메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 235-242

Sperm Acquisition in Nonobstructive Azoospermia: What Are the Options?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FOLLITROPIN;

EID: 41949130314     PISSN: 00940143     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2008.01.008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (49)
  • 1
    • 0024309894 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the azoospermic patient
    • Jarow J.P., Espeland M.A., and Lipshultz L.I. Evaluation of the azoospermic patient. J Urol 142 1 (1989) 62-65
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.142 , Issue.1 , pp. 62-65
    • Jarow, J.P.1    Espeland, M.A.2    Lipshultz, L.I.3
  • 2
    • 0029053114 scopus 로고
    • Pregnancies after testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Devroey P., Liu J., Nagy Z., et al. Pregnancies after testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod 10 6 (1995) 1457-1460
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 1457-1460
    • Devroey, P.1    Liu, J.2    Nagy, Z.3
  • 3
    • 0011370250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertility with testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in non-obstructive azoospermic men
    • Kahraman S., Ozgur S., Alatas C., et al. Fertility with testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in non-obstructive azoospermic men. Hum Reprod 11 4 (1996) 756-760
    • (1996) Hum Reprod , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 756-760
    • Kahraman, S.1    Ozgur, S.2    Alatas, C.3
  • 4
    • 6444232345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of testicular sperm recovery and ICSI in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia with a history of orchidopexy
    • Vernaeve V., Krikilion A., Verheyen G., et al. Outcome of testicular sperm recovery and ICSI in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia with a history of orchidopexy. Hum Reprod 19 10 (2004) 2307-2312
    • (2004) Hum Reprod , vol.19 , Issue.10 , pp. 2307-2312
    • Vernaeve, V.1    Krikilion, A.2    Verheyen, G.3
  • 5
    • 0031019511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of mature sperm in testicular parenchyma of men with nonobstructive azoospermia: prevalence and predictive factors
    • Mulhall J.P., Burgess C.M., Cunningham D., et al. Presence of mature sperm in testicular parenchyma of men with nonobstructive azoospermia: prevalence and predictive factors. Urology 49 1 (1997) 91-96
    • (1997) Urology , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 91-96
    • Mulhall, J.P.1    Burgess, C.M.2    Cunningham, D.3
  • 6
    • 18544371850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probability of sperm recovery in non-obstructive azoospermic patients presenting with testes volume less than 10 ml/FSH level exceeding 20 mIU/ml
    • Hibi H., Ohori T., Yamada Y., et al. Probability of sperm recovery in non-obstructive azoospermic patients presenting with testes volume less than 10 ml/FSH level exceeding 20 mIU/ml. Arch Androl 51 3 (2005) 225-231
    • (2005) Arch Androl , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 225-231
    • Hibi, H.1    Ohori, T.2    Yamada, Y.3
  • 7
    • 0036101914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum inhibin B cannot predict testicular sperm retrieval in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Vernaeve V., Tournaye H., Schiettecatte J., et al. Serum inhibin B cannot predict testicular sperm retrieval in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod 17 4 (2002) 971-976
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 971-976
    • Vernaeve, V.1    Tournaye, H.2    Schiettecatte, J.3
  • 8
    • 33644646978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum inhibin B and follicle-stimulating hormone levels as markers in the evaluation of azoospermic men: a comparison
    • Halder A., Fauzdar A., and Kumar A. Serum inhibin B and follicle-stimulating hormone levels as markers in the evaluation of azoospermic men: a comparison. Andrologia 37 5 (2005) 173-179
    • (2005) Andrologia , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 173-179
    • Halder, A.1    Fauzdar, A.2    Kumar, A.3
  • 9
    • 0033886360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum inhibin B determination is predictive of successful testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Ballesca J.L., Balasch J., Calafell J.M., et al. Serum inhibin B determination is predictive of successful testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod 15 8 (2000) 1734-1738
    • (2000) Hum Reprod , vol.15 , Issue.8 , pp. 1734-1738
    • Ballesca, J.L.1    Balasch, J.2    Calafell, J.M.3
  • 10
    • 5444254499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of successful outcome of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in men with idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia
    • Tsujimura A., Matsumiya K., Miyagawa Y., et al. Prediction of successful outcome of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in men with idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia. J Urol 172 5 Pt 1 (2004) 1944-1947
