Appearance of melanocytic nevi on the backs of young Australian children: A 7-year longitudinal study

Melanoma Research

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 22-28

  Milne, Elizabeth ^a   Simpson, Julie A ^b,c   English, Dallas R ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^c CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY CENTRE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Children; Melanoma; Nevi

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; CANCER PREVENTION; CANCER RISK; CHILD; CHILD CARE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EYE COLOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; LENTIGO; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; MELANOCYTIC NEVUS; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; BACK; CLINICAL TRIAL; COHORT ANALYSIS; FOLLOW UP; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MELANOMA; MELANOSIS; MULTICENTER STUDY; PATHOLOGY; PIGMENTED NEVUS; SKIN PIGMENTATION; SKIN TUMOR;

AUSTRALIA; BACK; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MELANOMA; MELANOSIS; NEVUS, PIGMENTED; RISK FACTORS; SKIN NEOPLASMS; SKIN PIGMENTATION;

EID: 42449114152     PISSN: 09608931     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0b013e3282f20192     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Armstrong BK, English DR. Cutaneous malignant melanoma. In: Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF Jr, editors. Cancer epidemiology and prevention. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 1996. pp. 1282-1312.
2. Green A, Siskind V, Hansen ME, Hanson L, Leech P. Melanocytic nevi in school children in Queensland. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 20:1054-1060.
3. Sigg C, Pelloni F. Frequency of acquired melanonevocytic nevi and their relationship to skin complexion in 939 schoolchildren. Dermatologica 1989; 179:123-128.
4. Gallagher R, McLean D, Yang C, Coldman A, Silver H, Spinelli J, et al. Suntan, sunburn, and pigmentation factors and the frequency of acquired melanocytic nevi in children. Similarities to melanoma: the Vancouver Mole Study. Arch Dermatol 1990; 126:770-776.
5. Sorahan T, Ball PM, Grimley RP, Pope D. Benign pigmented nevi in children from Kidderminster, England: prevalence and associated factors. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990; 22:747-750.
6. Coombs BD, Sharples KJ, Cooke KR, Skegg DC, Elwood JM. Variation and covariates of the number of benign nevi in adolescents. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 136:344-355.
7. Pope DJ, Sorahan T, Marsden JR, Ball PM, Grimley RP, Peck IM. Benign pigmented nevi in children. Prevalence and associated factors: the West Midlands, United Kingdom Mole Study. Arch Dermatol 1992; 128:1201-1206.
8. Fritschi L, McHenry P, Green A, Mackie R, Green L, Siskind V. Naevi in schoolchildren in Scotland and Australia. Br J Dermatol 1994; 130:599-603.
9. Harrison SL, MacLennan R, Speare R, Wronski I. Sun exposure and melanocytic naevi in young Australian children. Lancet 1994; 344: 1529-1532.
10. Kelly JW, Rivers JK, MacLennan R, Harrison S, Lewis AE, Tate BJ. Sunlight: a major factor associated with the development of melanocytic nevi in Australian school children. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994; 30:40-48.
11. Daurès J, Sancho-Garnier H, Pourrin-Bourdonneau C, Fissier M, Arnaud C, Grabbar S, et al. Melanocytic naevi in children: demographic, environmental and congenital factors. Early results. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 1995; 43:461-469.
12. Enta T, Kwan TY. Melanocytic nevi in sun-protected Canadian Hutterite children. Arch Dermatol 1998; 134:379-381.
13. Graham A, Fuller A, Murphy M, Jones M, Forman D, Swerdlow AJ. Maternal and child constitutional factors and the frequency of melanocytic naevi in children. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 1999; 13:316-324.
14. McGregor B, Pfitzner J, Zhu G, Grace M, Eldridge A, Pearson J, et al. Genetic and environmental contributions to size, color, shape, and other characteristics of melanocytic naevi in a sample of adolescent twins. Genet Epidemiol 1999; 16:40-53.
15. Azizi E, Iscovich J, Pavlotsky F, Shafir R, Luria I, Federenko L, et al. Use of sunscreen is linked with elevated naevi counts in Israeli school children and adolescents. Melanoma Res 2000; 10:491-498.
16. Carli P, Naldi L, Lovati S, La Vecchia C. The density of melanocytic nevi correlates with constitutional variables and history of sunburns: a prevalence study among Italian schoolchildren. Int J Cancer 2002; 101:375-379.
17. Dulon M, Weichenthal M, Blettner M, Breitbart M, Hetzer M, Greinert R, et al. Sun exposure and number of nevi in 5-6-year-old European children. J Clin Epidemiol 2002; 55:1075-1081.
18. Wiecker TS, Luther H, Buettner P, Bauer J, Garbe C. Moderate sun exposure and nevus counts in parents are associated with development of melanocytic nevi in childhood: a risk factor study in 1812 kindergarten children. Cancer 2003; 97:628-638.
