Hormonal Evaluation of the Infertile Male: Has It Evolved?

Urologic Clinics of North America

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 147-155

  Sussman, Ernest M ^a   Chudnovsky, Aleksander ^a   Niederberger, Craig S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BROMOCRIPTINE; CABERGOLINE; CLOMIFENE CITRATE; ESTRADIOL; FOLLITROPIN; GADOLINIUM; INHIBIN B; SEX HORMONE BINDING GLOBULIN; TESTOLACTONE; TESTOSTERONE;

AZOOSPERMIA; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; HUMAN; HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; HYPOPITUITARISM; INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION; MALE INFERTILITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROLACTINOMA; REVIEW; SEMEN ANALYSIS; SPERMATOGENESIS; STEROIDOGENESIS;

FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; HUMANS; HYPOGONADISM; INFERTILITY, MALE; MALE; SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN;

EID: 41949110346     PISSN: 00940143     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2008.01.010     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Sigman M., and Jarow J.P. Endocrine evaluation of infertile men. Urology 50 (1997) 659-664
2. Schoor R.A., Elhanbly S., Niederberger C.S., et al. The role of testicular biopsy in the modern management of male infertility. J Urol 167 (2002) 197-200
3. Vermeulen A., Verdonck L., and Kaufman J.M. A critical evaluation of simple methods for the estimation of free testosterone in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84 (1999) 3666-3672
4. van den Beld A.W., de Jong F.H., Grobbee D.E., et al. Measures of bioavailable serum testosterone and estradiol and their relationships with muscle strength, bone density, and body composition in elderly men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85 (2000) 3276-3282
5. Carlstrom K., Eriksson A., Stege R., et al. Relationship between serum testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin in adult men with intact or absent gonadal function. J Androl 13 (1990) 67-73
6. Tripp B.M., and Lamb D.J. Sertoli cell: morphology, function, and regulation. In: Lipshultz L.I., and Howards S.S. (Eds). Infertility in the male. 3rd edition (1997), Mosby, St. Louis (MO) 94
7. Cumming D.C., and Wall S.R. Non-sex hormone-binding globulin-bound testosterone as a marker for hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol 61 5 (1985) 873-876
8. Neaves W.B., Johnson L., Porter J.C., et al. Leydig cell numbers, daily sperm production, and serum gonadotropin levels in aging men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 55 (1984) 756-763
9. Nieschlag E., Lammers U., Freischem C.W., et al. Reproductive functions in young fathers and grandfathers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 55 (1982) 676-681
10. In: Winters S.J. (Ed). Male hypogonadism (2003), Humana Press, Totowa (NJ)
11. Maya-Nunez G., Zenteno J.C., Ulloa-Aguirre A., et al. A recurrent missense mutation in the KAL gene in patients with X-linked Kallmann's syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83 (1998) 1650-1653
12. Sato N., Katsumata N., Kagami M., et al. Clinical assessment and mutation analysis of Kallmann syndrome (KAL1) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1, or KAL2) in five families and 18 sporadic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004) 1079-1088
13. Bhagavath B., Xu N., Ozata M., et al. KAL1 mutations are not a common cause of idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism in humans. Mol Hum Reprod 13 3 (2007) 165-170
14. Ascoli P., and Cavagnini F. Hypopituitarism. Pituitary 9 (2006) 335-342
15. Carter J.N., Tyson J.E., Tolis G., et al. Prolactin- secreting tumors and hypogonadism in 22 men. N Engl J Med 299 (1978) 847-852
16. Spark R.F., Wills C.A., O'Reilly G., et al. Hyperprolactinaemia in males with and without pituitary macroadenomas. Lancet 2 (1982) 129-132
17. Dollar J.R., and Blackwell R.E. Diagnosis and management of prolactinomas. Cancer Metastasis Rev 5 (1986) 125-138
18. Wang C., Lam K.S., Ma J.T., et al. Long-term treatment of hyperproactinaemia with bromocriptine: effect of drug withdrawal. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 27 (1987) 363-371
19. Ruder H., Corvol P., Mahoudeau J.A., et al. Effects of induced hyperthyroidism on steroid metabolism in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 33 (1971) 382-387
20. Kidd G.S., Glass A.R., and Vigersky R.A. The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis in thyrotoxicosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 48 (1979) 798-802
21. Abalovich M., Levalle O., Hermes R., et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis and seminal parameters in hyperthyroid males. Thyroid 9 (1999) 857-863