    • (2004) J Urol , vol.172 , Issue.5 PART 1 , pp. 1944-1947
    • Tsujimura, A.1    Matsumiya, K.2    Miyagawa, Y.3
  • 11
    • 0035569280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive factors of successful testicular sperm recovery in non-obstructive azoospermia patients
    • Seo J.T., and Ko W.J. Predictive factors of successful testicular sperm recovery in non-obstructive azoospermia patients. Int J Androl 24 5 (2001) 306-310
    • (2001) Int J Androl , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 306-310
    • Seo, J.T.1    Ko, W.J.2
  • 12
    • 0036069224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of testicular histology in secretory azoospermic subgroups and clinical outcome after microinjection of fresh and frozen-thawed sperm and spermatids
    • Sousa M., Cremades N., Silva J., et al. Predictive value of testicular histology in secretory azoospermic subgroups and clinical outcome after microinjection of fresh and frozen-thawed sperm and spermatids. Hum Reprod 17 7 (2002) 1800-1810
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , Issue.7 , pp. 1800-1810
    • Sousa, M.1    Cremades, N.2    Silva, J.3
  • 13
    • 0032826255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for nonobstructive azoospermia: testicular histology can predict success of sperm retrieval
    • Su L.M., Palermo G.D., Goldstein M., et al. Testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for nonobstructive azoospermia: testicular histology can predict success of sperm retrieval. J Urol 161 1 (1999) 112-116
    • (1999) J Urol , vol.161 , Issue.1 , pp. 112-116
    • Su, L.M.1    Palermo, G.D.2    Goldstein, M.3
  • 14
    • 33947200602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microdissection testicular sperm extraction: effect of prior biopsy on success of sperm retrieval
    • Ramasamy R., and Schlegel P.N. Microdissection testicular sperm extraction: effect of prior biopsy on success of sperm retrieval. J Urol 177 4 (2007) 1447-1449
    • (2007) J Urol , vol.177 , Issue.4 , pp. 1447-1449
    • Ramasamy, R.1    Schlegel, P.N.2
  • 15
    • 0031728392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AZFb deletions predict the absence of spermatozoa with testicular sperm extraction: preliminary report of a prognostic genetic test
    • Brandell R.A., Mielnik A., Liotta D., et al. AZFb deletions predict the absence of spermatozoa with testicular sperm extraction: preliminary report of a prognostic genetic test. Hum Reprod 13 10 (1998) 2812-2815
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , Issue.10 , pp. 2812-2815
    • Brandell, R.A.1    Mielnik, A.2    Liotta, D.3
  • 16
    • 0034989099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular ultrasonography and extended chromosome analysis in men with nonmosaic Klinefelter syndrome: a prospective study of possible predictive factors for successful sperm recovery
    • Westlander G., Ekerhovd E., Granberg S., et al. Testicular ultrasonography and extended chromosome analysis in men with nonmosaic Klinefelter syndrome: a prospective study of possible predictive factors for successful sperm recovery. Fertil Steril 75 6 (2001) 1102-1105
    • (2001) Fertil Steril , vol.75 , Issue.6 , pp. 1102-1105
    • Westlander, G.1    Ekerhovd, E.2    Granberg, S.3
  • 17
    • 2442519305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can biological or clinical parameters predict testicular sperm recovery in 47,XXY Klinefelter's syndrome patients?
    • Vernaeve V., Staessen C., Verheyen G., et al. Can biological or clinical parameters predict testicular sperm recovery in 47,XXY Klinefelter's syndrome patients?. Hum Reprod 19 5 (2004) 1135-1139
    • (2004) Hum Reprod , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 1135-1139
    • Vernaeve, V.1    Staessen, C.2    Verheyen, G.3
  • 18
    • 0343238412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression pattern of germ cell-specific genes in the testis of patients with nonobstructive azoospermia: usefulness as a molecular marker to predict the presence of testicular sperm
    • Song G.J., Lee H.-S., and Park Y.-S. Expression pattern of germ cell-specific genes in the testis of patients with nonobstructive azoospermia: usefulness as a molecular marker to predict the presence of testicular sperm. Fertil Steril 73 6 (2000) 1104-1108
    • (2000) Fertil Steril , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 1104-1108
    • Song, G.J.1    Lee, H.-S.2    Park, Y.-S.3
  • 19
    • 0038344433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm retrieval in infertile males: comparison between testicular sperm extraction and testicular sperm aspiration techniques
    • Salihu H.M., and Aliyu M.H. Sperm retrieval in infertile males: comparison between testicular sperm extraction and testicular sperm aspiration techniques. Wien Klin Wochenschr 115 11 (2003) 370-379
    • (2003) Wien Klin Wochenschr , vol.115 , Issue.11 , pp. 370-379
