Spasm, nutcracker, and IEM: Real or manometry findings?

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

Volumn 42, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 647-651

  Konturek, Thomas ^a   Lembo, Anthony ^a,b  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Diffuse esophageal spasm; Esophageal motility; Ineffective esophageal motility; Nutcracker esophagus

Indexed keywords

CONFERENCE PAPER; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DYNAMICS; ESOPHAGUS DISEASE; ESOPHAGUS SPASM; HIGH AMPLITUDE PERISTALTIC ESOPHAGEAL CONTRACTION; HUMAN; INEFFECTIVE ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY; LIQUID; LOWER ESOPHAGUS SPHINCTER; MANOMETRY; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SWALLOWING; SYMPTOM; VOLUNTEER;

DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; ESOPHAGEAL SPASM, DIFFUSE; ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER, LOWER; GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY; HUMANS; MANOMETRY; PRESSURE;

EID: 42449158961     PISSN: 01920790     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181646d19     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (77)

1. Richter JE, Wu WC, Johns DN, et al. Esophageal manometry in 95 healthy adult volunteers. Variability of pressures with age and frequency of "abnormal" contractions. Dig Dis Sci. 1987;32:583-592.
2. Spechler SJ, Castell DO. Classification of oesophageal motility abnormalities. Gut. 2001;49:145-151.
3. Tutuian R, Castell DO. Esophageal motility disorders (distal esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter): modern management. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2006;9:283-294.
4. Osgood H. A peculiar form of esophagismus. Boston Med Surg J. 1889;120:401-403.
5. Osler W. Oesophagismus. In: Osler W, ed. Principles and Practice of Medicine. New York, NY: D Appleton and Co.; 1892:329.
6. Moersch HJ, Camp JD. Diffuse spasm of the lower part of the esophagus. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1934;43:1165-1171.
7. Creamer B, Donoghue E, Code CF. Pattern of esophageal motility in diffuse spasm. Gastroenterology. 1958;34:782-796.
8. Fleshler B. Diffuse esophageal spasm. Gastroenterology. 1967;52:559-564.
9. Kahrilas P, Pandolfino JE. Motility disorders of the esophagus. In: Yamada T, ed. Textbook of Gastroenterology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003:1165-1195.
10. Sperandio M, Tutuian R, Gideon RM, et al. Diffuse esophageal spasm: not diffuse but distal esophageal spasm (DES). Dig Dis Sci. 2003;48:1380-1384.
11. McCord GS, Staiano A, Clouse RE. Achalasia, diffuse spasm and non-specific motor disorders. Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol. 1991;5:307-335.
12. Millaire A, Ducloux G, Marquand A, et al. Nitroglycerin and angina with angiographically normal coronary vessels. Clinical effects and effects on esophageal motility. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1989;82:63-68.
13. Milov DE, Cynamon HA, Andres JM. Chest pain and dysphagia in adolescents caused by diffuse esophageal spasm. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1989;9:450-453.
14. Katz PO, Dalton CB, Richter JE, et al. Esophageal testing of patients with noncardiac chest pain or dysphagia. Results of three years' experience with 1161 patients. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:593-597.
15. Dalton CB, Castell DO, Hewson EG, et al. Diffuse esophageal spasm. A rare motility disorder not characterized by high-amplitude contractions. Dig Dis Sci. 1991;36:1025-1028.
16. Clouse RE, Lustman PJ. Psychiatric illness and contraction abnormalities of the esophagus. N Engl J Med. 1983;309:1337-1342.
17. Pandolfino JE, Kahrilas PJ. AGA technical review on the clinical use of esophageal manometry. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:209-224.
18. Achem SR, Benjamin SB. Esophageal dysmotility (spastic dysmotility). In: Castell DO, ed. The Esophagus. Boston, MA: Little, Brown; 1995:247-268.
19. Barham CP, Gotley DC, Fowler A, et al. Diffuse oesophageal spasm: diagnosis by ambulatory 24 hour manometry. Gut. 1997;41:151-155.
20. Allen ML, DiMarino AJ Jr. Manometric diagnosis of diffuse esophageal spasm. Dig Dis Sci. 1996;41:1346-1349.
21. Srinivasan R, Peghini P, Katz P, et al. Diffuse esophageal spasm includes two distinct subgroups of patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997;92:1604-1607.
22. Conklin JL, Murray J, Ledlow A, et al. Effects of recombinant human hemoglobin on motor functions of the opossum esophagus. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1995;273:762-767.
23. Murray JA, Ledlow A, Launspach J, et al. The effects of recombinant human hemoglobin on esophageal motor functions in humans. Gastroenterology. 1995;109:1241-1248.
