Overview of electronic waste (e-waste) management practices and legislations, and their poor applications in the developing countries

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

Volumn 52, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 843-858

  Nnorom, I C ^a   Osibanjo, O ^b  

^a ABIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (Nigeria)

^b UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN   (Nigeria)

Author keywords

Developing countries; e waste; Extended producer responsibility; Product take back

Indexed keywords

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; LAWS AND LEGISLATION; RECYCLING;

E-WASTE; EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY (EPR); PRODUCT TAKE-BACK;

WASTE MANAGEMENT;

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; LAWS AND LEGISLATION; RECYCLING; WASTE MANAGEMENT;

DEVELOPING WORLD; ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY; HAZARDOUS WASTE; RECYCLING; WASTE DISPOSAL; WASTE MANAGEMENT;

DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DUMPING; LAW; RECYCLING; REVIEW; WASTE MANAGEMENT;

EID: 41649115591     PISSN: 09213449     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2008.01.004     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Antrekowitsch H, Potesser M, Spruzina W, Prior F. Metallurgical recycling of electronic scrap. In: Howard SM, Stephen RL, Newman CJ, Hwang J-YJ, Gokhale AM, Chen TT, Battle TP, Free ML, Davis BR, Harris CL, Henein H, Anyalebechi PN, Powell AC, Krumdick GK, Belt CK, editors. Proceedings of EPD Congress 2006. The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), 2006.
2. Asent-Duah D.K., Saccomanno F.F., and Shortreed J.H. The hazardous waste trade: can it be controlled? ES&T Features. Environ Sci Technol 26 9 (1992) 1684-1693
3. Bailey I. European environmental taxes and charges: economic theory and policy practice. Applied geography, vol. 22 (2002), Elsevier p. 235-51
4. BAN (Basel Action Network). The digital dump: exporting re-use and abuse to Africa. Basel Action Network. October 24, 2005. In: Puckett J, editor. A project of Earth Economics. http://www.ban.org.
5. BAN/SVTC (Basel Action Network/silicon Valley Coalition). Exporting harm: the high tech trashing of Asia. The Basel Action Network and Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. February 25, 2002. In: Puckett J, Smith T, editors.
6. BC (Basel Convention). Creating innovative solutions through the Basel Convention for the environmentally sound management of electronic wastes World forum on e-waste: note by Secretariat (including elements for a declaration on environmentally sound management of e-waste). Conference of the parties to the basel convention on the trans-boundary movement of hazardous wastes and their disposal. Basel Convention. Nairobi, 27 November-1 December (2006)
7. Castell A., Clift R., and France C. Extended producer responsibility policy in European Union: a horse or a camel?. J Ind Ecol 8 1/2 (2004) 4-7
8. Cooper T. Slower consumption: Reflections on product life spans and the "throwaway society". J Ind Ecol 9 1/2 (2005) 51-67
9. Cui J., and Forssberg E. Mechanical recycling or waste electric and electronic equipment; a review. J Hazard Mater B99 (2003) 243-263
10. Darby L., and Obara L. Household recycling behavior and attitude towards the disposal of small electrical and electronic equipment. Res Conserv Recycl 44 (2005) 17-35
11. Dickenson J. Electronic signals: a year into the EU WEEE Directive. Waste Manag World (2006) 37-47 July-August
12. Finlay A. E-waste challenges in developing countries: South Africa case study. APC Issue Papers. Association for Progressive Communications. November 2005. http://www.apc.org.
13. Fishbein B.K. End-of-life management of electronics abroad. Waste in the wireless world: the challenge of cell phones (2002), INFORM Inc., New York. http://www.informinc.org
14. Fisher M.M., Mark F.E., Kingsbury T., Vehlow J., and Yamawaki T. Energy recovery in the sustainable recycling of plastic from end-of-life electrical and electronic products. International symposium on electronics and the environment (2005 ISEE/Summit). New Orleans, LA, USA, 16-19 May (2005)
