메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 134, Issue 630, 2008, Pages 1-10

Bulk formulation of surface fluxes extended to weak-wind stable conditions

Author keywords

Bulk formula; Nocturnal boundary layer; Surface flux; Turbulant flux

Indexed keywords

AERODYNAMICS; ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE; BOUNDARY LAYERS; DRAG; WIND;

EID: 41949084216     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.197     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (38)

References (38)
  • 1
    • 0036694210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameterizing scalar transfer over snow and ice: A review
    • Andreas EL. 2002. Parameterizing scalar transfer over snow and ice: a review. J. Hydrol. 3: 417-431.
    • (2002) J. Hydrol , vol.3 , pp. 417-431
    • Andreas, E.L.1
  • 2
    • 10144227100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of sonic anemometer observations in low wind speed conditions
    • Anfossi DD, Oettl G, Degrazia M, Boulart A. 2005. An analysis of sonic anemometer observations in low wind speed conditions. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 114: 179-203.
    • (2005) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.114 , pp. 179-203
    • Anfossi, D.D.1    Oettl, G.2    Degrazia, M.3    Boulart, A.4
  • 4
    • 33845272319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring self-correlation in the flux-gradient relationships for stably stratified conditions
    • Baas P, Steeneveld GJ, van de Weil BJH, Holtslag AAM. 2006. Exploring self-correlation in the flux-gradient relationships for stably stratified conditions. J. Atmos. Sci. 63: 3045-3054.
    • (2006) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.63 , pp. 3045-3054
    • Baas, P.1    Steeneveld, G.J.2    van de Weil, B.J.H.3    Holtslag, A.A.M.4
  • 5
    • 0028973706 scopus 로고
    • The parametrization of surface fluxes in large scale models under free convection
    • Beljaars AC. 1995. The parametrization of surface fluxes in large scale models under free convection. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 121: 255-270.
    • (1995) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.121 , pp. 255-270
    • Beljaars, A.C.1
  • 6
    • 0026281708 scopus 로고
    • Flux parameterization over land surfaces for atmospheric models
    • Beljaars ACM, Holtslag AAM. 1991. Flux parameterization over land surfaces for atmospheric models. J. Appl. Meteorol. 30: 327-341.
    • (1991) J. Appl. Meteorol , vol.30 , pp. 327-341
    • Beljaars, A.C.M.1    Holtslag, A.A.M.2
  • 7
    • 0042005844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A field intercomparison technique to improve the relative accuracy of longwave radiation measurements and an evaluation of CASES-99 pyrgeometer data quality
    • Burns SP, Sun J, Delany AC, Semmer SR, Oncley SP, Horst TW. 2003. A field intercomparison technique to improve the relative accuracy of longwave radiation measurements and an evaluation of CASES-99 pyrgeometer data quality. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 20: 348-361.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol , vol.20 , pp. 348-361
    • Burns, S.P.1    Sun, J.2    Delany, A.C.3    Semmer, S.R.4    Oncley, S.P.5    Horst, T.W.6
  • 8
    • 13644284590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flux-profile relationships for wind speed and temperature in the stable atmospheric boundary layer
    • Chenge Y, Brutsaert W. 2005. Flux-profile relationships for wind speed and temperature in the stable atmospheric boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 114: 519-538.
    • (2005) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.114 , pp. 519-538
    • Chenge, Y.1    Brutsaert, W.2
  • 9
    • 0028880190 scopus 로고
    • Stable boundary layers: Observations, models and variability. Part I: Modelling and measurements
    • Derbyshire H. 1995a. Stable boundary layers: observations, models and variability. Part I: Modelling and measurements. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 74: 19-54.
    • (1995) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.74 , pp. 19-54
    • Derbyshire, H.1
  • 10
    • 0029413548 scopus 로고
    • Stable boundary layers: Observations, models and variability. Part II: Data analysis and averaging effects
    • Derbyshire H. 1995b. Stable boundary layers: observations, models and variability. Part II: Data analysis and averaging effects. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 75: 1-24.
    • (1995) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.75 , pp. 1-24
    • Derbyshire, H.1
  • 11
    • 0029773256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes for Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment
    • Fairall CW, Bradley EF, Rogers DP, Edson JB, Young GS. 1996. Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes for Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment. J. Geophys. Res. 101: 3747-3764.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res , vol.101 , pp. 3747-3764
