Petrogenesis of the Neoproterozoic Bikilal-Ghimbi gabbro, Western Ethiopia

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

Volumn 103, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 23-46

  Woldemichael, Binyam W ^a,b   Kimura, Jun Ichi ^a  

^a SHIMANE UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ETHIOPIA   (Ethiopia)

Author keywords

Bikilal Ghimbi gabbro; Ethiopia; Geochemistry; Neoproterozoic; Parental magma; Petrology; Tholeiite

Indexed keywords

EID: 43149103701     PISSN: 13456296     EISSN: 13493825     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2465/jmps.070401     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Abdelsalam, M.G. and Stern, R.J. (1996) Sutures and shear zones in the Arabian Nubian Shield. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 23, 289-310.
2. Abdelsalam, M.G., Liégeois, J.P. and Stern, R.J. (2002) The Saharan Metacraton. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 34, 119-136.
3. Abraham, A. (1989) Tectonic history of the Pan-African low-grade belt of western Ethiopia, Note 305. pp. 22, Ethiopian Institute of Geological Survey, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
4. Alemu, T. and Abebe, T. (2000) Geology of the Ghimbi area, Memoir 15. pp. 158, Geological Survey of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
5. Allen, A. and Tadesse, G. (2003) Geological setting and tectonic subdivision of the Neoproterozoic orogenic belt of Tuludimtu, western Ethiopia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 36, 329-343.
6. Ariskin, A.A. and Barmina, G.S. (2004) COMAGMAT. Development of a magma crystallization model and its petrological applications. Geochemistry International, 42, 1-157.
7. Ayalew, T., Bell, K., Moore, J.M. and Parrish, R.R. (1990) U-Pb and Rb-Sr geochronology of the Western Ethiopian Shield. Geological Society of American Bulletin, 102, 1309-1316.
8. Ayalew, T. and Peccerillo, A. (1998) Petrology and geochemistry of the Gore-Gambella plutonic rocks: implications for magma genesis and the tectonic setting of the Pan-African Orogenic Belt of western Ethiopia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 27, 397-416.
9. Ballhaus, C.G. and Glikson, A.Y. (1989) Magma mixing and intraplutonic quenching in the Wingellina Hills intrusion, Giles complex, central Australia. Journal of Petrology, 30, 1443-1469.
10. Beard, J. (1986) Characteristic mineralogy of arc related cumulate gabbros: implication for the tectonic setting of gabbroic plutons and for andesite genesis. Geology, 14, 848-851.
11. Bédard, J.H. (1994) A procedure for the equilibrium distribution of trace elements among the minerals of cumulate rocks and the concentration of trace elements in coexisting liquids. Chemical Geology, 118, 143-153.
12. Bédard, J.H. (2001) Parental magmas of the Nain Plutonic Suite anorthosites and mafic cumulates: a trace element modeling approach. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 141, 747-771.
13. Beshawered, E. (2001) Geology and phosphate mineralization of Ghimbi-Bikilal area. AMEP Report 4, pp. 69, Geological Survey of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
14. Bindeman, I.N., Davis, A.M. and Drake, M.J. (1998) Ion microprobe study of plagioclase- basalt partition experiments at natural concentration levels of trace elements. Geochimica et Cosmochimica. Acta, 62, 1175-1193.
15. Claeson, D.T. and Meurer, W.R (2004) Fractional crystallization of hydrous basaltic "are-type" magmas and the formation of amphibole-bearing gabbroic cumulates. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 147, 288-304.
16. Clark, A.H. (2004) Fe-Ti-P Oxide melts generated through magma mixing in the Antauta subvolcanic center, Peru: implications for the origin of nelsonite and iron oxide-dominated hydrothermal deposits. Economic Geolojy, 99, 377-395.