24. Konturek JW, Thor P, Lukaszyk A, et al. Endogenous nitric oxide in the control of esophageal motility in humans. J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997;48:201-209.
25. Mittal RK, Kassab G, Puckett JL, et al. Hypertrophy of the muscularis propria of the lower esophageal sphincter and the body of the esophagus in patients with primary motility disorders of the esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98:1705-1712.
26. Vantrappen G, Janssens J, Hellemans J, et al. Achalasia, diffuse esophageal spasm, and related motility disorders. Gastroenterology. 1979;76:450-457.
27. Kramer P, Harris LD, Donaldson RM Jr. Transition from symptomatic diffuse spasm to cardiospasm. Gut. 1967;8:115-119.
28. Balaban DH, Yamamoto Y, Liu J, et al. Sustained esophageal contraction: a marker of esophageal chest pain identified by intraluminal ultrasonography. Gastroenterology. 1999;116:29-37.
29. Cannon RO III, Cattau EL Jr, Yakshe PN, et al. Coronary flow reserve, esophageal motility, and chest pain in patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. Am J Med. 1990;88:217-222.
30. Barish CF, Castell DO, Richter JE. Graded esophageal balloon distention. A new provocative test for noncardiac chest pain. Dig Dis Sci. 1986;31:1292-1298.
31. Richter JE, Barish CF, Castell DO. Abnormal sensory perception in patients with esophageal chest pain. Gastroenterology. 1986;91:845-852.
32. Rao SS, Gregersen H, Hayek B, et al. Unexplained chest pain: the hypersensitive, hyperreactive, and poorly compliant esophagus. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124:950-958.
33. Brand DL, Martin D, Pope CE. Esophageal manometrics in patients with angina-like chest. Dig Dis Sci. 1977;22:300-304.
34. Benjamin SB, Castell DO. The "nutcracker esophagus" and the spectrum of esophageal motor disorders. Curr Concepts Gastroenterol. 1980:5:3-6.
35. Benjamin SB, Gerhardt DC, Castell DO. High amplitude, peristaltic esophageal contractions associated with chest pain and/or dysphagia. Gastroenterology. 1979;77:478-483.
36. Orr WC, Robinson MG. Hypertensive peristalsis in the pathogenesis of chest pain: further exploration of the "nutcracker" esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 1982;77:604-607.
37. Traube M, Albibi R, McCallum RW. High-amplitude peristaltic esophageal contractions associated with chest pain. JAMA. 1983;250:2655-2659.
38. Herrington JP, Burns TW, Balart LA. Chest pain and dysphagia in patients with prolonged peristaltic contractile duration of the esophagus. Dig Dis Sci. 1984;29:134-140.
39. Kahrilas PJ. Nutcracker esophagus: an idea whose time has gone? Am J Gastroenterology. 1993;88:167-169.
40. Castell DO, Richter JE. Clinical importance of nutcracker esophagus. In: Barry B, Anne S, eds. The Esophagus. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:222.
41. Achem SR, Kolts BE, Wears R, et al. Chest pain associated with nutcracker esophagus: a preliminary study of the role of gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88:187-192.
42. Agrawal A, Hila A, Tutuian R, et al. Clinical relevance of the nutcracker esophagus: suggested revision of criteria for diagnosis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006;40:504-509.
43. BorjessonM, Pilhall M, Rolny P, et al. Gastroesophageal acid reflux in patients with nutcracker esophagus. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001;36:916-920.
44. Borjesson M, Rolny P, Mannheimer C, et al. Nutcracker oesophagus: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study of the effects of lansoprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;18:1129-1135.
45. Csendes A, Carcamo C, Henriquez A. Nutcracker esophagus. Analysis of 80 patients. Rev Med Chil. 2004;132:160-164.
46. Silva LF, de Oliveira Lemme EM. Are there any differences between nutcracker esophagus with and without reflux? Dysphagia. 2007;22:245-250.
47. Paterson WG, Beck IT, Da Costa LR. Transition from nutcracker esophagus to achalasia. A case report. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1991;13:554-558.
48. Anggiansah A, Bright NF, McCullagh M, et al. Transition from nutcracker esophagus to achalasia. Dig Dis Sci. 1990;35:1162-1166.
49. Khatami SS, Khandwala F, Shay SS, et al. Does diffuse esophageal spasm progress to achalasia? A prospective cohort study. Dig Dis Sci. 2005;50:1605-1610.
50. Narducci F, Bassotti G, Gaburri M, et al. Transition from nutcracker esophagus to diffuse esophageal spasm. Am J Gastroenterol. 1985;80:242-244.
51. Dalton CB, Castell DO, Richter JE. The changing faces of the nutcracker esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 1988;83:623-628.
52. Leite LP, Johnston BT, Barrett J, et al. Ineffective esophageal motility (IEM): the primary finding in patients with nonspecific esophageal motility disorder. Dig Dis Sci. 1997;42:1859-1865.
