Alternaria brassicae produces a host-specific protein toxin from germinating spores on host leaves

Phytopathology

Volumn 98, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 458-463

  Parada, R Y ^a   Sakuno, E ^b   Mori, N ^a   Oka, K ^b   Egusa, M ^a   Kodama, M ^b   Otani, H ^b  

^a TOTTORI UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b TOTTORI UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MYCOTOXIN;

ALTERNARIA; ARTICLE; BRASSICA; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; FUNGUS SPORE; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PLANT LEAF; TOMATO; TURNIP;

ALTERNARIA; BRASSICA; BRASSICA RAPA; LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM; MYCOTOXINS; PLANT LEAVES; SPORES, FUNGAL;

ALTERNARIA; ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA; ALTERNARIA BRASSICAE; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); BRASSICA; BRASSICA OLERACEA; BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA;

EID: 42149122651     PISSN: 0031949X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-98-4-0458     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Agarwal, A., Garg, G. K., Sing, U. S., and Mishra, D. P. 1994. Detection and role of chlorotic toxin and phytohormones in the pathogenesis of Alternaria blight in Brassica napus. Curr. Sci. 66:442-443.
2. Ayer, W. A., and Peña-Rodriguez, L. M. 1987. Metabolites produced by Alternaria brassicae, the black spot pathogen of canola. Part 1, The phytotoxic components. J. Nat. Prod. 50:400-407.
3. Bains, P. S., and Tewari, J. P. 1987. Purification, chemical characterization and host-specificity of the toxin produced by Alternaria brassicae. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 30:259-271.
4. Bradford, M. M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72:248-254.
5. Buchwaldt, L., and Green, H. 1992. Phytotoxicity of destruxin B and its possible role in the pathogenesis of Alternaria brassicae. Plant Pathol. 41:55-63.
6. Comstock, J. C., and Scheffer, R. P. 1973. Role of host-selective toxin in colonization of corn leaves by Helminthosporium carbonum. Phytopathology 63:1232-1238.
7. Conn, K. L., Tewari, J. P., and Awasthi, R.P. 1990. A disease assessment key for Alternaria blackspot in rapeseed and mustard. Can. Plant Dis. Surv. 70:19-22.
8. Cooked, D. E. L., Jenkins, P. D., and Lewis, D. M. 1997. Production of phytotoxic spore germination liquids by Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicicola and their effect on species of the family Brassicaceae. Ann. Appl. Biol. 131:413-426.
9. Kohmoto, K. 1992. Determination of host-selective toxins. Pages 51-73 in: Modern Methods of Plant Analysis. H. F. Linskens, and J. F. Jackson, eds. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
10. Kohmoto, K., Otani, H., Kodama, M., and Nishimura, S. 1989. Host-recognition: Can accessibility to fungal invasion be induced by host-specific toxins without necessitating necrotic cell death? Pages 249-265 in: Phytotoxins and Plant Pathogenesis. A. Graniti, R. D. Durbin, and A. Ballio, eds. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
11. Kohmoto, K., Otani, H., and Tsuge, T. 1995. Alternaria alternata pathogens. Pages 51-63 in: Pathogenesis and Host Specificity in Plant Diseases: Histological, Biochemical, Genetic and Molecular Bases, Vol. II: Eukaryotes. K. Kohmoto, U. S. Shin, and R. P Shin, eds. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
12. Laemmli, U. K. 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227:680-685.
13. Nishimura, S., and Kohmoto, K. 1983. Host-specific toxins and chemical structures from Alternaria species. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 21:87-116.
14. Nishimura, S., and Kohmoto, K. 1983. Roles of toxins in pathogenesis. Pages 137-157 in: Toxins and Plant Pathogenesis. J. M. Daly and B. J. Deverall, eds. Academic Press, Sydney.
15. Nishimura, S., Kohmoto, K., and Otani, H. 1979. The role of host-specific toxins in saphophytic pathogens. Pages 133-146 in: Recognition and Specificity in Plant Host-Parasite Interaction. J. M. Daly, and I. Uritani, eds. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, and University Park Press, Baltimore.
16. Oka, K., Akamatsu, H., Kodama, M., Nakajima, H., Kawada, T., and Otani, H. 2005. Host-specific AB-toxin production by germinating spores of Alternaria brassicicola is induced by a host-derived oligosaccharide. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 66:12-19.
17. Otani, H., Kodama, M., and Kohmoto, K. 1996. Physiological and molecular aspect of Alternaria host-specific toxin and plant interactions. Pages 257-267 in: Molecular Aspects of Pathogenicity and Resistance: Requirement for Signal Transduction. D. Mills, H. Kunoh, N. T. Keen, and S. Mayama, eds. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
18. Otani, H., and Kohmoto, K. 1992. Host-specific toxin of Alternaria species. Pages 123-156 in: Alternaria: Biology, Plant Diseases and Metabolites. J. Chelkowski, and A. Visconti, eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
19. Otani, H., Kohmoto, K., Nishimura, S., Nakashima, T., Ueno, T., and Fukami, H. 1985. Biological activities of AK-toxins I and II, host-specific toxins from Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Jpn. 51:285-293.
20. Otani, H., Kohnobe, A., Kodama, M., and Kohmoto, K. 1998. Production of a host-specific toxin by germinating spores of Alternaria brassicicola. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 52:285-95.
21. Parada, R. Y., Oka, K., Yamagishi, D., Kodama, M., and Otani, H. 2007. Destruxin B produced by Alternaria brassicae does not induce accessibility of host plants to fungal invasion. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. (in press).
22. Pringle, R. B., and Scheffer, R. P. 1964. Host-specific plant toxins. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 2:133-156.
23. Quayyum, H. A., Gijzen, M., and Tranquair, J. A. 2003. Purification of a necrosis-inducing, host specific protein toxin from spore germination fluid of Alternaria panax. Phytopathology 93:323-328.
24. Scheffer, R. P., and Livingston, R. S. 1984. Host-selective toxins and their role in plant diseases. Science 223:17-21.
25. Tewari, J. P., and Bains, P. S.1997. Phytotoxins produced by Alternaria brassicae and bioassay of destruxin B. Pages 21-35 in: Toxins in Plant Disease Development and Evolving Biotechnology. K. Rajeev and K. G. Mukerji, eds. Science Publisher, Enfield, NH.
26. Thomma, B. P. H. J. 2003. Alternaria spp.: From general saprophyte to specific parasite. Mol. Plant Pathol. 4:225-236.
27. Walton, J. D. 1996. Host-selective toxins: Agents of compatibility. Plant Cell 8:1723-1733.
28. Wolpert, T. J., Dunkle, L. D., and Ciuffetti, L. M. 2003. Host-selective toxins and avirulence determinats: What's in a name? Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 40:251-285.
29. Yoder, O. C. 1980. Toxins in pathogenesis. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 18:103-129.
30. Yoder, O. C., and Scheffer, R. P. 1969. Role of toxin in early interactions of Helminthosporium victoriae with susceptible and resistant oat tissue. Phytopathology 59:1954-1959.