    • Salihu, H.M.1    Aliyu, M.H.2
  • 20
    • 0035159847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epididymal and testicular sperm retrieval in azoospermic patients and the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in relation to the etiology of azoospermia
    • Vicari E., Graziosos C., Burrello N., et al. Epididymal and testicular sperm retrieval in azoospermic patients and the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in relation to the etiology of azoospermia. Fertil Steril 75 1 (2001) 215-216
    • (2001) Fertil Steril , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 215-216
    • Vicari, E.1    Graziosos, C.2    Burrello, N.3
  • 21
    • 0033802730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of testicular sperm retrieval procedures in non-obstructive azoospermia: percutaneous aspiration versus open biopsy
    • Mercan R., Urman B., Alatas C., et al. Outcome of testicular sperm retrieval procedures in non-obstructive azoospermia: percutaneous aspiration versus open biopsy. Hum Reprod 15 7 (2000) 1548-1551
    • (2000) Hum Reprod , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 1548-1551
    • Mercan, R.1    Urman, B.2    Alatas, C.3
  • 22
    • 0031753717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of multiple needle biopsies versus a single open biopsy for testicular sperm extraction in men with non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Ezeh U.I., Moore H.D., and Cooke I.D. A prospective study of multiple needle biopsies versus a single open biopsy for testicular sperm extraction in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod 13 11 (1998) 3075-3080
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , Issue.11 , pp. 3075-3080
    • Ezeh, U.I.1    Moore, H.D.2    Cooke, I.D.3
  • 23
    • 1842375710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular sperm retrieval by percutaneous fine needle sperm aspiration compared with testicular sperm extraction by open biopsy in men with non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Friedler S., Raziel A., Strassburger D., et al. Testicular sperm retrieval by percutaneous fine needle sperm aspiration compared with testicular sperm extraction by open biopsy in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod 12 7 (1997) 1488-1493
    • (1997) Hum Reprod , vol.12 , Issue.7 , pp. 1488-1493
    • Friedler, S.1    Raziel, A.2    Strassburger, D.3
  • 24
    • 0032964209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testis sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection guided by prior fine-needle aspiration mapping in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia
    • Turek P.J., Givens C.R., Schriock E.D., et al. Testis sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection guided by prior fine-needle aspiration mapping in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril 71 3 (1999) 552-557
    • (1999) Fertil Steril , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 552-557
    • Turek, P.J.1    Givens, C.R.2    Schriock, E.D.3
  • 25
    • 33745045083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How successful is repeat testicular sperm extraction in patients with azoospermia?
    • Vernaeve V., Verheyen G., Goossens A., et al. How successful is repeat testicular sperm extraction in patients with azoospermia?. Hum Reprod 21 6 (2006) 1551-1554
    • (2006) Hum Reprod , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 1551-1554
    • Vernaeve, V.1    Verheyen, G.2    Goossens, A.3
  • 26
    • 0036717997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conventional versus microdissection testicular sperm extraction for nonobstructive azoospermia
    • Okada H., Dobashi M., Yamazaki T., et al. Conventional versus microdissection testicular sperm extraction for nonobstructive azoospermia. J Urol 168 3 (2002) 1063-1067
    • (2002) J Urol , vol.168 , Issue.3 , pp. 1063-1067
    • Okada, H.1    Dobashi, M.2    Yamazaki, T.3
  • 27
    • 0036852912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conventional multiple or microdissection testicular sperm extraction: a comparative study
    • Tsujimura A., Matsumiya K., Miyagawa Y., et al. Conventional multiple or microdissection testicular sperm extraction: a comparative study. Hum Reprod 17 11 (2002) 2924-2929
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , Issue.11 , pp. 2924-2929
    • Tsujimura, A.1    Matsumiya, K.2    Miyagawa, Y.3
  • 28
    • 0034097122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective comparative study between microsurgical and conventional testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia: follow-up by serial ultrasound examinations
    • Amer M., Ateyah A., Hany R., et al. Prospective comparative study between microsurgical and conventional testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia: follow-up by serial ultrasound examinations. Hum Reprod 15 3 (2000) 653-656
    • (2000) Hum Reprod , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 653-656
    • Amer, M.1    Ateyah, A.2    Hany, R.3
