메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 23, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 615-626

Effects of structural and functional habitat gaps on breeding woodland birds: Working harder for less

Author keywords

Airborne LiDAR; ATM multi spectral; Blue tit; Energy expenditure; Great tit; Habitat quality; Habitat structure; Parkland; Reproductive success; Urban birds

Indexed keywords

BIOENERGETICS; BODY MASS; BREEDING POPULATION; BROOD SIZE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEEDING GROUND; GAP DYNAMICS; HABITAT QUALITY; HABITAT STRUCTURE; LIDAR; MONITORING; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SONGBIRD; WOODLAND;

EID: 42149172271     PISSN: 09212973     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10980-008-9225-8     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (69)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 0032786824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airborne laser scanning - Present status and future expectations
    • Ackermann F (1999) Airborne laser scanning - present status and future expectations. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 54:64-67
    • (1999) ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens , vol.54 , pp. 64-67
    • Ackermann, F.1
  • 2
    • 33750721340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of different tree and shrub species to wildlife
    • Alexander K, Butler J, Green T (2006) The value of different tree and shrub species to wildlife. Brit Wildl 18:18-28
    • (2006) Brit Wildl , vol.18 , pp. 18-28
    • Alexander, K.1    Butler, J.2    Green, T.3
  • 3
    • 0026498571 scopus 로고
    • Corvid density and nest predation in relation to forest fragmentation: A landscape perspective
    • Andrén H (1992) Corvid density and nest predation in relation to forest fragmentation: a landscape perspective. Ecology 73:794-804
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 794-804
    • Andrén, H.1
  • 6
    • 0026066149 scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific variation in avian energy expenditure: Correlates and constraints
    • Bryant DM, Tatner P (1991) Intraspecific variation in avian energy expenditure: correlates and constraints. Ibis 133:236-245
    • (1991) Ibis , vol.133 , pp. 236-245
    • Bryant, D.M.1    Tatner, P.2
  • 7
    • 0031906547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of food abundance, nest-site habitat, and forest fragmentation on breeding ovenbirds
    • Burke DM, Nol E (1998) Influence of food abundance, nest-site habitat, and forest fragmentation on breeding ovenbirds. Auk 115:96-104
    • (1998) Auk , vol.115 , pp. 96-104
    • Burke, D.M.1    Nol, E.2
  • 8
    • 0347948379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploitation of very high resolution satellite data for tree species identification
    • Carleer A, Wolff E (2004) Exploitation of very high resolution satellite data for tree species identification. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 70:135-140
    • (2004) Photogramm Eng Remote Sens , vol.70 , pp. 135-140
    • Carleer, A.1    Wolff, E.2
  • 9
    • 0023557967 scopus 로고
    • Breeding success of blue tits and great tits in suburban gardens
    • Cowie RJ, Hinsley SA (1987) Breeding success of blue tits and great tits in suburban gardens. Ardea 75:81-90
    • (1987) Ardea , vol.75 , pp. 81-90
    • Cowie, R.J.1    Hinsley, S.A.2
  • 10
    • 0025004369 scopus 로고
    • Avian basal metabolic rates: Their association with body composition and energy expenditure in nature
    • Daan S, Masman D, Groenewold A (1990) Avian basal metabolic rates: their association with body composition and energy expenditure in nature. Am J Physiol 259:333-340
    • (1990) Am J Physiol , vol.259 , pp. 333-340
    • Daan, S.1    Masman, D.2    Groenewold, A.3
  • 11
    • 0030304587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased daily work precipitates natural death in the kestrel
