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Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 315-319

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Epidemiology update

Author keywords

Gadodiamide; Gadolinium; Prevalence

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; CALCIUM PHOSPHATE; ERYTHROPOIETIN; GADODIAMIDE; GADOLINIUM; GADOLINIUM CHELATE; GADOLINIUM PENTETATE; GADOLINIUM PENTETATE MEGLUMINE; PHOSPHATE; SODIUM THIOSULFATE;

EID: 42149172557     PISSN: 10624821     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MNH.0b013e3282f4b605     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (33)

References (37)
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    • Grobner T. Gadolinium: a specific trigger for the development of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21:1104-1108. The first small study that suggested a link between GdBCA and NSF. Note that the contrast agent was falsely presented as Gd-DTPA. It was actually Gd-DTPA-BMA or gadodiamide.
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    • Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Suspected causative role of gadodiamide used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
    • A larger study confirmed the link between gadodiamide and NSF, giving more details on exposure levels, and the clinical course of the disease. It contains the first preliminary estimate of NSF risk after gadodiamide in patients with end-stage renal disease
    • Marckmann P, Skov L, Rossen K, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: suspected causative role of gadodiamide used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17:2359-2362. A larger study confirmed the link between gadodiamide and NSF, giving more details on exposure levels, and the clinical course of the disease. It contains the first preliminary estimate of NSF risk after gadodiamide in patients with end-stage renal disease.
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    • Collidge TA, Thomson PC, Mark PB, et al. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: retrospective study of a renal replacement therapy cohort. Radiology 2007; 245:168-175. This contains detailed and relevant information about 14 patients with NSF and confirms the causative role of gadodiamide, a dose-response relationship, and presents a NSF risk estimate.
    • Collidge TA, Thomson PC, Mark PB, et al. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: retrospective study of a renal replacement therapy cohort. Radiology 2007; 245:168-175. This contains detailed and relevant information about 14 patients with NSF and confirms the causative role of gadodiamide, a dose-response relationship, and presents a NSF risk estimate.
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    • Saussereau E, Lacroix C, Cattaneo A, et al. Hair and fingernail gadolinium ICP-MS contents in an overdose case associated with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Forensic Sci Int 2007; Nov 3 [Epub ahead of print]. This is the first case report demonstrating gadolinium accumulation in blood, nails, and hair in a patient with NSF.
    • Saussereau E, Lacroix C, Cattaneo A, et al. Hair and fingernail gadolinium ICP-MS contents in an overdose case associated with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Forensic Sci Int 2007; Nov 3 [Epub ahead of print]. This is the first case report demonstrating gadolinium accumulation in blood, nails, and hair in a patient with NSF.
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    • Description of 12 cases of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and review of the literature
    • This is a comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations of NSF
    • Mendoza FA, Artlett CM, Sandorfi N, et al. Description of 12 cases of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and review of the literature. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2006; 35:238-249. This is a comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations of NSF.
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    • This contains an NSF estimate, but is based on only three NSF cases. It presents the first patient with nongadodiamide-related NSF
    • Deo A, Fogel M, Cowper SE. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a population study examining the relationship of disease development to gadolinium exposure. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 2:264-267. This contains an NSF estimate, but is based on only three NSF cases. It presents the first patient with nongadodiamide-related NSF.
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    • This is the first larger series of patients with NSF in which gadopentetate dimeglumine was the causative agent. It presents an alarmingly high estimate of NSF risk after this specific GdBCA
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    • This describes the first Spanish gadodiamide-related NSF cases
    • Moreno-Romero JA, Segura S, Mascaro JM, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a case series suggesting gadolinium as a possible aetiological factor. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:783-787. This describes the first Spanish gadodiamide-related NSF cases.
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    • The authors provide important details of patients with NSF, an NSF risk estimate, supportive evidence for a dose-response relationship, and a comprehensive discussion section
    • Broome DR, Girguis MS, Baron PW, et al. Gadodiamide-associated nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: why radiologists should be concerned. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007; 188:586-592. The authors provide important details of patients with NSF, an NSF risk estimate, supportive evidence for a dose-response relationship, and a comprehensive discussion section.
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    • The authors highlight the differences in physicochemical properties between different GdBCAs
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    • Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy associated with exposure to gadolinium-containing contrast agents: St. Louis, Missouri, 2002-2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2007; 56:137-141. This is a preliminary report of 28 NSF cases and case-control comparisons.
    • Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy associated with exposure to gadolinium-containing contrast agents: St. Louis, Missouri, 2002-2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2007; 56:137-141. This is a preliminary report of 28 NSF cases and case-control comparisons.
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    • Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Risk factors and incidence estimation
    • The authors confirm the causative role of gadodiamide, and provide risk estimates
    • Sadowski EA, Bennett LK, Chan MR, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: risk factors and incidence estimation. Radiology 2007; 243:148-157. The authors confirm the causative role of gadodiamide, and provide risk estimates.
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    • Sadowski, E.A.1    Bennett, L.K.2    Chan, M.R.3