  • 29
    • 0030982487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological consequences of testicular sperm extraction
    • Schlegel P.N., and Su L. Physiological consequences of testicular sperm extraction. Hum Reprod 12 8 (1997) 1688-1692
    • (1997) Hum Reprod , vol.12 , Issue.8 , pp. 1688-1692
    • Schlegel, P.N.1    Su, L.2
  • 30
    • 0032910057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular sperm extraction: microdissection improves sperm yield with minimal tissue excision
    • Schlegel P.N. Testicular sperm extraction: microdissection improves sperm yield with minimal tissue excision. Hum Reprod 14 1 (1999) 131-135
    • (1999) Hum Reprod , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-135
    • Schlegel, P.N.1
  • 31
    • 0031838776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular sperm aspiration (TESA): the appropriate technique
    • Gorgy A., Podsiadly B.T., Bates S., et al. Testicular sperm aspiration (TESA): the appropriate technique. Hum Reprod 13 4 (1998) 1111-1113
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 1111-1113
    • Gorgy, A.1    Podsiadly, B.T.2    Bates, S.3
  • 32
    • 4143126543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sonographic evidence of minimal and short-term testicular damage after testicular sperm aspiration procedures
    • Raviv G., Levron J., Menashe Y., et al. Sonographic evidence of minimal and short-term testicular damage after testicular sperm aspiration procedures. Fertil Steril 82 2 (2004) 442-444
    • (2004) Fertil Steril , vol.82 , Issue.2 , pp. 442-444
    • Raviv, G.1    Levron, J.2    Menashe, Y.3
  • 33
    • 17044373493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine-needle and large-needle percutaneous aspiration biopsy of testicles in men with nonobstructive azoospermia: safety and diagnostic performance
    • Carpi A., Menchini-Fabris F.G., and Palego P. Fine-needle and large-needle percutaneous aspiration biopsy of testicles in men with nonobstructive azoospermia: safety and diagnostic performance. Fertil Steril 83 5 (2005) 1029-1033
    • (2005) Fertil Steril , vol.83 , Issue.5 , pp. 1029-1033
    • Carpi, A.1    Menchini-Fabris, F.G.2    Palego, P.3
  • 34
    • 0035726113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histopathological mapping of open testicular biopsies in patients with unobstructive azoospermia
    • Altay B., Hekimgil M., Cikili N., et al. Histopathological mapping of open testicular biopsies in patients with unobstructive azoospermia. BJU Int 87 9 (2001) 834-837
    • (2001) BJU Int , vol.87 , Issue.9 , pp. 834-837
    • Altay, B.1    Hekimgil, M.2    Cikili, N.3
  • 35
    • 0029954551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Percutaneous testis biopsy: an alternative to open testicular biopsy in the evaluation of the subfertile man
    • Harrington T.G., Schauer D., and Gilbert B.R. Percutaneous testis biopsy: an alternative to open testicular biopsy in the evaluation of the subfertile man. J Urol 156 4 (1996) 1647-1651
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.156 , Issue.4 , pp. 1647-1651
    • Harrington, T.G.1    Schauer, D.2    Gilbert, B.R.3
  • 36
    • 0032409173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial sonography and colour flow Doppler imaging following testicular and epididymal sperm extraction
    • Ron-El R., Strauss S., Friedler S., et al. Serial sonography and colour flow Doppler imaging following testicular and epididymal sperm extraction. Hum Reprod 13 12 (1998) 3390-3393
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , Issue.12 , pp. 3390-3393
    • Ron-El, R.1    Strauss, S.2    Friedler, S.3
  • 37
    • 79961142031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power Doppler ultrasound mapping in nonobstructive azoospermic patients prior to testicular sperm extraction
    • Tunc L., Alkibay T., Kupeli B., et al. Power Doppler ultrasound mapping in nonobstructive azoospermic patients prior to testicular sperm extraction. Arch Androl 51 4 (2005) 277-283
    • (2005) Arch Androl , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 277-283
    • Tunc, L.1    Alkibay, T.2    Kupeli, B.3
  • 38
    • 34247483545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue perfusion-controlled guided biopsies are essential for the outcome of testicular sperm extraction
    • Herwig R., Tosun K., Schuster A., et al. Tissue perfusion-controlled guided biopsies are essential for the outcome of testicular sperm extraction. Fertil Steril 87 5 (2007) 1071-1076
    • (2007) Fertil Steril , vol.87 , Issue.5 , pp. 1071-1076
    • Herwig, R.1    Tosun, K.2    Schuster, A.3
  • 39
    • 0034040911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic findings from testis fine needle aspiration mapping in obstructed and nonobstructed azoospermic men
    • Turek P.J., Ljung B.-M., Cha I., et al. Diagnostic findings from testis fine needle aspiration mapping in obstructed and nonobstructed azoospermic men. J Urol 163 6 (2000) 1709-1716
    • (2000) J Urol , vol.163 , Issue.6 , pp. 1709-1716