53. Kaye MD. Dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter in disorders other than achalasia. Am J Dig Dis. 1973;18:734-745.
54. Hogan WJ, Caflisch CR, Winship DH. Unclassified oesophageal motor disorders simulating achalasia. Gut. 1969;10:234-240.
55. Clouse RE, Staiano A. Contraction abnormalities of the esophageal body in patients referred to manometry. A new approach to manometric classification. Dig Dis Sci. 1983;28:784-791.
56. Castell DO. Shortened relaxation of the LES. Primary motility of the esophagus. 450 questions. 450 answers. In: Giuli R, McCallum R, Skinner D, eds. Primary Motility Disorders of the Esophagus. London: John Libbey; 1991.
57. Benjamin SB, Castell DO. Esophageal causes of chest pain. In: Castell DO, Johnson LF, eds. Esophageal Function in Health and Disease. New York, NY: Elsevier Science; 1983.
58. Ho SC, Chang CS, Wu CY, et al. Ineffective esophageal motility is a primary motility disorder in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2002;47:652-656.
59. Diener U, Patti MG, Molena D, et al. Esophageal dysmotility and gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Gastrointest Surg. 2001;5:260-265.
60. Fouad YM, Katz PO, Hatlebakk JG, et al. Ineffective esophageal motility: the most common motility abnormality in patients with GERD-associated respiratory symptoms. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94:1464-1467.
61. Vinjirayer E, Gonzalez B, Brensinger C, et al. Ineffective motility is not a marker for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98:771-776.
62. Eastwood GL, Castell DO, Higgs RH. Experimental esophagitis in cats impairs lower esophageal sphincter pressure. Gastroenterology. 1975;69:146-153.
63. Kahrilas PJ, Dodds WJ, Hogan WJ, et al. Esophageal peristaltic dysfunction in peptic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 1986;91:897-904.
64. Timmer R, Breumelhof R, Nadorp JH, et al. Oesophageal motility and gastro-oesophageal reflux before and after healing of reflux oesophagitis. A study using 24 hour ambulatory pH and pressure monitoring. Gut. 1994;35:1519-1522.
65. Collins SM. The immunomodulation of enteric neuromuscular function: implications for motility and inflammatory disorders. Gastroenterology. 1996;111:1683-1699.
66. Kern F Jr, Almy TP, Abbot FK, et al. The motility of the distal colon in nonspecific ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1951;19:492-503.
67. Rieder F, Cheng L, Harnett KM, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux disease-associated esophagitis induces endogenous cytokine production leading to motor abnormalities. Gastroenterology. 2007;132:154-165.
68. Cao W, Cheng L, Behar J, et al. Proinflammatory cytokines alter/reduce esophageal circular muscle contraction in experimental cat esophagitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004;287:G1131-G1139.
69. Zhang X, Geboes K, Depoortere I, et al. Effect of repeated cycles of acute esophagitis and healing on esophageal peristalsis, tone, and length. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005;288:G1339-G1346.
70. Liebermann-Meffert D, Klaus D, Vosmeer S, et al. Effect of intraesophageal bile and acid (HCl) perfusion on the action of the lower esophageal sphincter. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1984;92:237-241.
71. Shirazi S, Schulze-Delrieu K, Custer-Hagen T, et al. Motility changes in opossum esophagus from experimental esophagitis. Dig Dis Sci. 1989;34:1668-1676.
72. Fibbe C, Layer P, Keller J, et al. Esophageal motility in reflux disease before and after fundoplication: a prospective, randomized, clinical, and manometric study. Gastroenterology. 2001;121:5-14.
73. Tabatabaei S, McDougal WS. Primary skin closure of large groin defects after inguinal lymphadenectomy for penile cancer using an abdominal cutaneous advancement flap. J Urol. 2003;169:118-120.
74. Kahrilas PJ, Dodds WJ, Hogan WJ. Effect of peristaltic dysfunction on esophageal volume clearance. Gastroenterology. 1988;94:73-80.
75. Tutuian R, Castell DO. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and manometry clarifies esophageal function abnormalities: study in 350 patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;99:1011-1019.
76. Tutuian R, Castell DO. Clarification of the esophageal function defect in patients with manometric ineffective esophageal motility: studies using combined impedance-manometry. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;2:230-236.
77. Nguyen NQ, Tippett M, Smout AJ, et al. Relationship between pressure wave amplitude and esophageal bolus clearance assessed by combined manometry and multichannel intraluminal impedance measurement. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:2476-2484.