Clinical management of drug interaction with antiretroviral agents

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 319-324

  Pau, Alice K ^a,b  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiretrovirals; Drug interactions; HIV; Management; Pharmacokinetics

Indexed keywords

ALFUZOSIN; AMFEBUTAMONE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CARBAMAZEPINE; CARDIOVASCULAR AGENT; CARVEDILOL; CISAPRIDE; CLARITHROMYCIN; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOSPORIN; DOCETAXEL; EFAVIRENZ; ERGOTAMINE; GANCICLOVIR; ITRACONAZOLE; LEVOTHYROXINE; LOPINAVIR; METHADONE; OPIATE; OPIATE ANTAGONIST; PREDNISONE; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; RIBAVIRIN; RIFAMPICIN; RITONAVIR; SEDATIVE AGENT; SILDENAFIL; TACROLIMUS; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; COMORBIDITY; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG INTERACTION; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG SAFETY; FOLLOW UP; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; NONHUMAN; PATIENT CARE; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 42049112372     PISSN: 1746630X     EISSN: 17466318     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f82c06     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Palella FJ Jr, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:853-860.
2. Mocroft A, Ledergerber B, Katlama C, et al. Decline in the AIDS and death rates in the EuroSIDA study: an observational study. Lancet 2003; 362:22-29.
3. Etard JF, Ndiaye I, Thierry-Mieg M, et al. Mortality and causes of death in adults receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Senegal: a 7-year cohort study. AIDS 2006; 20:1181-1189.
4. Severe P, Leger P, Charles M, et al. Antiretroviral therapy in a thousand patients with AIDS in Haiti. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:2325-2334.
5. Miller CD, El-Kholi R, Faragon JJ, Lodise TP. Prevalence and risk factors for clinically significant drug interactions with antiretroviral therapy. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27:1379-1386. This is a retrospective chart review of 153 HIV outpatient records; clinically significant interactions were found in 41.2% of the patients' regimens.
6. Robertson SM, Penzak SR, Pau A. Drug interactions in the management of HIV infection: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2007; 8:2947-2963. This paper is a comprehensive review of the common mechanisms of drug-drug interactions and significant interactions with different classes of drugs commonly prescribed to HIV-infected patients.
7. DeLorenze GN, Follansbee SF, Nguyen DP, et al. Medication error in the care of HIV/AIDS patients: electronic surveillance, confirmation, and adverse events. Med Care 2005; 43 (Suppl 9):III63-III68.
8. Núñez MJ, Martin-Carbonero L, Moreno V, et al. Impact of antiretroviral treatment-related toxicities on hospital admissions in HIV-infected patients. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir 2006; 22:825-829.
9. Antoniou T, Tseng AL. Interactions between recreational drugs and antiretroviral agents. Ann Pharmacother 2002; 36:1598-1613.
10. Lee LS, Andrade ASA, Flexner C. Interactions between natural health products and antiretroviral drugs: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43:1052-1059. This paper is a review of the limited data from drug interaction studies involving antiretroviral drugs and natural products conducted to date. It also provides insights into the difficulties in assessment of interaction potential, clinical safety, and efficacy of these products.
11. Walobo A. The role of cytochrome P450 in antiretroviral drug interactions. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2007; 3:583-598. A comprehensive review is presented of CYP450-mediated interactions between antiretroviral drugs and multiple drug classes commonly used in HIV-infected patients.
12. Storch CH, Theile D, Lindenmaier H, et al. Comparison of the inhibitory activity of anti-HIV drugs on P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 73:1573-1581. This paper describes a study using two different standard assays to compare the inhibitory potency of most of the approved nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, NNRTIs, and protease inhibitors on P-glycoprotein; their impact on pharmacokinetic drug interactions is discussed.
13. Weiss J, Weis N, Ketabi-Kiyanvash N, et al. Comparison of the induction of P-glycoprotein activity by nucleotide, nucleoside, and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 579:104-109. This study compared the induction potency of different HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and NNRTIs on P-glycoprotein.
14. Kiang TKL, Ensom MHH, Chang TKH. UDP-gluconosyltransferases and clinical drug-drug interactions. Pharmacol Ther 2005; 106:97-132.
15. de Miranda P, Good SS, Yarchoan R, et al. Alteration of zidovudine pharmacokinetics by probenecid in paitents with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989; 46:494-500.
16. Jung D, Griffy K, Dorr A, et al. Effect of high-dose oral ganciclovir on didanosine disposition in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 38:1057-1062.
17. Kearney BP, Sayre JR, Flaherty JF, et al. Drug-drug and drug-food interactions between tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and didanosine. J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 45:1370-1377.