15. Greenpeace. Recycling of electronic waste in China and India: Workplace and environmental contamination. Greenpeace Report (Brigden K, Labunska I, Santillo D, Allsopp M). Greenpeace International; August, 2005.
16. Gutowski T., Murphy C., Allen D., Bauer D., Brass B., Piwonka T., Sheng P., Sutherland J., Thurston D., and Wolf E. Environmentally benign manufacturing: observations from Japan, Europe and the United States. J Cleaner Prod 13 (2005) 1-17
17. Hageluken C. Recycling of electronic scrap at Umicore's integrated metal smelter and refinery. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference EMC 2005. September 18-21, 2005, Dresden, Germany (2005)
18. Hageluken C. Improving metal returns and eco-efficiency in electronic recycling - a holistic approach to interface optimization between pre-processing and integrated metal smelting and refining. Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE international symposium on electronics and the environment. San Francisco, 8-11 May (2006) 218-223
19. Hicks C., Dietmar R., and Eugster M. The recycling and disposal of electronic waste in China-legislative and market response. Environ Impact Assess Rev 25 (2005) 459-471
20. Hischier R., Wager P., and Gauglhofer J. Does WEEE recycling make sense from an environmental perspective? The environmental impacts of the Swiss take-back and recycling systems for waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Environ Impact Assess Rev 25 (2005) 525-539
21. Hume A., Grimes S., Jackson T., and Boyce J. Implementing producer responsibility: managing end-of-life consumables in an IT-service industry. Proceeding of the international symposium on electronics and the environment 2002 IEEE. San Francisco, CA, USA, May 6-9 (2002) 144-149
22. INFORM. Electric appliance recycling in Japan (February, 2003), INFORM Inc., New York
23. INFORM. PC recycling in Japan (February, 2004), INFORM Inc., New York
24. Kang H.-Y., and Schoenung J.M. Used consumer electronics: a comparative analysis of material recycling technologies. 2004 IEEE international symposium on electronics and the environment. Phoenix, AZ, May 10-13 (2004)
25. Kanzawa O., and Takahashi M. Establishment of global recycling network. Fujitsu Sci Tech J 41 2 (2005) 242-250 [July, 2005]
26. Kibert NC. Extended producer responsibility: a tool for achieving sustainable development. J Land Use Environ Law 2004;19:503-23. http://www.law.fsu.edu/journals/landuse/vol19_2/kibert.pdf.
27. Kim S., Hwang T., and Overcash M. Life cycle assessment study of color computer monitor. LCA case studies. Int J Life Cycle Anal 6 1 (2001) 35-43
28. Kojima M. Towards appropriate resource recycling in Asia. In: Michika Kojima, editor. International trade of recyclable resources in Asia; 2005.
29. Krikke HR, Le Blanc HM, Van de Velde S. Creating value from returns: the impact of product life cycle management on circular supply chains-and reverse. CenteR Applied Research Working Paper No. 2003-02, January 2003.
30. Kumar V., Bee D.J., Shirodkar P.S., Tumkor S., Bettig B.P., and Sutherland J.W. Towards sustainable product and material flow cycles: identifying barriers to achieving product multi-use and zero waste. Proceedings of IMECE 2005. 2005 ASME international mechanical engineering congress and exposition. Orlando, FL, USA, November 5-11 (2005)
31. Langrova V. Comparative analysis of EPR programmes for small consumer batteries: case study of the Netherlands, Switzerland and Sweden. IIIEE Report 2002:9. The International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics, IIIEE, Lund University; 2002.
32. Lee C.-H., Chang C.-T., Fan K.-S., and Chang T.-C. An overview of recycling and treatment of scrap computers. J Hazard Mater B114 (2004) 93-100
33. Lee C.-H., Chang S.-L., Wang K.-M., and Wen L.-C. Management of scrap computer recycling in Taiwan. J Hazard Mater A73 (2000) 209-220
34. Leung A., Cai Z.W., and Wong M.H. Environmental contamination from e-waste recycling at Guiyu, Southeast China. Proceedings of the 3rd workshop on material cycles and waste management in Asia. Tokyo, 14-15 December (2004) 73-84
35. Li J, Wen X, Liu T, Honda S. Policies, management, technologies and facilities for the treatment of electrical and electronic wastes in China. The China-Netherlands Seminar on Recycling of electronic Wastes, 2004, Beijing. http://www.bcrc.cn/en/Backup/Meetings/China-Netherland/10.pdf.