17. Cox, K.G., Bell, J.D. and Pankhurst, R.J. (1979) The interpretation of igneous rocks. pp. 450, Allen and Unwin, London.
18. Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A. and Zussman, J. (1992) An introduction to rock forming minerals. pp. 696, Pearson and Prentice Hall, London.
19. Ghiorso, M.S. and Sack, R.O. (1995) Chemical mass-transfer in magmatic processes IV. A revised and internally consistent thermodynamic model for the interpolation and extrapolation of liquid-solid equilibria in magmatic systems at elevated temperatures and pressures. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119, 197-212.
20. Green, T.H. (1994) Experimental studies of trace-element partitioning applicable to igneous petrogenesis - Sedona 16 years later. Chemical Geology, 117, 1-36.
21. Grenne, T., Pedersen, R.B., Bjerkgård, T., Braathen, A., Selassie, M.G. and Worku, T. (2003) Neoproterozoic evolution of western Ethiopia: igneous geochemistry, isotope systematics and U-Pb ages. Geological Magazine, 140, 373-395.
22. Hunter, R.H. (1996) Texture developments in cumulate rocks: In Developments in petrology 15, layered intrusions (Cawthorn, R.G. Ed.). pp.531, Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, 77-101.
23. Irvine, T.A. and Baragar, W.R.A. (1971) A guide to the chemical classification of the common rocks. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 8, 523-548.
24. Irvine, T.N. (1982) Terminology for layered intrusions. Journal of Petrology, 23, 127-162.
25. Johnson, T.E., Ayalew, T., Mogessie, A., Kruger, F.J. and Poujol, M. (2004) Constraints on the tectonometamorphic evolution of the Western Ethiopia Shield. Precambrian Research, 133, 305-327.
26. Kebede, T., Koeberl, C. and Koller, F. (1999) Geology, geochemistry and petrogenesis of intrusive rocks of the Wallagga area, western Ethiopia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 29, 715-734.
27. Kebede, T., Kloetzli, U.S. and Koeberl, C. (2001) U/Pb and Pb/Pb zircon ages from granitoid rocks of Wallagga area: constraints on magmatic and tectonic evolution of Precambrian rocks of western Ethiopia. Mineralogy and Petrology, 71, 251-271.
28. Kebede, T. and Koeberl, C. (2003) Petrogenesis of A-type granitoids from the Wallagga area, western Ethiopia: constraints from mineralogy, bulk-rock chemistry, Nd and Sr isotopic compositions. Precambrian Research, 121, 1-24.
29. Kennedy, W.Q. (1964) The structural differentiation of Africa in the Pan-African ±500 m.y. tectonic episode, 8th annual report on scientific results, pp. 50, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.
30. Kimura, J.-I., Yoshida, T. and Takakau, Y. (1995) Igneous rock analysis using ICP-MS with internal standardization, isobaric ion overlap correction, and standard addition methods. Science Report of Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan, 56, 1-12.
31. Kimura, J.-I. and Yamada, Y. (1996) Evaluation of major and trace element XRF analysis using a flux to sample ratio of two to one glass beads. Journal of Mineralogy, Petrology and Eonomic Geology, 91, 62-72.
32. Kimura, J.-I., Danhara, T. and Iwano, H. (2000) A preliminary report on trace element determination of zircon and apatite crystals using Excimer Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry ExLA-ICPMS. Fission Track News Letter, 13, 11-20.
33. Kimura, J.-I., Yoshida, T. and Izumi, S. (2002) Origin of low-K intermediate lavas at Nekoma volcano, NE Honshu arc, Japan: geochemical constraints for lower -crustal melts. Journal of Petrology, 43, 631-661.
34. Kimura, J.-I., Sisson, T.W., Nakano, N., Coombs, M.L. and Lipman, P.W. (2006) Geochemistry of early Kilauea magmas from the submarine Hilina bench: the nature of the Hilina mantle component. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 151, 51-72.