19. Autier P, Severi G, Pedeux R, Cattaruzza MS, Boniol M, Grivegnee A, et al. Number and size of nevi are influenced by different sun exposure components: implications for the etiology of cutaneous melanoma (Belgium, Germany, France, Italy). Cancer Caus Cont 2003; 14:453-459.
20. Pfahlberg A, Uter W, Kraus C, Wienecke WR, Reulbach U, Kolmel KF, et al. Monitoring of nevus density in children as a method to detect shifts in melanoma risk in the population. Prev Med 2004; 38:382-387.
21. Synnerstad I, Nilsson L, Fredrikson M, Rosdahl I. Frequency and distribution pattern of melanocytic naevi in Swedish 8-9-year-old children. Acta Derm Venereol 2004; 84:271-276.
22. Bauer J, Buttner P, Wiecker TS, Luther H, Garbe C. Effect of sunscreen and clothing on the number of melanocytic nevi in 1812 German children attending day care. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 161:620-627.
23. Valiukeviciene S, Miseviciene I, Gollnick H. The prevalence of common acquired melanocytic nevi and the relationship with skin type characteristics and sun exposure among children in Lithuania. Arch Dermatol 2005; 141:579-586.
24. Wachsmuth RC, Turner F, Barrett JH, Gaut R, Randerson-Moor JA, Bishop DT, et al. The effect of sun exposure in determining nevus density in UK adolescent twins. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 124:56-62.
25. Whiteman DC, Brown RM, Purdie DM, Hughes MC. Melanocytic nevi in very young children: the role of phenotype, sun exposure, and sun protection. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52:40-47.
26. Gefeller O, Tarantino J, Lederer P, Uter W, Pfahlberg AB. The relation between patterns of vacation sun exposure and the development of acquired melanocytic nevi in German children 6-7 years of age. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 165:1162-1169.
27. Kallas M, Rosdahl I, Fredriksson M, Synnerstad I. Frequency and distribution pattern of melanocytic naevi in Estonian children and the influence of atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2006; 20:143-148.
28. Rodvall Y, Wahlgren C, Ullen H, Wiklund K. Common melanocytic nevi in 7-year-old schoolchildren residing at different latitudes in Sweden. Cancer Epi Bio Prev 2007; 16:122-127.
29. Luther H, Altmeyer P, Garbe C, Ellwanger U, Jahn S, Hoffmann K, et al. Increase of melanocytic nevus counts in children during 5 years of follow-up and analysis of associated factors. Arch Dermatol 1996; 132:1473-1478.
30. Harrison SL, MacKie RM, MacLennan R. Development of melanocytic nevi in the first three years of life. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92:1436-1438.
31. Darlington S, Siskind V, Green L, Green A. Longitudinal study of melanocytic nevi in adolescents. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002; 46:715-722.
32. Bauer J, Buttner P, Wiecker TS, Luther H, Garbe C. Risk factors of incident melanocytic nevi: a longitudinal study in a cohort of 1232 young German children. Int J Cancer 2005; 115:121-126.
33. English D, Armstrong B. Melanocytic nevi in children II. Observer variation in counting nevi. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 139:402-407.
34. Milne E, English DR, Cross D, Corti B, Costa C, Johnston R. Evaluation of an intervention to reduce sun exposure in children: design and baseline results. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150:164-173.
35. English D, Milne E, Simpson J. Sun protection and the development of melanocytic nevi in children. Cancer Epi Biol Prev 2005; 14:2873-2876.
36. English D, Armstrong B. Melanocytic nevi in children I. Anatomic sites and demographic and host factors. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 139:390-401.
37. Dubin N, Moseson M, Pasternack BS. Epidemiology of malignant melanoma: pigmentary traits, ultraviolet radiation and the identification of high risk populations. In: Gallagher R, editor. Epidemiology of malignant melanoma. New York: Springer-Verlag NY Inc.; 1986. pp. 56-75.
38. Mosteller RD. Simplified calculation of body-surface area. N Engl J Med 1987; 317:1098.
39. Lund CC, Browder NC. The estimation of areas of burns. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1944; 79:352-358.
40. StataCorp. Stata statistical software: release 9. College Station, Texas: StataCorp; 2005.
41. English D, Milne E, Simpson J. Ultraviolet radiation at places of residence and the development of melanocytic nevi in children (Australia). Cancer Caus Cont 2006; 17:103-107.
42. Bauer J, Buttner P, Wiecker TS, Luther H, Garbe C. Interventional study in 1232 young German children to prevent the development of melanocytic nevi failed to change sun exposure and sun protective behavior. Int J Cancer 2005; 116:755-761.
43. Gallus S, Naldi L, Carli P, La Vecchia C. Nevus count on specific anatomic sites as a predictor of total body count: a survey of 3406 children from Italy. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 166:472-478.