On the calculation of electric fields and currents of mesoscale convective systems

Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres

Volumn 109, Issue 11, 2004, Pages

  Davydenko, S S ^a   Mareev, E A ^a   Marshall, T C ^b   Stolzenburg, M ^b  

^a INSTITUTE OF APPLIED PHYSICS   (Russian Federation)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI   (United States)

Author keywords

Electric currents; Global circuit

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY; CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; ELECTRIC FIELD; MESOSCALE MOTION; THUNDERSTORM;

EID: 4143114665     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2003JD003832     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Blakeslee, R. J., H. J. Christian, and B. Vonnegut (1989), Electrical measurements over thunderstorms, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 13,135-13,140.
2. Browning, G. L., 1. Tzur, and R. G. Roble (1987), A global time-dependent model of thunderstorm electricity. 1. Mathematical properties of the physical and numerical models, J Atmos. Sci., 44, 2166-2177.
3. Cole, R. K., and E. T. Pierce (1965), Electrification in the Earth's atmosphere for altitudes between 0 and 100 kilometers, J Geophys. Res., 70, 2735-2749.
4. Fukunishi, H., Y Takahashi, M. Kubota, K. Sakanoi, U. S. Inan, and W. A. Lyons (1996), Elves: Lightning-induced transient luminous events in the lower ionosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett.,23,2157-2160.
5. Gish, 0. H., and G. R. Wait (1950), Thunderstorms and the Earth's general electrification, J Geophys. Res., 55, 473-484.
6. Hays, R. B., and R. G. Roble (1979), A quasi-static model of atmospheric electricity: 1. The lower atmosphere, J Geophys. Res., 84, 3291-3305.
7. Holzer, R. E., and D. S. Saxon (1952), Distribution of electrical conduction currents in the vicinity of thunderstorms, J. Geophys. Res., 57, 207-261
8. Kazernir, H. W. (1959), The thunderstorm as a generator in a global electric circuit (in German), Z Geophys., 25,33-64.
9. Lyons, W. A. (1996), Sprite observations above the U.S. High Plains in relation to their parent thunderstorm systems, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 29,641-29,652.
10. Makino, M., and T. Ogawa (1984), Responses of atmospheric electric field and air-Earth current to variations of conductivity profiles, J Atmos. Terr. Phys., 46(5), 431-445.
11. Marshall, T. C., and W. D. Rust (1993), Two types of vertical electrical structures in stratiform. precipitation regions of mesoscale convective regions, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 78(11),2159-2170.
12. Marshall, T. C., and M. Stolzenburg (2001), Voltages inside and just above thunderstorms, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 4757-4768.
13. Marshall, T. C., and M. Stolzenburg (2002), Electrical energy constraints on lightning, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D7), 4052, doi: 10.1029/2000JD000024.
14. Marshall, T. C., M. Stolzenburg, and W. D. Rust (1996), Electric field measurements above mesoscale convective systems, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 6979-6996.
15. Park, C. G., and M. Dejnakarintra (1977), Thundereloud electric fields in the ionosphere, in Electrical Processes in Atmospheres, edited by H. Dolezalek and R. Reiter, pp. 544-551, Steinkopff, Darmstadt, Germany.
16. Pasko, V.P.,U.S. Inan, T.F. Bell, and Y.N. Taranenko (1997), Sprites produced by quasi-6ectrostatic heating and ionization in the lower atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 4529-4561.
17. Rosen, J. M., and D. J. Hofinann (1981), Balloon-borne measurements of electrical conductivity, mobility, and the recombination coefficient, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 7406-7410.
18. Rutledge, S. A., and D. R. MacGorman (1988), Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the 10- 11 June 1985 mesoscale convective system observed during OK PRE-STORM, Mon. Weather Rev.,116,1393-1408.
19. Schuur, T. J., and S. A. Rutledge (2000), Electrification of stratiform regions in mesoscale convective systems. Part 1: An observational comparison of symmetric and asymmetric MCSs, J. Atmos. ScL, 57(13), 1961-1982.
20. Sentman, D., and E. Wescott (1995), Red sprites and blue jets: Thunderstorm: Excited optical emissions in the stratosphere, mesosphere, and ionosphere, Phys. Plasmas, 2, 2514-2522.
21. Smirnova, E. I., E. A. Mareev, and Y. V Chugunov (2000), Modeling of lightning generated electric field transitional processes, Geophys. Res. Lett.,27,3833-3836.
22. Stolzenburg, M.,T.C. Marshall, W. D. Rust, and B. F. Smull (1994), Horizontal distribution of electrical and meteorological conditions across the stratiform region of a mesoscale convective system, Mon. Weather Rev., 1228, 1777-1797.
23. Stolzenburg, M.,W.D. Rust, B.F.Smull, and T.C. Marshall (1998a), Electrical structure in thunderstorm convective regions: 1. Mesocale convective systems, J Geophys. Res., 103,14,059-14,078.
24. Stolzenburg, M.,W.D. Rust, B.F. Smull, and T.C. Marshall (1998b), Electrical structure in thunderstorm convective regions: 2.Isolated storrns, J Geophys. Res., 103,14,079-14,096.
25. Stolzenburg, M., W. D. Rust, B. F. Smull, and T. C. Marshall (1998c), Electrical structure in thunderstorm convective regions: 3.Synthesis, J Geophys. Res., 103, 14,097-14,108.
26. Stolzenburg, M., T. C. Marshall, and W. D. Rust (200 1), Serial soundings of electric field through a mesoscale convective system, J Geophys. Res., 106, 12,371-12,380.
27. Tzur, L, and R. G. Roble (1985), The interaction of a dipolar thunderstorm with its global electrical environment, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 5989-5999.
28. Willett, J. C. (1979), Solar modulation of the supply current for atmospheric electricity?, J Geophys. Res., 84, 4999-5002.
29. Williams, E. R. (1998), The positive charge reservoir for sprite-producing lightning, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys.,60(7-9),689-692.
30. Wilson, C. T. R. (1924), The electric field of a thundercloud and some of its effects, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 37(l), 32D-37D.