Urinary Tract Infections: Diagnosis and Management in the Emergency Department

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 413-430

  Norris II, Donald L ^a   Young, Jeremy D ^b  

^a THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY WEXNER MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; AMPICILLIN; ANALGESIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIEMETIC AGENT; BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITOR; CARBAPENEM DERIVATIVE; CEFEPIME; CEFPODOXIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE; CILASTATIN PLUS IMIPENEM; CIPROFLOXACIN; COTRIMOXAZOLE; ERTAPENEM; FOLIC ACID ANTAGONIST; GENTAMICIN; IMIPENEM; MEROPENEM; NITROFURANTOIN; PENICILLIN DERIVATIVE; PHENAZOPYRIDINE; PIPERACILLIN PLUS TAZOBACTAM; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; SULFAFURAZOLE; TAZOBACTAM; TOBRAMYCIN; UNINDEXED DRUG; VANCOMYCIN;

ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; EMERGENCY WARD; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; URINARY TRACT INFECTION; URINE CULTURE;

EID: 41749105791     PISSN: 07338627     EISSN: 07338627     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2008.02.003     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Stamm W.E., and Hooton T.M. Management of urinary tract infections in adults. N Engl J Med 329 18 (1993) 1328-1334
2. Ramakrishnan K., and Scheid D.C. Diagnosis and management of acute pyelonephritis in adults. Am Fam Physician 71 5 (2005) 933-942
3. Marx J. Clinical practice of emergency medicine. In: Hockberger R., and Walls R. (Eds). Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice. 6th edition (2006), Mosby, Inc, St. Louis (MO) 428-434
4. Boie E., Goyal D., and Sadosty A. Urinary tract infections. In: Wolfson A. (Ed). Clinical practice of emergency medicine (2005), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
5. Krieger J.N. Urinary tract infections: what's new?. J Urol 168 6 (2002) 2351-2358
6. Gupta K., Hooton T.M., and Stamm W.E. Increasing antimicrobial resistance and the management of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections. Ann Intern Med 135 1 (2001) 41-50
7. Lipsky B.A. Prostatitis and urinary tract infection in men: what's new; what's true?. Am J Med 106 3 (1999) 327-334
8. Ronald A. The etiology of urinary tract infection: traditional and emerging pathogens. Am J Med 113 Suppl 1A (2002) 14S-19S
9. Bass III P.F., Jarvis J.A., and Mitchell C.K. Urinary tract infections. Prim Care 30 1 (2003) 41-61 v-vi
10. Bent S., et al. Does this woman have an acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection?. JAMA 287 20 (2002) 2701-2710
11. Rehmani R. Accuracy of urine dipstick to predict urinary tract infections in an emergency department. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 16 1 (2004) 4-7
12. Lammers R.L., et al. Comparison of test characteristics of urine dipstick and urinalysis at various test cutoff points. Ann Emerg Med 38 5 (2001) 505-512
13. Wiwanitkit V., Udomsantisuk N., and Boonchalermvichian C. Diagnostic value and cost utility analysis for urine Gram stain and urine microscopic examination as screening tests for urinary tract infection. Urol Res 33 3 (2005) 220-222
14. Kass E.H. Asymptomatic infections of the urinary tract. Trans Assoc Am Physicians 69 (1956) 56-64
15. Gupta K., Scholes D., and Stamm W.E. Increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens causing acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. JAMA 281 8 (1999) 736-738
16. Stamm W.E., et al. Diagnosis of coliform infection in acutely dysuric women. N Engl J Med 307 8 (1982) 463-468
17. McMurray B.R., Wrenn K.D., and Wright S.W. Usefulness of blood cultures in pyelonephritis. Am J Emerg Med 15 2 (1997) 137-140
18. Warren J.W., et al. Guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of uncomplicated acute bacterial cystitis and acute pyelonephritis in women. Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Clin Infect Dis 29 4 (1999) 745-758
19. Hooton T., et al. Acute uncomplicated cystitis in an era of increasing antibiotic resistance: a proposed approach to empirical therapy. Clin Infect Dis 39 (2004) 75-80
20. Gupta K., et al. Antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens that cause community-acquired urinary tract infections in women: a nationwide analysis. Clin Infect Dis 33 1 (2001) 89-94