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    • Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF): A late adverse reaction to some of the gadolinium based contrast agents
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    • Gadolinium is not the only trigger for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Insights from two cases and review of the recent literature
    • The authors present case stories implicating GdBCA-unrelated NSF
    • Wahba IM, Simpson EL, White K. Gadolinium is not the only trigger for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: insights from two cases and review of the recent literature. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:2425-2432. The authors present case stories implicating GdBCA-unrelated NSF.
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    • Gadolinium is detectable within the tissue of patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
    • This was one of two small patient series demonstrating gadolinium in the skin of patients with NSF
    • High WA, Ayers RA, Chandler J, et al. Gadolinium is detectable within the tissue of patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 56:21-26. This was one of two small patient series demonstrating gadolinium in the skin of patients with NSF.
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    • High, W.A.1    Ayers, R.A.2    Chandler, J.3
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    • Gadolinium deposition in nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy
    • This is one of two small patient series demonstrating gadolinium in the skin of patients with NSF
    • Boyd AS, Zic JA, Abraham JL. Gadolinium deposition in nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 56:27-30. This is one of two small patient series demonstrating gadolinium in the skin of patients with NSF.
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    • Boyd, A.S.1    Zic, J.A.2    Abraham, J.L.3
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    • Automated scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis for in situ quantification of gadolinium deposits in skin
    • Gadolinium was detected in all of a series of 57 skin biopsies from patients with NSF
    • Thakral C, Abraham JL. Automated scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis for in situ quantification of gadolinium deposits in skin. J Electron Microsc 2007; 56:181-187. Gadolinium was detected in all of a series of 57 skin biopsies from patients with NSF.
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    • Thakral, C.1    Abraham, J.L.2
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    • Dermal inorganic gadolinium concentrations: Evidence for in vivo transmetallation and long-term persistence in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
    • The authors present a hypothesis for tissue gadolinium kinetics explaining the delayed onset of NSF symptoms based on NSF skin biopsies taken from shortly up to several years after gadolinium exposure
    • Abraham JL, Thakral C, Skov L, et al. Dermal inorganic gadolinium concentrations: evidence for in vivo transmetallation and long-term persistence in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Br J Dermatol 2007; 158:273-280. The authors present a hypothesis for tissue gadolinium kinetics explaining the delayed onset of NSF symptoms based on NSF skin biopsies taken from shortly up to several years after gadolinium exposure.
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    • Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: A clinicopathologic study of six cases
    • This case series focused on dermatological and histological findings in GdBCA-related NSF
    • Pryor JG, Poggioli G, Galaria N, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a clinicopathologic study of six cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 57:105-111. This case series focused on dermatological and histological findings in GdBCA-related NSF.
    • (2007) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.57 , pp. 105-111
    • Pryor, J.G.1    Poggioli, G.2    Galaria, N.3
  • 34
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    • Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Center case review
    • The authors confirm the causative role of gadodiamide, investigate suggested cofactors, and give NSF risk estimate
    • Lauenstein T, Salman K, Morreira R, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: center case review. J Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 26:1198-1203. The authors confirm the causative role of gadodiamide, investigate suggested cofactors, and give NSF risk estimate.
    • (2007) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.26 , pp. 1198-1203
    • Lauenstein, T.1    Salman, K.2    Morreira, R.3
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    • Clinical manifestation of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
    • This paper presents a detailed systematic and longitudinal study of the clinical symptoms of 22 cases of gadodiamide-related NSF
    • Marckmann P, Skov L, Rossen K, Thomsen HS. Clinical manifestation of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Clin Nephrol 2008; 3:161-168. This paper presents a detailed systematic and longitudinal study of the clinical symptoms of 22 cases of gadodiamide-related NSF.
    • (2008) Clin Nephrol , vol.3 , pp. 161-168
    • Marckmann, P.1    Skov, L.2    Rossen, K.3    Thomsen, H.S.4
  • 36
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    • High prevalence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in chronic renal failure patients exposed to gadodiamide, a gadolinium-containing magnetic resonance contrast agent
    • The authors present NSF-prevalence estimates after gadodiamide exposure in a well defined cohort of patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency
    • Rydahl C, Thomsen HS, Marckmann P. High prevalence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in chronic renal failure patients exposed to gadodiamide, a gadolinium-containing magnetic resonance contrast agent. Invest Radiol 2008; 43:141-144. The authors present NSF-prevalence estimates after gadodiamide exposure in a well defined cohort of patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency.
    • (2008) Invest Radiol , vol.43 , pp. 141-144
    • Rydahl, C.1    Thomsen, H.S.2    Marckmann, P.3
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    • Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: A mysterious disease in patients with renal failure-role of gadolinium-based contrast media in causation and the beneficial effect of intravenous sodium thiosulfate
    • This is a promising case report with thorough discussion of the possibly beneficial impact of sodium thiosulphate
    • Yerram P, Saab G, Karuparthi PR, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a mysterious disease in patients with renal failure-role of gadolinium-based contrast media in causation and the beneficial effect of intravenous sodium thiosulfate. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 2:258-263. This is a promising case report with thorough discussion of the possibly beneficial impact of sodium thiosulphate.
    • (2007) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.2 , pp. 258-263
    • Yerram, P.1    Saab, G.2    Karuparthi, P.R.3


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