18. 2 antagonists, and antacids.
19. Cressey TR, Lallemant M. Pharmacogenetics of antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of HIV-infected patients: An update. Infect Genet Evol 2007; 7:333-342. This paper reviews the role of pharmacogenetics on antiretroviral metabolism and describes implications for pharmacokinetics and drug toxicities.
20. Saah AJ, Winchell GA, Nessly ML, et al. Pharmacokinetic profile and tolerability of indinavir-ritonavir combinations in healthy volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45:2710-2715.
21. Hsu A, Granneman GR, Cao G, et al. Pharmacokinetic interactions between two human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors, ritonavir and saquinavir. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 63:453-464.
22. DeJesus E, Piliero PJ, Summers K, et al. Interaction between fosamprenavir, with and without ritonavir, and nevirapine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:3157-3159.
23. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.: Reyataz: prescribing information. Princeton, New Jersey, USA: Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.; 2007.
24. Kakuda TN, Schöller-Gyüre M. Design of antiretroviral drug interaction studies. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2008.
25. Struble KA, Reynolds KS. A regulatory perspective on the role of drug interactions in antiretroviral drug development. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2008.
26. Liu P, Foster G, Gandelman K, et al. Steady-state pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of voriconazole and ritonavir in healthy male subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51:3617-3626.
27. Chan-Tack KM, Edozien A. Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir may be efficacious in HIV-infected patients concurrently receiving omeprazole. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42:1344.
28. Pessanha TM, Campos JMS, Barros ACM, et al. Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome in a adolescent with AIDS on ritonavir and inhaled fluticasone. Case report and literature review. AIDS 2007; 21:529-532.
29. St. Germain RM, Yigit S, Wells L, et al. Cushing syndrome and severe adrenal suppression caused by fluticasone and protease inhibitor combination in an HIV-infected adolescent. AIDS Patient Care and STDs 2007; 21:373-377. This report reviews the literature to date and further illustrates the significance of this previously unexpected interaction.
30. Guo Y, Fung HB. Fatal lactic acidosis associated with coadministration of didanosine and tenofovir disoproxil fumerate. Pharmacotherapy 2004; 24:1089-1094.
31. Martinez E, Milinkovic A, de Lazzari E, et al. Pancreatic toxic effects associated with co-administration of didanosine and tenofovir in HIV-infected adults. Lancet 2004; 364:65-67.
32. Barrios A, Rendón A, Negredo E, et al. Paradoxical CD4+ T-cell decline in HIV-infected patients with complete virus suppression taking tenofovir and didanosine. AIDS 2005; 19:569-575.
33. León A, Martinez E, Mallolas J, et al. Early virological failure in treatment-naïve HIV-infected adults receiving didanosine and tenofovir plus efavirenz or nevirapine. AIDS 2005; 19:213-215.
34. Palella FJ Jr, Baker RK, Moorman AC. Mortality in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: changing causes of death and disease in the HIV outpatient study. J Acquir Immune Defic Sundr 2006; 43:27-34.
35. Weber R, Sabin CA, Frils-Moller N, et al. Liver-related deaths in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus: the D:A:D study. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166:1632-1641.
36. Klibanov OM, Clark-Vetri R. Oncologic complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection: changing epidemiology, treatments, and special considerations in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27:122-136. A comprehensive review of the challenges of use of antineoplastic agents and ART, including increases in frequency and intensity of toxicities, drug-drug interactions, and difficulties in establishing optimal doses for this population.
37. Roland ME, Barin B, Carlson L, et al. HIV-infected liver and kidney transplant recipients: 1- and 3-year outcomes. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:355-365.
38. Frassetto LA, Browne M, Cheng A, et al. Immunosuppressant pharmacokinetics and dosing modification in HIV-1 infected liver and kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:2816-2820.
39. Sheikh AM, Wolf DC, Lebovics E, et al. Concomitant human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor therapy markedly reduces tacrolimus metabolism and increases blood levels. Transplantation 1999; 68:307-309.
40. Kotb R, Vincent I, Dulioust A, et al. Life-threatening interaction between antiretroviral therapy and vinblastine in HIV-associated multicentric Castleman's disease. Eur J Haematol 2006; 76:269-271.
41. Altice FL, Friedland GH, Cooney EL. Nevirapine induced opiate withdrawal among injection drug users with HIV infection receiving methadone. AIDS 1999; 13:957-962.
42. Berbel Carcia A, Latoore Ibarra A, Porta Etessam J, et al. Protease inhibitor-induced carbamazepine toxicity. Clin Neuropharmacol 2000; 23:216-218.