35. Kröner, A. (1984) Late Precambrian plate tectonics and orogeny: a need to redefine the term Pan-African. In African Geology (Klerkx, J. and Michot, J. Eds.). Tervuren, Mus'ee R. L, Afrique Centrale, Belgium, 23-28.
36. Kumar, K.V., Frost, C.D., Frost, R. and Chamberlain, K.R. (2007) The Chimakurti, Errakonda, and Uppalapadu plutons, Eastern Ghats Belt, India: an unusual association of tholeiitic and alkaline magmatism. Lithos, 97, 30-57.
37. Kuno, H. (1968) Differentiation of basalt magmas. In Basalts: The Poldervaart treatise on rocks of basaltic composition 2 (Hess, A. Ed.). pp. 862, Inter science, New York, 623-688.
38. Leake, B.E., Woolley, A.R., Leake, B.E., Woolley, A.R., Arps, C.E.S., Birch, W.D., Gilbert, M.C., Grice, J.D., Hawthorne, F.C., Kato, A., Kisch, H.J., Krivovichev, V.G., Linthout, K., Laird, J., Mandarino, J.A., Maresch, W.V., Nickel, E.H., Rock, N.M.S., Schumacher, J.C., Smith, D.C., Stephenson, N.C.N., Ungaretti, L., Whittaker, E.J.W. and Youzhi, G. (1997) Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the subcommittee on amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. The Canadian Mineralogist, 35, 219-246.
39. Naslund, H.R. and McBirney, A.R. (1996) Mechanism of formation of igneous layering. In Developments in petrology 15, layered intrusions (Cawthorn, R.G. Ed.). pp.531, Elsevier Science B.V.., Amsterdam, 1-43.
40. Reed, S.J.B. (1975) Electron microprobe analysis. pp. 400, Cambridge University Press, New York.
41. Rollinson, H. (1993) Using geochemical data, evaluation, presentation and interpretation. pp. 352, Wiley, New York.
42. Stern, R.J. (1994) Arc assembly and continental collision in the Neoproterozoic East African Orogen: implications for the consolidation of Gondwanaland. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 22, 319-351.
43. Sun, S:S. and McDonough, W.F. (1989) Chemical and isotopic systematic of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In Magmatism in the ocean basins, Geological Society special publication 42, (Saunders A.D. and Norry M.J. Eds.). pp. 398, Blackwell Scientific Publishing, London, 313-345.
44. Tegner, C., Wilson, J.R. and Brooks, C.K. (1993) Intraplutonic quench zones in the Kap Edvard Holm Layered Gabbro Complex, east Greenland. Journal of Petrology, 34, 681-710.
45. Tepper, J. (1996) Petrology of malic plutons associated with calcalkaline granitoids, Chilliwack batholith, North Cascades, Washington. Journal of Petrology, 37, 1409-1436.
46. Von Gruenwaldt, G. (1994) Ilmenite-apatite enrichment in the upper zone of the Bushveld complex: a major titanium-rock phosphate resource. International Geology Review, 35, 987-1000.
47. Wager, L.R. and Brown, G.M. (1968) Layered igneous rocks. pp. 588, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
48. Watson, E.B. (1979) Apatite saturation in basic to intermediate magmas. Geophysical Research Letters, 6, 937-940.
49. Wilson, M. (1989) Igneous petrogenesis: A global tectonic approach. pp. 466, Chapman Hall, London.
50. Wood, J.B. and Blundy, J.D. (1997) A predictive model for rare earth element partitioning between clinopyroxene and anhydrous silicate melt. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 129, 166-181
51. Worku, H. and Schandelmeier, H.J. (1996) Tectonic evolution of the Neoproterozoic Adola Belt of southern Ethiopia: evidence for a Wilson Cycle process and implications for oblique plate collision. Precambrian Research, 77, 179-210.
52. Zhou, M.-F., Robinson, P.T., Lesher, C.M., Keays, R.R., Zhang, C.-I. and Malpas, J. (2005) Geochemistry, petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Panzhihua gabbroic layered intrusion and associated Fe-Ti-V oxide deposits, Sichuan Province. SW China Journal of Petrology, 46, 2253-2280.