    • Daan S, Deerenberg C, Dijkstra C (1996) Increased daily work precipitates natural death in the kestrel. J Anim Ecol 65:539-544
    • (1996) J Anim Ecol , vol.65 , pp. 539-544
    • Daan, S.1    Deerenberg, C.2    Dijkstra, C.3
  • 12
    • 0031404728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gap crossing decisions by forest songbirds during the post-fledging period
    • Desrochers A, Hannon SJ (1997) Gap crossing decisions by forest songbirds during the post-fledging period. Conserv Biol 11:1204-1210
    • (1997) Conserv Biol , vol.11 , pp. 1204-1210
    • Desrochers, A.1    Hannon, S.J.2
  • 13
    • 0021533703 scopus 로고
    • Habitat and laying date of the Great Tit and Blue Tit (Parus major and Parus caeruleus)
    • Dhondt AA, Eyckerman R, Moermans R, Hublé J (1984) Habitat and laying date of the Great Tit and Blue Tit (Parus major and Parus caeruleus). Ibis 126:388-397
    • (1984) Ibis , vol.126 , pp. 388-397
    • Dhondt, A.A.1    Eyckerman, R.2    Moermans, R.3    Hublé, J.4
  • 14
    • 0030303907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breeding time, food supply and fitness components of Blue Tits Parus caeruleus in Mediterranean habitats
    • Dias PC, Blondel J (1996) Breeding time, food supply and fitness components of Blue Tits Parus caeruleus in Mediterranean habitats. Ibis 138:644-649
    • (1996) Ibis , vol.138 , pp. 644-649
    • Dias, P.C.1    Blondel, J.2
  • 15
    • 0025919138 scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity studies: Science and policy
    • Ehrlich PR, Wilson EO (1991) Biodiversity studies: science and policy. Science 253:758-762
    • (1991) Science , vol.253 , pp. 758-762
    • Ehrlich, P.R.1    Wilson, E.O.2
  • 16
    • 0028984006 scopus 로고
    • Effects of changes in agricultural landscape on a breeding population of linnets Acanthis cannabina L. living in adjacent heathland
    • Eybert MC, Constant P, Lefeuvre JC (1995) Effects of changes in agricultural landscape on a breeding population of linnets Acanthis cannabina L. living in adjacent heathland. Biol Conserv 74:195-202
    • (1995) Biol Conserv , vol.74 , pp. 195-202
    • Eybert, M.C.1    Constant, P.2    Lefeuvre, J.C.3
  • 17
    • 0031858398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating caterpillar density on trees by collection of frass droppings
    • Fischbacher M, Naef-Daenzer B, Naef-Daenzer L (1998) Estimating caterpillar density on trees by collection of frass droppings. Ardea 86:121-129
    • (1998) Ardea , vol.86 , pp. 121-129
    • Fischbacher, M.1    Naef-Daenzer, B.2    Naef-Daenzer, L.3
  • 18
    • 0028431071 scopus 로고
    • The Land Cover Map of Great Britain: An automated classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper data
    • Fuller RM, Groom GB, Jones AR (1994) The Land Cover Map of Great Britain: an automated classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper data. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 60:553-562
    • (1994) Photogramm Eng Remote Sens , vol.60 , pp. 553-562
    • Fuller, R.M.1    Groom, G.B.2    Jones, A.R.3
  • 19
    • 42149095427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten years of change: Woodland research at Monks Wood NNR, 1993-2003
    • Gardiner C, Sparks T (eds) Proceedings of the 50th anniversary symposium. English Nature, Peterborough
    • Gardiner C, Sparks T (eds) (2005) Ten years of change: woodland research at Monks Wood NNR, 1993-2003. In: Proceedings of the 50th anniversary symposium. English Nature Research Report 613. English Nature, Peterborough
    • (2005) English Nature Research Report 613
  • 22
    • 0030894556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and animals
    • Hammond KA, Diamond J (1997) Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and animals. Nature 386:457-462
    • (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 457-462
    • Hammond, K.A.1    Diamond, J.2
  • 23
    • 0027075304 scopus 로고
    • Is clutch size in birds affected by environmental conditions during growth?
