Astarita T. Between Salt Water and Holy Water: A History of Southern Italy (2005), W.W. Norton and Company, New York
30. Barnes V.C. Shepherding in ashy times: pastoral care with Montserratian volcano evacuees in two Pentecostal churches in the UK. Montserrat County Conference Pre-Prints, University of the West Indies, November 2002 (2002). http://www.cavehill.uwi.edu/bnccde/montserrat/conference/papers/barnes.h tml http://www.cavehill.uwi.edu/bnccde/montserrat/conference/papers/barnes.h tml (accessed 12/2/07)
31. Belmonte T. The Broken Fountain (1989), Columbia University Press, New York
32. Bemporad J. Suffering. In: Eliade M. (Ed). The Encyclopedia of Religion vol. 14 (1987), Macmillan, New York 99-104
33. Bentley H., and Gregory J.R. Final Report on the Vesuvius Emergency Operation. Allied Control Commission, Headquarters Naples Province (1944)
34. Blong R.J. Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook of the Effects of Eruptions (1984), Academic Press, Sydney
35. Bosworth R.J.B. The Messina earthquake of 28 December 1908. European Studies Review 11 (1981) 189-206
36. Bowker J. Problems of Suffering in the Religions of the World Cambridge (1970), University Press, Cambridge
37. Brice C. "The King was pale": Italy's National-Popular Monarchy and the construction of disasters. In: Dickie J., Foot J., and Snowden F.M. (Eds). Disastro! Disasters in Italy since 1860: Culture, Politics and Society (2002), Palgrave, Houndmills, Hampshire 61-79
38. Brown M. City where miracles are in the blood Naples is alive with fresh hope when celebrating its patron saint. The Daily Telegraph April 30 (2005) 13
39. CAFOD. Disasters and Emergencies (2006). http://www.cafod.org.uk/about_cafod/what_we_do/disasters-and-emergencies (http://www.cafod.org.uk/about_cafod/what_we_do/disasters-and-emergencie s). Accessed 04/07/06.
40. Carroll M.P. The Cult of the Virgin Mary: Psychological Origins (1986), Princeton University Press, Princeton N.J.
41. Carroll M.P. Catholic Cults and Devotions (1989), Montreal, Mc Gill-Queen's University Press
42. Carroll M.P. Madonnas that Maim. Popular Catholicism in Italy since the Fifteenth Century (1992), Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Press
43. Carroll M.P. Veiled Threats: The Logic of Popular Catholicism in Italy (1996), Baltimore and London, The Johns Hopkins Press
44. Carroll R. Give us this day our daily miracle. Guardian (London) (2000) Saturday May 6
45. Cartocci R. Fra Lega e Chiesa. L' Italia in cerca di integrazione (1994), Bologna, Il Mulino
46. Cesareo V., Cipriani R., Garelli F., Lanzetti C., and Rovati G. La religiosità in Italia (1995), Milan, Mondadori
47. Chester D.K. Volcanoes and Society (1993), London, Edward Arnold
48. Chester D.K. The theodicy of natural disasters. Scottish Journal of Theology 51 4 (1998) 485-505
49. Chester D.K. Theology and disaster studies: the need for dialogue. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 146 (2005) 319-328
50. Chester D.K. Volcanoes, society and culture. In: Marti J., and Ernst G.J. (Eds). Volcanoes and the Environment (2005), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 404-439
51. Chester, D.K., Duncan, A.M., in press. Geomythology, theodicy and the continuing relevance of religious worldviews on responses to volcanic eruptions. In: Grattan, J., Torrance, R. (Eds.), Living Under the Shadow. One World Archaeology, Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek California.