    • Turek, P.J.1    Ljung, B.-M.2    Cha, I.3
  • 40
    • 0030956661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic fine-needle aspiration of the testis: correlation to biopsy and results of organ "mapping" for mature sperm in azoospermic men
    • Turek P.J., Cha I., and Ljung B.-M. Systematic fine-needle aspiration of the testis: correlation to biopsy and results of organ "mapping" for mature sperm in azoospermic men. Urology 49 5 (1997) 743-748
    • (1997) Urology , vol.49 , Issue.5 , pp. 743-748
    • Turek, P.J.1    Cha, I.2    Ljung, B.-M.3
  • 41
    • 24944536731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability in testis biopsy interpretation: implications for male infertility care in the era of intracytoplasmic sperm injection
    • Cooperberg M.R., Chi T., Jad A., et al. Variability in testis biopsy interpretation: implications for male infertility care in the era of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertil Steril 84 3 (2005) 672-677
    • (2005) Fertil Steril , vol.84 , Issue.3 , pp. 672-677
    • Cooperberg, M.R.1    Chi, T.2    Jad, A.3
  • 42
    • 0035192587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular fine-needle aspiration in infertile men: correlation of cytologic pattern with biopsy histology
    • Meng M.V., Cha I., Ljung B.-M., et al. Testicular fine-needle aspiration in infertile men: correlation of cytologic pattern with biopsy histology. Am J Surg Pathol 25 1 (2001) 71-79
    • (2001) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-79
    • Meng, M.V.1    Cha, I.2    Ljung, B.-M.3
  • 43
    • 0033763693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsurgical TESE and the distribution of spermatogenesis in non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Silber S.J. Microsurgical TESE and the distribution of spermatogenesis in non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod 15 11 (2000) 2278-2284
    • (2000) Hum Reprod , vol.15 , Issue.11 , pp. 2278-2284
    • Silber, S.J.1
  • 44
    • 20444442853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and functional changes to the testis after conventional versus microdissection testicular sperm extraction
    • Ramasamy R., Yagan N., and Schlegel P.N. Structural and functional changes to the testis after conventional versus microdissection testicular sperm extraction. Urology 65 6 (2005) 1190-1194
    • (2005) Urology , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 1190-1194
    • Ramasamy, R.1    Yagan, N.2    Schlegel, P.N.3
  • 45
    • 33746246496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male infertility: evaluation and sperm retrieval
    • Schlegel P.N. Male infertility: evaluation and sperm retrieval. Clin Obstet Gynecol 49 1 (2006) 55-72
    • (2006) Clin Obstet Gynecol , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-72
    • Schlegel, P.N.1
  • 46
    • 0343553991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracytoplasmic injection of fresh and cryopreserved testicular spermatozoa in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia-a comparative study
    • Friedler S., Raziel A., Soffer Y., et al. Intracytoplasmic injection of fresh and cryopreserved testicular spermatozoa in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia-a comparative study. Fertil Steril 68 5 (1997) 892-897
    • (1997) Fertil Steril , vol.68 , Issue.5 , pp. 892-897
    • Friedler, S.1    Raziel, A.2    Soffer, Y.3
  • 47
    • 0031008051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertilization and pregnancy using intentionally cryopreserved testicular tissue as the sperm source for intracytoplasmic sperm injection in 10 men with non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Oates R.D., Mulhall J., Burgess C., et al. Fertilization and pregnancy using intentionally cryopreserved testicular tissue as the sperm source for intracytoplasmic sperm injection in 10 men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod 12 4 (1997) 734-739
    • (1997) Hum Reprod , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 734-739
    • Oates, R.D.1    Mulhall, J.2    Burgess, C.3
  • 48
    • 0032866753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of cryopreserved testicular sperm in patients with obstructive and nonobstructive azoospermia
    • Prins G.S., Dolgina R., Studney P., et al. Quality of cryopreserved testicular sperm in patients with obstructive and nonobstructive azoospermia. J Urol 161 5 (1999) 1504-1508
    • (1999) J Urol , vol.161 , Issue.5 , pp. 1504-1508
    • Prins, G.S.1    Dolgina, R.2    Studney, P.3
  • 49
    • 0035126560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histologic effects of testicular sperm extraction on the testicle in men with nonobstructive azoospermia
    • Tash J.A., and Schlegel P.N. Histologic effects of testicular sperm extraction on the testicle in men with nonobstructive azoospermia. Urology 57 2 (2001) 334-337
    • (2001) Urology , vol.57 , Issue.2 , pp. 334-337
    • Tash, J.A.1    Schlegel, P.N.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.