    • Haywood S, Perrins CM (1992) Is clutch size in birds affected by environmental conditions during growth? Proc R Soc Lond B 249:195-197
    • (1992) Proc R Soc Lond B , vol.249 , pp. 195-197
    • Haywood, S.1    Perrins, C.M.2
  • 25
    • 0037053917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape modelling using integrated airborne multi-spectral and elevation data
    • Hill RA, Smith GM, Fuller RM, Veitch N (2002) Landscape modelling using integrated airborne multi-spectral and elevation data. Int J Remote Sens 23:2327-2334
    • (2002) Int J Remote Sens , vol.23 , pp. 2327-2334
    • Hill, R.A.1    Smith, G.M.2    Fuller, R.M.3    Veitch, N.4
  • 26
    • 8844240029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting habitat quality for Great Tits (Parus major) with airborne laser scanning data
    • Hill RA, Hinsley SA, Gaveau DLA, Bellamy PE (2004) Predicting habitat quality for Great Tits (Parus major) with airborne laser scanning data. Int J Remote Sens 25:4851-4855
    • (2004) Int J Remote Sens , vol.25 , pp. 4851-4855
    • Hill, R.A.1    Hinsley, S.A.2    Gaveau, D.L.A.3    Bellamy, P.E.4
  • 27
    • 0034521353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The costs of multiple patch use by birds
    • Hinsley SA (2000) The costs of multiple patch use by birds. Landsc Ecol 15:765-775
    • (2000) Landsc Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 765-775
    • Hinsley, S.A.1
  • 28
    • 85005578245 scopus 로고
    • Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus predation and feeding site selection by tits
    • Hinsley SA, Bellamy PE, Moss D (1995) Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus predation and feeding site selection by tits. Ibis 137:418-420
    • (1995) Ibis , vol.137 , pp. 418-420
    • Hinsley, S.A.1    Bellamy, P.E.2    Moss, D.3
  • 29
    • 0032858966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of woodland area on breeding success in Great Tits Parus major and Blue Tits Parus caeruleus
    • Hinsley SA, Rothery P, Bellamy PE (1999) Influence of woodland area on breeding success in Great Tits Parus major and Blue Tits Parus caeruleus. J Avian Biol 30:271-281
    • (1999) J Avian Biol , vol.30 , pp. 271-281
    • Hinsley, S.A.1    Rothery, P.2    Bellamy, P.E.3
  • 30
    • 33845380366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application of LiDAR in woodland bird ecology: Climate, canopy structure and habitat quality
    • Hinsley SA, Hill RA, Bellamy PE, Balzter H (2006) The application of LiDAR in woodland bird ecology: climate, canopy structure and habitat quality. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 72:1399-1406
    • (2006) Photogramm Eng Remote Sens , vol.72 , pp. 1399-1406
    • Hinsley, S.A.1    Hill, R.A.2    Bellamy, P.E.3    Balzter, H.4
  • 31
    • 0028183443 scopus 로고
    • Effects of local environmental conditions on nestling growth in the great tit Parus major L
    • Keller LF, van Noordwijk AJ (1994) Effects of local environmental conditions on nestling growth in the great tit Parus major L. Ardea 82:349-362
    • (1994) Ardea , vol.82 , pp. 349-362
    • Keller, L.F.1    Van Noordwijk, A.J.2
  • 32
    • 0021600976 scopus 로고
    • The number of species of insect associated with British trees: A re-analysis
    • Kennedy CEJ, Southwood TRE (1984) The number of species of insect associated with British trees: a re-analysis. J Anim Ecol 53:455-478
    • (1984) J Anim Ecol , vol.53 , pp. 455-478
    • Kennedy, C.E.J.1    Southwood, T.R.E.2
  • 36
    • 0026475792 scopus 로고
    • Selection on fledging mass in the Collared Flycatcher and the Great Tit
    • Lindén M, Gustafsson L, Pärt T (1992) Selection on fledging mass in the Collared Flycatcher and the Great Tit. Ecology 73:336-343
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 336-343
    • Lindén, M.1    Gustafsson, L.2    Pärt, T.3
  • 37
    • 0029102683 scopus 로고
    • Maximum energy intake rate is proportional to basal metabolic rate in passerine birds
    • Lindström Å, Kvist A (1995) Maximum energy intake rate is proportional to basal metabolic rate in passerine birds. Proc R Soc Lond B 261:337-343
    • (1995) Proc R Soc Lond B , vol.261 , pp. 337-343
    • Lindström A.̊1    Kvist, A.2
  • 38
    • 0023496778 scopus 로고
    • Selection on offspring size at independence and other size-versus-number strategies
    • Lloyd DG (1987) Selection on offspring size at independence and other size-versus-number strategies. Am Nat 129:800-817
    • (1987) Am Nat , vol.129 , pp. 800-817
    • Lloyd, D.G.1
  • 39
    • 0344962415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are certain habitats better every year? a review and case study on birds of prey
    • Lõhmus A (2003) Are certain habitats better every year? A review and case study on birds of prey. Ecography 26:545-552
    • (2003) Ecography , vol.26 , pp. 545-552
    • Lõhmus, A.1
  • 40
    • 0031811095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest edges and habitat selection in birds: A functional approach
    • McCollin D (1998) Forest edges and habitat selection in birds: a functional approach. Ecography 21:247-260