    • Fairall, C.W.1    Bradley, E.F.2    Rogers, D.P.3    Edson, J.B.4    Young, G.S.5
  • 12
    • 0242381298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turbulence patches in a stratified shear flow
    • Fernando HJS. 2003. Turbulence patches in a stratified shear flow. Phys. Fluids 15: 3164-3169.
    • (2003) Phys. Fluids , vol.15 , pp. 3164-3169
    • Fernando, H.J.S.1
  • 13
    • 0021641231 scopus 로고
    • The interaction between an internal gravity wave and turbulence in the stably-stratified nocturnal boundary layer
    • Finnigan JJ, Einaudi F, Fua D. 1984. The interaction between an internal gravity wave and turbulence in the stably-stratified nocturnal boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 41: 2409-2436.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.41 , pp. 2409-2436
    • Finnigan, J.J.1    Einaudi, F.2    Fua, D.3
  • 15
    • 0026292753 scopus 로고
    • On the turbulent fluxes of buoyancy, heat and moisture at the air-sea interface at low wind speeds
    • Godfrey JS, Beljaars ACM. 1991. On the turbulent fluxes of buoyancy, heat and moisture at the air-sea interface at low wind speeds. J. Geophys. Res. 96: 22043-22048.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res , vol.96 , pp. 22043-22048
    • Godfrey, J.S.1    Beljaars, A.C.M.2
  • 18
    • 35748979716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of boundary layer similarity theory for stable conditions in CASES-99
    • Ha K-J, Hyun Y-K, Oh H-M, Kim K-E, Mahrt L. 2007. Evaluation of boundary layer similarity theory for stable conditions in CASES-99. Mon. Weather Rev. 135: 3474-3483.
    • (2007) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.135 , pp. 3474-3483
    • Ha, K.-J.1    Hyun, Y.-K.2    Oh, H.-M.3    Kim, K.-E.4    Mahrt, L.5
  • 19
    • 0019358801 scopus 로고
    • An examination of turbulence statistics in the surface boundary layer
    • Hicks BB. 1981. An examination of turbulence statistics in the surface boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 21: 389-402.
    • (1981) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.21 , pp. 389-402
    • Hicks, B.B.1
  • 20
    • 4844221564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flux-gradient relationship, self-correlation and intermittency in the stable boundary layer
    • Klipp C, Mahrt L. 2004. Flux-gradient relationship, self-correlation and intermittency in the stable boundary layer. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 130: 2087-2104.
    • (2004) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.130 , pp. 2087-2104
    • Klipp, C.1    Mahrt, L.2
  • 21
    • 0033567592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface fluxes from satellite winds: Modeling air-sea flux enhancement from spatial and temporal observations
    • Levy G, Vickers D. 1999. Surface fluxes from satellite winds: Modeling air-sea flux enhancement from spatial and temporal observations. J. Geophys. Res. 104: 20639-20650.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res , vol.104 , pp. 20639-20650
    • Levy, G.1    Vickers, D.2
  • 22
    • 12144258318 scopus 로고
    • A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere
    • Louis J-F. 1979. A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere. Boundary-Layer Metereol. 17: 187-202.
    • (1979) Boundary-Layer Metereol , vol.17 , pp. 187-202
    • Louis, J.-F.1
  • 23
    • 34547655663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weak-wind mesoscale meandering in the nocturnal boundary layer
    • Mahrt L. 2007a. Weak-wind mesoscale meandering in the nocturnal boundary layer. Environ. Fluid Mech. 7: 331-347.
    • (2007) Environ. Fluid Mech , vol.7 , pp. 331-347
    • Mahrt, L.1
  • 24
    • 34848839174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of nonstationarity on the turbulent flux-gradient relationship for stable stratification
    • Mahrt L. 2007b. The influence of nonstationarity on the turbulent flux-gradient relationship for stable stratification. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 125: 245-264.
    • (2007) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.125 , pp. 245-264
    • Mahrt, L.1
  • 25
    • 0000172067 scopus 로고
    • The subgrid velocity scale in the bulk aerodynamic relationship for spatially averaged scalar fluxes
    • Mahrt L, Sun J. 1995. The subgrid velocity scale in the bulk aerodynamic relationship for spatially averaged scalar fluxes. Mon. Weather Rev. 123: 3032-3041.
    • (1995) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.123 , pp. 3032-3041
    • Mahrt, L.1    Sun, J.2
  • 26
    • 26844486580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boundary-layer adjustment over small-scale changes of surface heat flux
    • Mahrt L, Vickers D. 2005. Boundary-layer adjustment over small-scale changes of surface heat flux. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 116: 313-330.
    • (2005) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.116 , pp. 313-330
    • Mahrt, L.1    Vickers, D.2
  • 27
    • 33744490653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extremely weak mixing in stable conditions