36. Lindhqvist T. Extended producer responsibility in cleaner production. IIIEE Dissertation. 2000:2, Lund, Sweden. The International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics, IIIEE, Lund University; 2000.
37. Lindhqvist T., and Lifset R. Can we take the concept of individual producer responsibility from theory to practice?. J Ind Ecol 7 2 (2003) 3-6
38. Liu X., Tanaka M., and Matsui Y. Electrical and electronic waste management in China: progress and the barrier to overcome. Waste Manag Res 24 (2006) 92-101
39. Macauley M, Palmer K, Shih J-S, Cline S, Holsinger H. Modeling the costs and environmental benefits of disposal options for end-of-life electronic equipment: the case of used computer monitors. Resources for the Future. Discussion Paper, 10-27 June, 2001.
40. Maxwell D. Products and the environment - extended producer responsibility for manufacturers. Environ Energy Manag (September/October 2001) 11-15
41. Milojkovic J., and Litovski V. Concepts of computer take-back for sustainable end-of-life. FACTA UNIVERSITATIS. Working Living Environ Prot 2 5 (2005) 363-372
42. Musson S.E., Jang Y.-C., Townsend T.G., and Chung I.-H. Characterization of lead leachability from cathode ray tubes using the toxicity characterization leaching procedure. Environ Sci Technol 34 (2000) 4376-4381
43. Nnorom I.C., Osibanjo O., and Nnorom S.O. Achieving resource conservation in electronic waste management: a review of options available to developing countries. J Appl Sci 7 20 (2007) 2918-2933
44. OECD. Extended producer responsibility: a guidance manual for governments. Paris: OECD; 2001.
45. OECD. Towards sustainable household consumption? Trends and Policies in OECD Countries. Paris: OECD; 2002.
46. Oh S, Thompson S. Do sustainable computers result from design for environment and extended producer responsibility?: analyzing e-waste programs in Europe and Canada. 'Waste Site Stories' ISWA/DAKOFA Annual Congress. October 2006. http://www.iswa2006.org/PDF/Pressroom/HS_Executive_Summaries_(all)_final_060912.pdf; 2006.
47. Osibanjo O., and Nnorom I.C. The challenge of electronic waste (e-waste) management in developing countries. Waste Manag Res 25 6 (2007) 489-501
48. Quinn L. Extended producer responsibility: new direction for waste management. Eco J; March/April, 2006.
49. Raymond M. Getting your product back: coping with the challenge of global electronics. Proceeding of the international symposium on electronics and the environment 2002 IEEE. San Francisco, CA, USA, May 6-9, 2002 (2002) 89-92
50. Roman L.S., and Puckett J. E-scrap exportation: challenges and considerations. Proceeding of the international symposium on electronics and the environment 2002 IEEE. San Francisco, CA, USA, May 6-9, 2002 (2002) 79-84
51. Sinha-Khetriwal D., Kraeuchi P., and Schwaninger M. A comparison of electronic waste recycling in Switzerland and in India. Environ Impact Assess Rev 25 (2005) 492-504
52. StEP. Solving the e-waste problem: a synthetic approach (StEP). Draft project Document: 2005. http://step.ewaste.ch; 2005.
53. Van Rossem C, Tojo N, Lindhqvist T. Extended producer responsibility: an examination of its impact on innovation and greening products. The IIIEE Report commissioned by Greenpeace International, Friends of the Earth Europe, and European Environmental Bureau; September, 2006.
54. Walls M. Extended producer responsibility and product design: economic theory and selected case studies. Discussion Paper. RFF DP 06-08. Resources for the Future. March 2006. Resource for the Future, Washington.
55. Widmer R., Oswald-Krapf H., Sinha-Khetriwal A., Scnellmann M., and Boni H. Global perspectives on the e-waste. Environ Impact Assess. Rev 25 (2005) 436-458
56. Wong C.S.C., Wu S.C., Duzgoren-Aydin N.S., Aydin A., and Wong M.H. Trace metal contamination of sediments in an e-waste processing village in China. Environ Pollut 145 2 (2007) 434-442
57. Yla-Mella Y, Pongracz E, Keiski RL. Recovery of waste electrical and electronic Equipment (WEEE) in Finland. In: Pongracz E, editor. Proceedings of the waste minimization and resource use optimization conference, June 10, 2004, Oulu, Finland. p. 83-92. http://www.oulu.fi/resopt/wasmin/ylamella.pdf.