    • (1998) Ecography , vol.21 , pp. 247-260
    • McCollin, D.1
  • 41
    • 0030839206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass loss in breeding blue tits - The role of energetic stress
    • Merilä J, Wiggins DA (1997) Mass loss in breeding blue tits - the role of energetic stress. J Anim Ecol 66:452-460
    • (1997) J Anim Ecol , vol.66 , pp. 452-460
    • Merilä, J.1    Wiggins, D.A.2
  • 42
    • 0031692709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delineating forest canopy species in the northeastern United States using multi-temporal TM imagery
    • Mickelson JG, Civco DL, Silander JA (1998) Delineating forest canopy species in the northeastern United States using multi-temporal TM imagery. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 64:891-904
    • (1998) Photogramm Eng Remote Sens , vol.64 , pp. 891-904
    • Mickelson, J.G.1    Civco, D.L.2    Silander, J.A.3
  • 43
    • 0001677944 scopus 로고
    • Effects of urbanization on breeding bird community structure in southwestern desert habitats
    • Mills GS, Dunning JB, Bates JM (1989) Effects of urbanization on breeding bird community structure in southwestern desert habitats. Condor 91:416-428
    • (1989) Condor , vol.91 , pp. 416-428
    • Mills, G.S.1    Dunning, J.B.2    Bates, J.M.3
  • 44
    • 0028994930 scopus 로고
    • Differential response by males and females to brood manipulation in the Pied flycatcher: Energy expenditure and nestling diet
    • Moreno J, Cowie RJ, Sanz JJ, Williams RSR (1995) Differential response by males and females to brood manipulation in the Pied flycatcher: energy expenditure and nestling diet. J Anim Ecol 64:721-732
    • (1995) J Anim Ecol , vol.64 , pp. 721-732
    • Moreno, J.1    Cowie, R.J.2    Sanz, J.J.3    Williams, R.S.R.4
  • 45
    • 2342590151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical large-scale forest stand inventory using small-footprint airborne scanning laser
    • Næsett E. (2004). Practical large-scale forest stand inventory using small-footprint airborne scanning laser. Scand J Forest Res 19:164-179
    • (2004) Scand J Forest Res , vol.19 , pp. 164-179
    • Næsett, E.1
  • 46
    • 0033844784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch time allocation and patch sampling by foraging great and blue tits
    • Naef-Daenzer B (2000) Patch time allocation and patch sampling by foraging great and blue tits. Anim Behav 59:989-999
    • (2000) Anim Behav , vol.59 , pp. 989-999
    • Naef-Daenzer, B.1
  • 47
    • 24144438298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are hatching delays a cost or a benefit for Great Tit Parus major parents?
    • Naef-Daenzer L, Nager RG, Keller LF, Naef-Daenzer B (2004) Are hatching delays a cost or a benefit for Great Tit Parus major parents? Ardea 92:229-237
    • (2004) Ardea , vol.92 , pp. 229-237
    • Naef-Daenzer, L.1    Nager, R.G.2    Keller, L.F.3    Naef-Daenzer, B.4
  • 48
    • 0037158456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic consequences of hard work
    • Nilsson J-Å (2002) Metabolic consequences of hard work. Proc R Soc Lond B 269:1735-1739
    • (2002) Proc R Soc Lond B , vol.269 , pp. 1735-1739
    • Nilsson J.-A.̊1
  • 49
    • 0024531128 scopus 로고
    • Tree species preferences shown by foraging birds in forest plantations in northern England
    • Peck KM (1989) Tree species preferences shown by foraging birds in forest plantations in northern England. Biol Conserv 48:41-57
    • (1989) Biol Conserv , vol.48 , pp. 41-57
    • Peck, K.M.1
  • 51
    • 0025953266 scopus 로고
    • Tits and their caterpillar food supply
    • suppl 1
    • Perrins CM (1991). Tits and their caterpillar food supply. Ibis 133(suppl 1):49-54
    • (1991) Ibis , vol.133 , pp. 49-54
    • Perrins, C.M.1
  • 53
    • 0028975987 scopus 로고
    • Differences in reproductive success and parental qualities between habitats in the Great Tit Parus major
    • Riddington R, Gosler AG (1995) Differences in reproductive success and parental qualities between habitats in the Great Tit Parus major. Ibis 137:371-378
    • (1995) Ibis , vol.137 , pp. 371-378
    • Riddington, R.1    Gosler, A.G.2
  • 54
    • 0031826254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily energy expenditure during brood rearing of great tits (Parus major) in Northern Finland
    • Sanz JJ, Tinbergen JM, Orell M, Rytkönen S (1998) Daily energy expenditure during brood rearing of great tits (Parus major) in Northern Finland. Ardea 86:101-107
    • (1998) Ardea , vol.86 , pp. 101-107
    • Sanz, J.J.1    Tinbergen, J.M.2    Orell, M.3    Rytkönen, S.4
  • 55
    • 0344452022 scopus 로고
    • Niedriger Bruterfolg der Kohlmeise (Parus major) in städtischen Parks und Friedhöfen
    • Schmidt K-H, Steinbach J (1983) Niedriger Bruterfolg der Kohlmeise (Parus major) in städtischen Parks und Friedhöfen. J Ornithol 124:81-83
    • (1983) J Ornithol , vol.124 , pp. 81-83
    • Schmidt, K.-H.1    Steinbach, J.2
  • 56
    • 0042645730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in the timing of breeding between suburban and wildland Florida scrub jays: Do physiologic measures reflect different environments?
