Analysis of the kinematical demands imposed on top-class assistant referees during competitive soccer matches

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 235-242

  Mallo, Javier ^a   Navarro, Enrique ^a   García Aranda, Jose M ^b   Gilis, Bart ^c   Helsen, Werner ^c  

^a Universidad Politécnica de Madrid   (Spain)

^b FIFA MEDICAL CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE   (Switzerland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Association football; Bidimensional photogrammetry; Fitness tests; Match analysis

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; EXERCISE; FATIGUE; FITNESS; HUMAN; MALE; PHYSIOLOGY; PROBABILITY; SPORT; TASK PERFORMANCE;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; BIOMECHANICS; EXERTION; FATIGUE; HUMANS; MALE; PHYSICAL FITNESS; PROBABILITY; SOCCER; TASK PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS;

EID: 41649116289     PISSN: 10648011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31815fa1d3     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Abdel-Aziz, YI and Karara, HM. Direct linear transformation from comparator coordinates into space coordinates in close range photogrammetry. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on close range photogrammetry. The American Society of Photogrammetry, ed. Falls Church, Va., 1971. pp. 1-18.
2. Allard, P, Blanchi, JP, and Aissaqui, R. Bases of three-dimensional reconstruction. In: Three Dimensional Analysis of Human Movement. Allard, P, Stokes, IAF, and Bianchi, JP, eds. Champaign; IL: Human Kinetics, 1995. pp. 19-40.
3. Atkinson, G and Nevill, AM. Statistical methods for assessing measurement error (reliability) in variables relevant to sports medicine. Sports Med 26: 217-238, 1988.
4. Balsom, PD, Wood, K, Olsson, P, and Ekblom, B. Carbohydrate intake and multiple sprint sports with special reference to football (soccer). Int J Sports Med 20: 48-52, 1999.
5. Bangsbo, J, Norregaard, L, and Thorso, F. Activity profile of competition soccer. Can J Sports Sci 16: 110-116, 1991.
6. Bansbo, J, Norregaard, L, and Thorso, F. The effect of carbohydrate diet on intermittent exercise performance. Int J Sports Med 13: 152-157, 1992.
7. Castagna, C, and Abt, G. Intermatch variation of match activity in elite Italian soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 17: 388-392, 2003.
8. Castagna, C, and D'Ottavio, S. Effect of maximal aerobic power on match performance in elite soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 15: 420-425, 2001.
9. Castagna, C, Abt, G, and D'Ottavio, S. Relation between fitness tests and match performance in elite Italian soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 16: 231-235, 2002.
10. Castagna, C, Abt, G, and D'Ottavio, S. The relationship between selected blood lactate thresholds and match performance in elite soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 16: 623-627, 2002.
11. Castagna, C, Abt, G, and D'Ottavio, S. Activity profile of international-level soccer referees during competitive matches. J Strength Cond Res 18: 486-490, 2004.
12. Challis, JH and Kerwin, DG. Accuracy assessment and control point configuration when using the DLT for photogrammetry. J Biomech 25: 1053-1058, 1992.
13. Cooper, K. Testing and developing cardiovascular fitness. In: Exercise, Science and Fitness. E. Burke, J, ed. New York: Movement Publications, 1980. pp. 45-55.
14. D'Ottavio, S and Castagna, C. Analysis of match activities in elite soccer referees during actual match play. J Strength Cond Res 15: 167-171, 2001.
15. rd Man: Sports Medical Advice for Football Referees. Leizpig: Gersöne-Druck, 1996. pp. 7-19.
16. Ekblom, B. Applied physiology of soccer. Sports Med. 3: 50-60, 1986.
17. Helsen, W, and Bultynck, JB. Physical and perceptual-cognitive demands of top-class refereeing in association football. J Sports Sci 22: 179-189, 2004.
18. Helsen, W, Gilis, B, and Weston, M. Errors in judging "offside" in association football: Test of the optical error versus the perceptual flash-lag hypothesis. J Sports Sci 24: 521-528, 2006.
19. Jacobs, I, Westilin, N, Karlsson, J, Rasmusson, M, and Houghton, B. Muscle glycogen and diet in elite soccer players. Eur J Appl Physiol 48: 297-302, 1982.
20. Krustrup, P and Bangsbo, J. Physiological demands of top-class soccer refereeing in relation to physical capacity: effect of intense intermittent exercise training. J Sports Sci 19: 881-891, 2001.
21. Krustrup, P, Mohr, M, and Bangsbo, J. Activity profile and physiological demands of top-class soccer assistant refereeing in relation to training status. J Sports Sci 20: 861-871, 2002.
22. Krustrup, P, Mohr, M, Amstrup, T, Rysgaard, T, Johansen, J, A. Steensberg, Pedersen, PK, and Bangsbo, J. The Yo-yo intermittent recovery test: physiological response, reliability, and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 35: 697-705, 2003.
23. Krustrup, P, Mohr, M, Ellinsgaard, H, and Bangsbo, J. Physical demands during an elite female soccer game: importance of training status. Med Sci Sports Exerc 37: 1242-1248, 2005.
24. Lees, A, and Nolan, L. The biomechanics of soccer: A review. J Sports Sci 16: 211-234, 1998.
25. Mallo, J and Navarro, E. Analysis of the load imposed on under-19 soccer players during typical football training drills. J Sports Sci 22: 510-511, 2004.
26. Mallo, J, Navarro, E, Garcia-Aranda, JM, Gilis, B, and Helsen, W. Physical performance and activity profile of top-class association football referees in relation to physical capacity. J Sports Sci 25: 805-813, 2007.
27. Mohr, M, Krustrup, P, and Bangsbo, J. Match performance of highstandard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. J Sports Sci 21: 519-528, 2003.
28. Mohr, M, Krustrup, P, Nybo, L, Nielsen, JJ, and Bangsbo, J. Muscle temperature and sprint performance during soccer matches - beneficial effect of re-warm-up at half time. Scand J Med Sci Sports 14: 156-162, 2004.
29. Mohr, M, Krustrup, P, and Bangsbo, J. Fatigue in soccer: A brief review. J Sports Sci 23: 593-599, 2005.
30. Reilly, T and Bowen, T. Exertional costs of changes in directional modes of running. Percept Mot Skills 58: 149-150, 1984.
31. Reilly, Tand Thomas, V. A motion analysis of work-rate in different positional roles in professional football match-play. J Human Mov Stud 2: 87-97, 1976.
32. Reilly, T and Gregson, W. Special populations: the referee and assistant referee. J Sports Sci 24: 795-801, 2006.
33. Saltin, B. Metabolic fundamentals in exercise. Med Sci Sports 5: 137-146, 1973.
34. Stolen, T, Chamari, K, Castagna, C, and Wisloff, U. Physiology of soccer. An update. Sports Med 35: 501-536, 2005.
35. Thomas, JR, and Nelson, JK. Research methods in physical activity. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. 2001.
36. Weston, M, Helsen, W, MacMahon, C, and Kirkendall, D. The impact of specific high-intensity training sessions on football referees' fitness levels. Am J Sports Med 32: S54-S61, 2004.
37. Woltring, HJ. On optimal smoothing and derivate estimation from noisy displacement data in biomechanics. Human Mov Sci 4: 229-245, 1985.