52. Chester D.K., Duncan A.M., Guest J.E., and Kilburn C.R.J. Mount Etna: The Anatomy of a Volcano (1985), London, Chapman and Hall
53. Chester D.K., Duncan A.M., Dibben C., Guest J.E., and Lister P.H. Mascali, Mount Etna Region, Sicily: an example of fascist planning during and after the 1928 eruption. Natural Hazards 19 1 (1999) 29-46
54. Chester D.K., Duncan A.M., Guest J.E., Johnston P.A., and Smolenaars J.J.L. Human response to Etna volcano during the classical period. In: Mc Guire W.J., Griffiths D.R., Hancock P.L., and Stewart I.S. (Eds). The Archaeology of Geological Catastrophes. Geological Society Special Publication vol. 17 (2000), Geological Society of London, London 179-188
55. Chester D.K., Duncan A.M., and Guest J.E. Responses to eruptions of Etna from the Classical Period to 1900. In: Balmuth M.S., Chester D.K., and Johnston P.A. (Eds). Cultural Responses to Volcanic Landscape. Colloquia and Conference Papers vol. 8 (2005), Archaeological Institute of America, Boston 93-107
56. Chester D.K., Duncan A.M., Wetton P., and Wetton R. Responses of the Anglo-American military authorities to the eruption of Vesuvius, March 1944. Journal of Historical Geography 33 (2007) 168-196
57. Cipriani R. Invisible religion or diffused religion in Italy?. Social Compass 50 3 (2003) 311-320
58. Cipriani R., Garelli F., Lanzetti C., and Rovati G. La religiosità in Italia (1995), Milan, Mondadori
59. Cunningham A., and Grell O.P. The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Religion, War, Famine and Death in Reformation Europe (2000), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press
60. Davie G. Believing without belonging: is this the future of religion in Britain?. Social Compass 37 (1990) 455-469
61. Davis, M.S., 2006. Personal communication.
62. Davis M.S., and Ricci T. Perception of risk for volcanic hazards in Italy: a research note. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 24 10/11 (2004) 159-165
63. Davis M.S., Ricci T., and Mitchell L.M. Perceptions of risk for volcanic hazards at Vesuvio and Etna, Italy. The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies 2005-1 (2005) 14 pages (electronic journal)
64. Davis S.T. Encountering Evil: Live Options for Theodicy (1981), Atlanta, John Knox Press
65. de Boer J.Z., and Sanders D.T. Earthquakes in Human History (2005), Princeton University Press, Princeton
66. Degg M., and Homan J. Earthquake vulnerability in the Middle East. Geography 90 1 (2005) 54-66
67. Delme-Radcliffe C. Report by Lt. Col. Delme-Radcliffe on Conditions following the Eruption of Vesuvius in 1906. H.M.S.O., London (report 14404 1) (1906)
68. Dhaoudi M. An operational analysis of the phenomenon of the other: underdevelopment in the Arab World and the Third World. In: Albrow M., and King E. (Eds). Globalization, Knowledge and Society (1992), Sage, London 193-208
69. Dibben, C.J.L., 1999. Looking beyond eruption for an explanation of volcanic disasters: vulnerability in volcanic environments. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Luton.
70. Dickie J. Darkest Italy: The Nation and Stereotypes of the Mezzogiorno (1999), Houndmills, Basingstoke, Macmillan
71. Dickie J., and Foot J. Introduction. In: Dickie J., Foot J., and Snowden F.M. (Eds). Disastro! Disasters in Italy since 1860: Culture, Politics and Society (2002), Palgrave, Houndsmill, Hampshire 61-79
72. Diotallevi L. Internal competition in a national religious monopoly: the Catholic effect and the Italian case. Sociology of Religion 63 2 (2002) 137-155
73. Douglas N. Old Calabria (1920), London (New edition), Martin Secker
74. Duncan A.M., Dibben C., Chester D.K., and Guest J.E. The 1928 eruption of Mount Etna, Sicily, and the destruction of the town of Mascali. Disasters 20 1 (1996) 1-20
75. Eades T. The international decade for natural disaster reduction. In: Twigg J. (Ed). Development at Risk: Natural Disasters and the Third World (1998), Oxford Centre for Disaster Studies, Oxford 20-22
76. Faventies V. De montium origine dialogus (1561), Aldus, Venice
77. Fisher R.V., Heiken G., and Hulen J.B. Volcanoes: Crucibles of Change New Jersey (1997), Princeton University Press
78. Garelli F. Forza della religione e debolezza della fede (1996), Bologna, Il Mulino
79. Gentile E. New idols: Catholicism in the face of fascist totalitarianism. Journal of Modern Italian Studies 11 2 (2006) 143-170
80. Gobetti D. Review of: darkest Italy by John Dickie. Comparative Studies in Society and History 44 2 (2002) 405-406 2002
81. Guest J.E., Cole P., Duncan A., and Chester D.K. Volcanoes of Southern Italy (2003), London, The Geological Society
82. Halliday F. The politics of Islamic fundamentalism: Iran, Tunisia and the challenge to the secular state. In: Ahmed A.S., and Doonan H. (Eds). Islam, Globalization and Postmodernity (1994), Routledge, London 91-113
83. Hamilton W. Observations on Mt. Vesuvius, Mt. Etna and other volcanoes (1772), Cadell, London