    • Marzluff JM, Bowman R, Donnelly R, (eds) Kluwer Academic Publishers
    • Schoech SJ, Bowman R (2001) Variation in the timing of breeding between suburban and wildland Florida scrub jays: do physiologic measures reflect different environments? In: Marzluff JM, Bowman R, Donnelly R, (eds) Avian ecology and conservation in an urbanizing world. Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 289-306
    • (2001) Avian Ecology and Conservation in An Urbanizing World , pp. 289-306
    • Schoech, S.J.1    Bowman, R.2
  • 57
    • 0028980436 scopus 로고
    • Costs and benefits of hatching asynchrony in blue tits Parus caeruleus
    • Slagsvold T, Amundsen T, Dale S (1995) Costs and benefits of hatching asynchrony in blue tits Parus caeruleus. J Anim Ecol 64:563-578
    • (1995) J Anim Ecol , vol.64 , pp. 563-578
    • Slagsvold, T.1    Amundsen, T.2    Dale, S.3
  • 59
    • 0031716222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The history and theory of the doubly labelled water technique
    • suppl
    • Speakman JR (1998) The history and theory of the doubly labelled water technique. Am J Clin Nutr 68(suppl):S932-S938
    • (1998) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.68
    • Speakman, J.R.1
  • 60
    • 13444279201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging flight distances as a measure of parental effort in blue tits Parus caeruleus differ with environmental conditions
    • Stauss MJ, Burkhardt JF, Tomiuk J (2005) Foraging flight distances as a measure of parental effort in blue tits Parus caeruleus differ with environmental conditions. J Avian Biol 36:47-56
    • (2005) J Avian Biol , vol.36 , pp. 47-56
    • Stauss, M.J.1    Burkhardt, J.F.2    Tomiuk, J.3
  • 61
    • 0035970824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetic and fitness costs of mismatching resource supply and demand in seasonally breeding birds
    • Thomas DW, Blondel J, Perret P, Lambrechts MM, Speakman JR (2001) Energetic and fitness costs of mismatching resource supply and demand in seasonally breeding birds. Science 291:2598-2600
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 2598-2600
    • Thomas, D.W.1    Blondel, J.2    Perret, P.3    Lambrechts, M.M.4    Speakman, J.R.5
  • 62
    • 0025682830 scopus 로고
    • Nestling weight and survival in individual great tits (Parus major)
    • Tinbergen JM, Boerlijst MC (1990) Nestling weight and survival in individual great tits (Parus major). J Anim Ecol 59:1113-1127
    • (1990) J Anim Ecol , vol.59 , pp. 1113-1127
    • Tinbergen, J.M.1    Boerlijst, M.C.2
  • 63
    • 0028162974 scopus 로고
    • Parental energy expenditure during brood rearing in the Great Tit (Parus major) in relation to body mass, temperature, food availability and clutch size
    • Tinbergen JM, Dietz MW (1994) Parental energy expenditure during brood rearing in the Great Tit (Parus major) in relation to body mass, temperature, food availability and clutch size. Funct Ecol 8:563-572
    • (1994) Funct Ecol , vol.8 , pp. 563-572
    • Tinbergen, J.M.1    Dietz, M.W.2
  • 64
    • 0034057042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fixed energetic ceiling to parental effort in the great tit?