    • Mahrt L, Vickers D. 2006. Extremely weak mixing in stable conditions. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 119: 19-39.
    • (2006) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.119 , pp. 19-39
    • Mahrt, L.1    Vickers, D.2
  • 28
    • 33847683814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of surface heterogeneity in modelling the stable boundary layer
    • McCabe A, Brown AR. 2007. The role of surface heterogeneity in modelling the stable boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 122: 517-534.
    • (2007) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.122 , pp. 517-534
    • McCabe, A.1    Brown, A.R.2
  • 29
    • 0035129479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind-tunnel study of atmospheric stable boundary layers over a rough surface
    • Ohya Y. 2001. Wind-tunnel study of atmospheric stable boundary layers over a rough surface. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 98: 57-82.
    • (2001) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.98 , pp. 57-82
    • Ohya, Y.1
  • 31
    • 0036325304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent turbulence and oscillations in the stable boundary layer over land. Part I: A bulk model
    • Van de Wiel BJH, Ronda RJ, Moene AF, de Bruin HAR, Holtslag AAM. 2002. Intermittent turbulence and oscillations in the stable boundary layer over land. Part I: A bulk model. J. Atmos. Sci. 59: 942-958.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 942-958
    • Van de Wiel, B.J.H.1    Ronda, R.J.2    Moene, A.F.3    de Bruin, H.A.R.4    Holtslag, A.A.M.5
  • 32
    • 0000326151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgrid surface fluxes in fair weather conditions during TOGA COARE: Observational estimates and parameterization
    • Vickers D, Esbensen SK. 1998. Subgrid surface fluxes in fair weather conditions during TOGA COARE: Observational estimates and parameterization. Mon. Weather Rev. 126: 620-633.
    • (1998) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.126 , pp. 620-633
    • Vickers, D.1    Esbensen, S.K.2
  • 33
    • 33645499967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A solution for flux contamination by mesoscale motions with very weak turbulence
    • Vickers D, Mahrt L. 2006. A solution for flux contamination by mesoscale motions with very weak turbulence. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 118: 431-447.
    • (2006) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.118 , pp. 431-447
    • Vickers, D.1    Mahrt, L.2
  • 34
    • 0035088465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A physically based parameterization for surface flux enhancement by gustiness in dry and precipitating convection
    • Williams AG. 2001. A physically based parameterization for surface flux enhancement by gustiness in dry and precipitating convection. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 127: 469-491.
    • (2001) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.127 , pp. 469-491
    • Williams, A.G.1
  • 35
    • 0002982554 scopus 로고
    • On surface-layer turbulence
    • Pp, Haugen DA ed, American Meteorological Society: Boston
    • Wyngaard JC. 1973. 'On surface-layer turbulence'. Pp. 101-149 in: Workshop on Micrometeorology, Haugen DA (ed). American Meteorological Society: Boston.
    • (1973) Workshop on Micrometeorology , pp. 101-149
    • Wyngaard, J.C.1
  • 36
    • 33746054541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of mesoscale low-level winds obtained by dynamical downscaling of ERA40 over complex terrain
    • Žagar N, Žagar M, Cedilnik J, Gregorič G, Rakovec J. 2006. Validation of mesoscale low-level winds obtained by dynamical downscaling of ERA40 over complex terrain. Tellus A58: 445-455.
    • (2006) Tellus , vol.A58 , pp. 445-455
    • Žagar, N.1    Žagar, M.2    Cedilnik, J.3    Gregorič, G.4    Rakovec, J.5
  • 37
    • 34848819368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similarity theory and calculation of turbulent fluxes at the surface for stably stratified atmospheric boundary layers
    • Zilitinkevich SS, Essau I. 2007. Similarity theory and calculation of turbulent fluxes at the surface for stably stratified atmospheric boundary layers. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 125: 193-205.
    • (2007) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.125 , pp. 193-205
    • Zilitinkevich, S.S.1    Essau, I.2
  • 38
    • 34848855725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure model for stably stratified flows. Part I: Steady state homogenous regimes
    • Zilitinkevich SS, Elperin T, Kleeorin N, Rogachevskii I. 2007. Energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure model for stably stratified flows. Part I: Steady state homogenous regimes. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 125: 167-191.
    • (2007) Boundary-Layer Meteorol , vol.125 , pp. 167-191
    • Zilitinkevich, S.S.1    Elperin, T.2    Kleeorin, N.3    Rogachevskii, I.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.