84. Hanska J. Strategies of sanity and survival. Religious responses to natural disasters in the Middle Ages. Studia Fennica Historica vol. 2 (2000), Finnish Literature Society, Helsinki
85. Harris S.L. Archaeology and volcanism. In: Sigurdsson H., Houghton B., McNutt S.R., Rymer H., and Stix J. (Eds). The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes (2000), Academic Press, San Diego 1301-1314
86. Hoffer W. Volcano: The search for Vesuvius (1982), New York, Summit Books
87. Hyde W.W. The volcanic history of Etna. Geographical Review 1 (1916) 401-418
88. Ingram R.G. William Warburton, divine action, and enlightened Christianity. In: Gibson W., and Ingram R.G. (Eds). Religious Identities in Britain vol. 1660-1832 (2005), Ashgate, Aldershot 97-117
89. Ingram R.G. 'The trembling earth is God's Herald': earthquakes, religion and public life in Britain during the 1750s. In: Braun T.E.D., and Radner J.B. (Eds). The Lisbon Earthquake of 1755: Representations and Reactions (2005), Voltaire Foundation, Oxford 97-113 SEV 2005: 2
90. Johnston P.A. Volcanoes in classical mythology. In: Balmuth M.S., Chester D.K., and Johnston P.A. (Eds). Cultural Response to Volcanic landscape: The Mediterranean and Beyond. Colloquia and Conference Papers vol. 8 (2005), Archaeological Institute of America, Boston 297-310
91. Kelikian A.A. The church and Catholicism. In: Lyttelton A. (Ed). Liberal and Fascist Italy 1900-1945 (2002), Oxford University Press Oxford
92. Kendrick T.D. The Lisbon Earthquake (1956), London, Methuen
93. Kennedy F. Sicilians pray as technology fails to stop lava. Independent (London) (2001) 10 July 30
94. King R. Sicily (1973), Newton Abbot, David and Charles
95. Kircher A. In: Janssonium J., and Weyerstraten E. (Eds). Mundus subterraneus, in xii libros digestus (1665), Apud Joannem Janssonium à Waesberge & Filios Amstelodami
96. Kirsch J.P. Agatha. In: Hebermann C.B., Pallen C.B., Shahan T.J., and Wynn J.J. (Eds). Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Catholic Church vol. 1 (1907-14), The Encycopedia Press, New York 203-204
97. Lancaster J. In the shadow of Vesuvius: a cultural history of Naples. I.B (2005), London, Tauris
98. Leibniz G.W.v. Essais de Théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, a la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal (1712), Microfilm Research Publications, New Haven (1973)
99. Leibniz G.W.v. In: Farrer A. (Ed). Theodicy, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London (1952) English translation, E.M. Huggard
100. Leone F., and Gaillard J.-C. Analysis of the institutional and social responses to the eruption and the lahars of Mount Pinatubo volcano from 1991 to 1998 (Central Luzon, Philippines). GeoJournal 49 (1999) 223-238
101. Lewis C.S. The Problem of Pain (1944), London, Bles
102. Lewis N. Naples' 44: An intelligence Officer in the Italian Labyrinth (1978), London, Eland
103. Lirer L., Chirosca M.C., Munno R., Petrosino P., and Grimaldi M. Il Vesuvio ieri, ogge, domani (2005), Napoli, Regione Campania
104. Logan O. The clericals and disaster: polemic and solidarism in liberal Italy. In: Dickie J., Foot J., and Snowden F.M. (Eds). Disastro! Disasters in Italy since 1860: Culture, Politics and Society. Palgrave, Houndmills, Hampshire (2002) 98-112
105. Lyell C. Principles of Geology. 4th edition vol. 3 (1835), John Murray and Co., London
106. Mack-Smith D. Mussolini (1983), London, Paladin
107. Maniscalco L. The prehistoric settlement near the Salinelle di San Marco (Paterno, Catania Provice, Sicily). In: Balmuth M.S., Chester D.K., and Johnston P.A. (Eds). Cultural Responses to Volcanic Landscape. Colloquia and Conference Papers 8 (2005), Archaeological Institute of America, Boston 127-142
108. Marchisio R., and Pisati M. Belonging without believing: Catholics in contemporary Italy. Journal of Modern Italian Studies 4 2 (1999) 236-255
109. Mc Mahon B. No blood, sweat or tears. Guardian Unlimited (2005) October 6
110. Mershman F. Rogation days. In: Hebermann C.B., Pallen C.B., Shahan T.J., and Wynn J.J. (Eds). Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Catholic Church vol. 13 (1907-14), The Encyclopedia Press, New York 110-111
111. Moe N. The View from Vesuvius: Italian Culture and the Southern Question (2002), Berkeley, University of California Press
112. Monter W. Review of: Vescovi popolo e magia nel sud. By Grabriele de Rosa. Guida Editore, Naples. Journal of Modern History 58 1 (1986) 340-341
113. Owen R. Villagers in Etna lava's path pray to virgin. The Times (2001) July 30 (overseas news)
114. Pailin D.A. Enlightenment. In: Richardson A., and Bowden J. (Eds). A New Dictionary of Christian Theology (1983), SCM, London 179-180
115. Palumbo B. "The war of the saints": religion, politics, and the poetics of time in a Sicilian town. Comparative Studies in Society and History 46 1 (2004) 4-34
116. Perret F.A. The Vesuvius Eruption of 1906: Study of a Volcanic Cycle (1924), Carnegie Institution, Washington DC Publication 339