    • Tinbergen JM, Verhulst S (2000) A fixed energetic ceiling to parental effort in the great tit? J Anim Ecol 69:323-334
    • (2000) J Anim Ecol , vol.69 , pp. 323-334
    • Tinbergen, J.M.1    Verhulst, S.2
  • 65
    • 0034054414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating spectral, spatial and terrain variables for forest ecosystem classification
    • Treitz P, Howarth P (2000) Integrating spectral, spatial and terrain variables for forest ecosystem classification. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 66:305-317
    • (2000) Photogramm Eng Remote Sens , vol.66 , pp. 305-317
    • Treitz, P.1    Howarth, P.2
  • 66
    • 1342330818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in blue tit breeding performance across gradients in habitat richness
    • Tremblay I, Thomas DW, Lambrechts MM, Blondel J, Perret P (2003) Variation in blue tit breeding performance across gradients in habitat richness. Ecology 84:3033-3043
    • (2003) Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 3033-3043
    • Tremblay, I.1    Thomas, D.W.2    Lambrechts, M.M.3    Blondel, J.4    Perret, P.5
  • 67
    • 13444262145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of habitat quality on foraging patterns, provisioning rate and nestling growth in Corsican Blue Tits Parus caeruleus
    • Tremblay I, Thomas DW, Blondel J, Perret P, Lambrechts MM (2005) The effect of habitat quality on foraging patterns, provisioning rate and nestling growth in Corsican Blue Tits Parus caeruleus. Ibis 147:17-24
    • (2005) Ibis , vol.147 , pp. 17-24
    • Tremblay, I.1    Thomas, D.W.2    Blondel, J.3    Perret, P.4    Lambrechts, M.M.5
  • 68
    • 0002027027 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of the breeding ecology of the Great Tit Parus major in different habitats
    • van Balen JH (1973) A comparative study of the breeding ecology of the Great Tit Parus major in different habitats. Ardea 61:1-93
    • (1973) Ardea , vol.61 , pp. 1-93
    • Van Balen, J.H.1
  • 70
    • 0030821802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clutch size and parental effort in the great tit Parus major
    • Verhulst S, Tinbergen JM (1997) Clutch size and parental effort in the great tit Parus major. Ardea 85:111-126
    • (1997) Ardea , vol.85 , pp. 111-126
    • Verhulst, S.1    Tinbergen, J.M.2
  • 71
    • 0035914458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in food supply, time of breeding, and energy expenditure in birds
    • (Technical Comments) Full text available from
    • Verhulst S, Tinbergen JM (2001) Variation in food supply, time of breeding, and energy expenditure in birds. Science 294 (Technical Comments) 471a. Full text available from http://www.Sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/294/ 5542/471a
    • (2001) Science , vol.294
    • Verhulst, S.1    Tinbergen, J.M.2
  • 72
    • 0032770877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airborne laser scanning-an introduction and overview
    • Wehr A, Lohr U (1999) Airborne laser scanning-an introduction and overview. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 54:68-82
    • (1999) ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens , vol.54 , pp. 68-82
    • Wehr, A.1    Lohr, U.2
  • 73
    • 0028978288 scopus 로고
    • Improved forest classification in the northern lakes states using multi-temporal Landsat imagery
    • Wolter PT, Mladenoff DJ, Host GE, Crow TR (1995) Improved forest classification in the northern lakes states using multi-temporal Landsat imagery. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 61:1129-1143
    • (1995) Photogramm Eng Remote Sens , vol.61 , pp. 1129-1143
    • Wolter, P.T.1    Mladenoff, D.J.2    Host, G.E.3    Crow, T.R.4
  • 74
    • 0031829785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality vs. quantity: Energetic and nutritional trade-offs in parental provisioning strategies
    • Wright J, Both C, Cotton PA, Bryant D (1998) Quality vs. quantity: energetic and nutritional trade-offs in parental provisioning strategies. J Anim Ecol 67:620-634
    • (1998) J Anim Ecol , vol.67 , pp. 620-634
    • Wright, J.1    Both, C.2    Cotton, P.A.3    Bryant, D.4
  • 75
    • 0028160075 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of three sampling techniques to estimate the population size of caterpillars in trees
    • Zandt HS (1994) A comparison of three sampling techniques to estimate the population size of caterpillars in trees. Oecologia 97:399-406
    • (1994) Oecologia , vol.97 , pp. 399-406
    • Zandt, H.S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.