Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Retired National Football League Players

American Journal of Cardiology

Volumn 101, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 1281-1284

  Miller, Marc A ^a   Croft, Lori B ^a   Belanger, Adam R ^a   Romero Corral, Abel ^b   Somers, Virend K ^b   Roberts, Arthur J ^c   Goldman, Martin E ^a  

^a MOUNT SINAI MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^c Living Heart Foundation   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; FOOTBALL; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MORTALITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETIREMENT; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR;

BODY MASS INDEX; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FOOTBALL; HUMANS; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; RETIREMENT; RISK ASSESSMENT; UNITED STATES;

EID: 43049167561     PISSN: 00029149     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.12.029     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Baron S., and Rinsky R. NIOSH Mortality Study of NFL Football Players: 1959-1988 (1994), Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati 13
2. Wong N.D., Sciammarella M.G., Polk D., Gallagher A., Miranda-Peats L., Whitcomb B., Hachamovitch R., Friedman J.D., Hayes S., and Berman D.S. The metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by coronary calcium. J Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 1547-1553
3. Ogden C.L., Carroll M.D., Curtin L.R., McDowell M.A., Tabak C.J., and Flegal K.M. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 295 (2006) 1549-1555
4. Jebb S.A., Cole T.J., Doman D., Murgatroyd P.R., and Prentice A.M. Evaluation of the novel Tanita body-fat analyser to measure body composition by comparison with a four-compartment model. Br J Nutr 83 (2000) 115-122
5. Gallagher D., Heymsfield S.B., Heo M., Jebb S.A., Murgatroyd P.R., and Sakamoto Y. Healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index. Am J Clin Nutr 72 (2000) 694-701
6. Alberti K.G., Zimmet P., and Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome-a new world-wide definition. A consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med 23 (2006) 469-480
7. Wilson P.W., D'Agostino R.B., Parise H., Sullivan L., and Meigs J.B. Metabolic syndrome as a precursor of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation 112 (2005) 3066-3072
8. Gami A.S., Witt B.J., Howard D.E., Erwin P.J., Gami L.A., Somers V.K., and Montori V.M. Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident cardiovascular events and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 49 (2007) 403-414
9. Dekker J.M., Girman C., Rhodes T., Nijpels G., Stehouwer C.D., Bouter L.M., and Heine R.J. Metabolic syndrome and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in the Hoorn Study. Circulation 112 (2005) 666-673
10. Ford E.S., Giles W.H., and Dietz W.H. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 287 (2002) 356-359
11. Kraemer W.J., Torine J.C., Silvestre R., French D.N., Ratamess N.A., Spiering B.A., Hatfield D.L., Vingren J.L., and Volek J.S. Body size and composition of National Football League players. J Strength Cond Res 19 (2005) 485-489
12. Romero-Corral A., Somers V.K., Sierra-Johnson J., Jensen M.D., Thomas R.J., Squires R.W., Allison T.G., Korinek J., and Lopez-Jimenez F. Diagnostic performance of body mass index to detect obesity in patients with coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 28 (2007) 2087-2093
13. Hanley A.J., Karter A.J., Williams K., Festa A., D'Agostino Jr. R.B., Wagenknecht L.E., and Haffner S.M. Prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus with alternative definitions of the metabolic syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Circulation 112 (2005) 3713-3721
14. Ritchie J.D., Miller C.K., and Smiciklas-Wright H. Tanita foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analysis system validated in older adults. J Am Diet Assoc 105 (2005) 1617-1619
15. Hartgens F., and Kuipers H. Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids in athletes. Sports Med 34 (2004) 513-554
16. Maron B.J., Araujo C.G., Thompson P.D., Fletcher G.F., de Luna A.B., Fleg J.L., Pelliccia A., Balady G.J., Furlanello F., Van Camp S.P., Elosua R., Chaitman B.R., and Bazzarre T.L. Recommendations for preparticipation screening and the assessment of cardiovascular disease in masters athletes: an advisory for healthcare professionals from the working groups of the World Heart Federation, the International Federation of Sports Medicine, and the American Heart Association Committee on Exercise, Cardiac Rehabilitation, and Prevention. Circulation 103 (2001) 327-334
17. Maron B.J., Douglas P.S., Graham T.P., Nishimura R.A., and Thompson P.D. Task Force 1: preparticipation screening and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in athletes. J Am Coll Cardiol 45 (2005) 1322-1326
18. Snow T.K., Millard-Stafford M., and Rosskopf L.B. Body composition profile of NFL football players. J Strength Cond Res 12 (1998) 146-149
19. Harp J.B., and Hecht L. Obesity in the National Football League. JAMA 293 (2005) 1061-1062
20. Grundy S.M., Cleeman J.I., Daniels S.R., Donato K.A., Eckel R.H., Franklin B.A., Gordon D.J., Krauss R.M., Savage P.J., Smith Jr. S.C., Spertus J.A., and Costa F. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation 112 (2005) 2735-2752
21. Laurson K.R., and Eisenmann J.C. Prevalence of overweight among high school football linemen. JAMA 297 (2007) 363-364
22. Malina R.M., Morano P.J., Barron M., Miller S.J., Cumming S.P., Kontos A.P., and Little B.B. Overweight and obesity among youth participants in American football. J Pediatr 151 (2007) 378-382