117. Perry R.W., and Greene M.R. Citizen Response to Volcanic Eruptions (1983), New York, Irvington
118. Philips J. Vesuvius (1869), Oxford, Oxford University Press
119. Pinkerton, H., 2006. Personal Communication. 2 June 2006.
120. Plantinga A. God, Freedom and Evil (1974), New York, Harper and Row
121. Possekel A.K. Living with the Unexpected (1999), Springer, Berlin
122. Recupero G. Storia naturale e generale dell' Etna (1815), Catania Universita
123. Riall L. Review of: darkest Italy by John Dickie. English Historical Review 116 467 (2001) 749-750
124. Rodwell G.F. Etna: A History of the Mountain and Its Eruption (1878), Kegan Paul, London
125. Saarinen T.F., and Sell J.L. Warning and response to the Mount St. Helens eruption (1987), Albany, State University of New York Press
126. Scarth A., and Tanguy J.-C. Volcanoes of Europe (2001), Terra Publishing, Harpenden
127. Schlehe J. Reinterpretation of mystical traditions - explanations of a volcanic eruption in Java. Anthropos 91 4-6 (1996) 391-409
128. Sigurdsson H. Melting the Earth (1999), Oxford and New York, Oxford University Press
129. Smolenaars J.J.L. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in Latin literature. In: Balmuth M.S., Chester D.K., and Johnston P.A. (Eds). Cultural Response to Volcanic Landscape: The Mediterranean and Beyond. Colloquia and Conference Papers vol. 8 (2005), Archaeological Institute of America, Boston 311-329
130. Steinberg T. Acts of God: The Unnatural History of Natural Disaster in America (2000), New York, Oxford University Press
131. Thurston H. Processions. In: Hebermann C.B., Pallen C.B., Shahan T.J., and Wynn J.J. (Eds). Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Catholic Church vol. 12 (1907-14), The Encyclopedia Press, New York 446-448
132. Tiedemann H. Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions (1992), Zurich, Swiss Reinsurance Company
133. United Nations. Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World: Guidelines for Natural Disaster Prevention, Preparedness and Mitigation (1995), United Nations, Geneva
134. United Nations. International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction: Successor Arrangement (1999), United Nations, New York
135. United Nations. Living with Risk (2002), United Nations, Geneva
136. United Nations. Report on the World Conference on Disaster Reduction, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, 18-22 January 2005 (2005), United Nations, Geneva GE.05-61029
137. Vatican. Directory on Popular Piety and the Liturgy: Principles and Guidelines (2001), Vatican, Vatican City. http://www.catholicculture.org/library/view.cfm?id=4620&repos=1 &subrepos =&searchid=151381 (http://www.catholicculture.org/library/view.cfm?id=4620&repos= 1&subrepos=&searchid=151381). Accessed 08/01/08.
138. Vidler A. The Church in the Age of Revolution: 1789 to the Present Day (1971), Harmondsworth, Penguin
139. Vulliamy E. Eyewitness: Easter in the teeth of the volcano God. The Guardian (1992) 11 April 18
140. Wesley J. In: Gragg G.R. (Ed). Works vol. 11 (1812), Clarendon Press, Oxford 403-496
141. White G.F. Natural hazards research. In: Chorley R.J. (Ed). Directions in Geography (1973), Methuen, London 193-312
142. Whitney B. Theodicy. New Catholic Encyclopedia vol. 13 (2003), Thompson Gale and the Catholic University of America, Washington DC. 867-869
143. Whyte W.F. Sicilian peasant society. American Anthropologist 46 1 (1944) 65-74