21. Ansbach R.K., Dybus K., and Bergeson R. Uncomplicated E. coli urinary tract infection in college women: a follow-up study of E. coli sensitivities to commonly prescribed antibiotics. J Am Coll Health 54 2 (2005) 81-84 [discussion: 85-6]
22. Livermore D.M., et al. Trends in fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from bacteremias, England and Wales, 1990-1999. Emerg Infect Dis 8 5 (2002) 473-478
23. Zhanel G.G., et al. Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli outpatient urinary isolates: final results from the North American Urinary Tract Infection Collaborative Alliance (NAUTICA). Int J Antimicrob Agents 27 6 (2006) 468-475
24. Karlowsky J.A., et al. Fluoroquinolone-resistant urinary isolates of Escherichia coli from outpatients are frequently multidrug resistant: results from the North American Urinary Tract Infection Collaborative Alliance-Quinolone Resistance study. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother 50 6 (2006) 2251-2254
25. Killgore K.M., March K.L., and Guglielmo B.J. Risk factors for community-acquired ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli urinary tract infection. Ann Pharmacother 38 7-8 (2004) 1148-1152
26. Gupta K., Hooton T.M., and Stamm W.E. Isolation of fluoroquinolone-resistant rectal Escherichia coli after treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis. J Antimicrob Chemother 56 1 (2005) 243-246
27. Karlowsky J.A., et al. Susceptibility of antimicrobial-resistant urinary Escherichia coli isolates to fluoroquinolones and nitrofurantoin. Clin Infect Dis 36 2 (2003) 183-187
28. Turck M., Ronald A.R., and Petersdorf R.G. Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae to nitrofurantoin correlated with eradication of bacteriuria. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother (Bethesda) 6 (1966) 446-452
29. Barry A.L. Nitrofurantoin susceptibility test criteria. J Antimicrob Chemother 25 4 (1990) 711-713
30. Conklin J.D. The pharmacokinetics of nitrofurantoin and its related bioavailability. Antibiot Chemother 25 (1978) 233-252
31. Schmidt F.H. (On the decomposition of nitrofuran derivatives by mammalian tissue. Klin Wochenschr 44 11 (1966) 653-654 [in German]
32. D'Arcy P.F. Nitrofurantoin. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 19 7-8 (1985) 540-547
33. Dudley M. Pharmacokinetics of fluoroquinolones. In: Hooper D.C., and Rubinstein E. (Eds). Quinolone antimicrobial agents. 3rd edition (2003), ASM Press, Washington (DC)
34. Lode H., et al. Quinolone pharmacokinetics and metabolism. J Antimicrob Chemother 26 Suppl B (1990) 41-49
35. Stass H., and Kubitza D. Pharmacokinetics and elimination of moxifloxacin after oral and intravenous administration in man. J Antimicrob Chemother 43 Suppl B (1999) 83-90
36. Nicolle L.E., et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults. Clin Infect Dis 40 5 (2005) 643-654
37. Hooton T.M., et al. A prospective study of asymptomatic bacteriuria in sexually active young women. N Engl J Med 343 14 (2000) 992-997
38. Bengtsson C., et al. Bacteriuria in a population sample of women: 24-year follow-up study. Results from the prospective population-based study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Urol Nephrol 32 4 (1998) 284-289
39. Engel J.D., and Schaeffer A.J. Evaluation of and antimicrobial therapy for recurrent urinary tract infections in women. Urol Clin North Am 25 4 (1998) 685-701 x
40. Wadsworth S.J., and Suh B. In vitro displacement of bilirubin by antibiotics and 2-hydroxybenzoylglycine in newborns. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother 32 10 (1988) 1571-1575
41. Ben David S., et al. The safety of nitrofurantoin during the first trimester of pregnancy: meta-analysis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 9 5 (1995) 503-507
42. Stein G.E. Single-dose treatment of acute cystitis with fosfomycin tromethamine. Ann Pharmacother 32 2 (1998) 215-219
43. Vercaigne L.M., and Zhanel G.G. Recommended treatment for urinary tract infection in pregnancy. Ann Pharmacother 28 2 (1994) 248-251
44. ACOG educational bulletin. Antimicrobial therapy for obstetric patients. Number 245, March 1998 (replaces no. 117, June 1988). American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 61 3 (1998) 299-308
45. Millar L.K., et al. Outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 86 4 Pt 1 (1995) 560-564
46. Wing D.A., et al. Outpatient treatment of acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy after 24 weeks. Obstet Gynecol 94 5 Pt 1 (1999) 683-688