Nanoscale morphology of conjugated polymer/fullerene-based bulk-heterojunction solar cells

Advanced Functional Materials

Volumn 14, Issue 10, 2004, Pages 1005-1011

  Hoppe, Harald ^a   Niggemann, Michael ^b   Winder, Christoph ^a   Kraut, Jürgen ^c   Hiesgen, Renate ^c   Hinsch, Andreas ^b   Meissner, Dieter ^a,d   Sariciftci, Niyazi Serdar ^a  

^a JOHANNES KEPLER UNIVERSITY LINZ   (Austria)

^b FRAUNHOFER INSTITUTE FOR SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS ISE   (Germany)

^c ESSLINGEN UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES UPPER AUSTRIA   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CURRENT VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS; FULLERENES; HEAT TREATMENT; HETEROJUNCTIONS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; PHOTOCURRENTS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; POLYMER BLENDS; SOLUBILITY; TOLUENE;

CHLOROBENZENE; NANOMORPHOLOGY; SOLID-STATE BLENDS; SPIN-CASTING;

SOLAR CELLS;

EID: 4143073461     PISSN: 1616301X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200305026     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. C. J. Brabec, N. S. Sariciftci, J. C. Hummelen, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2001, 11, 15.
2. V. Dyakonov, Phys. E (Amsterdam, Neth.) 2002, 14, 53.
3. Organic Photovoltaics (Eds: C. J. Brabec, V. Dyakonov, J. Parisi, N. S. Sariciftci), Springer Series in Materials Science, Vol. 60, Springer, Berlin, Germany 2003.
4. J. Nelson, Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 2002, 6, 87.
5. J.-M. Nunzi, C. R. Phys. 2002, 3, 523.
6. G. Yu, A. J. Heeger, J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 78, 4510.
7. G. Yu, J. Gao, J. C. Hummelen, F. Wudl, A. J. Heeger, Science 1995, 270, 1789.
8. J. J. M. Halls, C. A. Walsh, N. C. Greenham, E. A. Marseglia, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Nature 1995, 376, 498.
9. S. E. Shaheen, C. J. Brabec, N. S. Sariciftci, F. Padinger, T. Fromherz, J. C. Hummelen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 78, 841.
10. C. W. Tang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1986, 48, 183.
11. D. Wöhrle, D. Meissner, Adv. Mater. 1991, 3, 129.
12. N. S. Sariciftci, D. Braun, C. Zhang, V. I. Srdanov, A. J. Heeger, G. Stucky, F. Wudl, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1993, 62, 585.
13. J. J. M. Halls, K. Pichler, R. H. Friend, S. C. Moratti, A. B. Holmes, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 3120.
14. a) L. S. Roman, W. Mammo, L. A. A. Pettersson, M. R. Andersson, O. Ingauäs, Adv. Mater. 1998, 10, 774.
15. b) L. A. A. Petterson, L. S. Roman, O. Inganäs, J. Appl. Phys. 1999, 86, 487.
16. T. Stübinger, W. Brütting, J. Appl. Phys. 2001, 90, 3632.
17. a) P. A. Lane, J. Rostalski, C. Giebeler, S. J. Martin, D. D. C. Bradley, D. Meissner, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2000, 63, 3.
18. b) J. Rostalski, D. Meissner, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2000, 63, 37.
19. J. Rostalski, D. Meissner, Synth. Met. 2001, 121, 1551.
20. M. Hiramoto, H. Fujiwara, M. Yokoyama, J. Appl. Phys. 1992, 8, 3781.
21. H. Hoppe, N. Arnold, N. S. Sariciftci, D. Meissner, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2003, 80, 105.
22. T. Martens, J. D'Haen, T. Munters, Z. Beelen, L. Goris, J. Manca, M. D'Olieslaeger, D. Vanderzande, L. De Schepper, R. Andriessen, Synth. Met. 2003, 138, 243.
23. T. Martens, Z. Beelen, J. D'Haen, T. Munters, L. Goris, J. Manca, M. D'Olieslaeger, D. Vanderzande, L. De Schepper, R. Andriessen, Proc. SPIE-lnt. Soc. Opt. Eng. 2002, 4801, 40.
24. Transmission electron microscopy shows a diffraction pattern of hexagonal reflections due to the crystalline structure of the aggregates.
25. M. S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, P. C. Eklund, Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes, Academic Press, San Diego, CA 1996, Ch. 13.
26. a) P. J. Flory, Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY 1953.
27. b) P. G. de Gennes, Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY 1979.
28. M. Doi, Introduction to Polymer Physics, Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK 1996.
29. C. L. Gettenger, A. J. Heeger, J. M. Drake, D. J. Pine, J. Chem. Phys. 1994, 101, 1673.
30. T. O. Nguyen, V. Doan, B. J. Schwartz, J. Chem. Phys. 1999, 110, 4068.
31. H. Becker, Covion Organic Semiconductors GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany, personal communication.