22. Krassas G.E., Pontikides N., Deligianni V., et al. A prospective controlled study of the impact of hyperthyroidism on reproductive function in males. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87 (2002) 3667-3671
23. Dubin L., and Amelar R. Etiologic factors in 1294 consecutive cases of male infertility. Fertil Steril 22 (1971) 469-474
24. Wortsman J., Rosner W., and Dufau M.L. Abnormal testicular function in men with primary hypothyroidism. Am J Med 82 (1987) 207-212
25. Corrales-Hernandez J.J., Miralles-Garcia J.M., and Garcia-Diez L.C. Primary hypothyroidism and human spermatogenesis. Arch Androl 25 (1990) 21-27
26. Jaya Kumar B., Khurana M.L., Ammini A.C., et al. Reproductive endocrine functions in men with primary hypothyroidism: effect of thyroxine replacement. Horm Res 34 (1990) 215-218
27. Velazquez E.M., and Bellabarba A.G. Effects of thyroid status on pituitary gonadotropin and testicular reserve in men. Arch Androl 38 (1997) 85-92
28. Trummer H., Ramschak-Schwarzer S., Haas J., et al. Thyroid hormones and thyroid antibodies in infertile males. Fertil Steril 76 (2001) 254-257
29. Emadi-Konjin P., Bain J., and Bromberg I.L. Evaluation of an algorithm for calculation of serum "bioavailable" testosterone (BAT). Clin Biochem 36 (2003) 591
30. Bhasin S., and Jameson J.L. Disorders of the testes and male reproductive system. In: Kasper D.L., Braunwald E., Fauci A.S., et al. (Eds). Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 16th edition vol. II (2005), McGraw- Hill, New York
31. Bhasin S., Cunningham G.R., Hayes F., et al. Endocrine Society's evidence-based guidelines for the management of androgen deficiency syndromes in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91 6 (2006) 1995-2010
32. Lazarou S., Reyes-Vallejo L., and Morgentaler A. Wide variability in laboratory reference values for serum testosterone. J Sex Med 3 6 (2006) 1085-1089
33. Dunn J.F., Nisula B.C., and Rodbard D. Transport of steroid hormones: binding of 21 endogenous steroids to both testosterone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin in human plasma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 53 (1981) 58-68
34. Blight L.F., Judd S.J., and White G.H. Relative diagnostic value of serum non-SHBG-bound testosterone, free androgen index and free testosterone in the assessment of mild to moderate hirsutism. Ann Clin Biochem 26 (1989) 311-316
35. Selby C. Sex hormone binding globulin: origin, function and clinical significance. Ann Clin Biochem 27 (1990) 532-541
36. Kumanov P., Nandipati K., Tomova A., et al. Inhibin B is a better marker of spermatogenesis than other hormones in the management of male factor infertility. Fertil Steril 86 (2006) 332-338
37. Mormandi E., Levalle O., Ballerini M.G., et al. Serum levels of dimeric and monomeric inhibins and the degree of seminal alteration in infertile men with varicocele. Andrologia 35 (2003) 106-111
38. Fujisawa M., Dobashi M., Yamasaki T., et al. Significance of serum inhibin B concentration for evaluating improvement in spermatogenesis after varicocelectomy. Hum Reprod 16 (2001) 1945-1949
39. Lee P.A., Coughlin M.T., and Bellinger M.F. Inhibin B comparison with indexes of fertility among formerly cryptorchid and control men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86 (2001) 2576-2584
40. de Gouveia Brazao C.A., Pierik F.H., Erenpreiss Y., et al. The effect of cryptorchidism on inhibin B in a subfertile population. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 59 (2003) 136-141
41. Jones T.M., Fang V.S., Laundau R.L., et al. Direct inhibition of Leydig cell function by estradiol. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 47 6 (1978) 1368-1373
42. Kalla N.R., Nisula B.C., Menard R., et al. The effect of estradiol on testicular testosterone biosynthesis. Endocrinology 106 1 (1980) 35-39
43. Akiyama H. A study on testicular aromatase activity-spermatogenic damage in high testicular E2 models of rat. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 88 7 (1997) 649-657 [in Japanese]
44. Raman J.D., and Schlegel P.N. Aromatase inhibitors for male infertility. J Urol 167 2 Pt 1 (2002) 624-629
45. Hussein A., Ross L., Niederberger C., et al. Clomiphene administration for cases of nonobstructive azoospermia: a multicenter study. J Androl 26 6 (2005) 787-791
46. Raivio T., Flardeau J., Dwyer A., et al. Reversal of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. N Engl J Med 357 9 (2007) 863-873
47. Whitten S.J., Nangia A.K., and Kolettis P.N. Select patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism may respond to treatment with clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril 86 6 (2006) 1664-1668