The effect of refraction on oblique angles of Multibeam Echo-Sounders due to sound speed changes through the water column

Hydrographic Journal

Volumn , Issue 113, 2004, Pages 15-20

  Batton, Desireé ^a  

^a United States Strategic Command   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC WAVE; ECHO SOUNDER; ERROR ANALYSIS; REFRACTION; SWATH BATHYMETRY; WATER COLUMN; WAVE VELOCITY;

EID: 4143070172     PISSN: 03097846     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. Capell, W.J. 1999. Determination of Sound Velocity Profile Errors Using Multibeam Data. Proceedings of Oceans 1999, 1144-1148.
2. de Moustier, C. 2000. Sound Refraction in the Water Column. Paper - University of New Brunswick.
3. de Moustier, C. 2000. Fundamentals of Echo-Sounding. Paper - University of New Brunswick.
4. Dinn, D.F., Costello, G., Loncarevic, B.D. 1995. The Effect of Sound Velocity Errors on Multi-Beam Sonar Depth Accuracy. Proceedings of Oceans 1995 Challenges of Our Changing Environment, San Diego, 1001-1010.
5. Dinn, D.F., Loncarevic, B,D., Furlong, A., Penny, M., Dakin, D.T. 1997. Controlling Multibeam Sonar Errors. Sea Technology, 308 (No.8), 75-80.
6. Fry, E.S., Katz, J,, Nicolaescu, R., Walther, T. Remote Sensing in the Ocean: Measurement of Sound Speed and Temperature (online). USA: Texas A and M University. Available from: http://www.physik.tu-darmstadt.de/ lqo/publications/proceeding/pdfdownloads /brillscatt.pdf [accessed 10 September 2003].
7. International Hydrographic Organisation. 1998. IHO Standards for Hydrographic Surveys, Special Publication No. 44. International Hydrographic Bureau, Monaco.
8. Kammerer, E., Hughes Clarke, J.E., Locat, J., Doucet, N., Goding, A. 2003. Monitoring Temporal Changes in Seabed Morphology and Compostion Using Multibeam Sonars: A Case Study of the 1996 Saguenay River Floods (online). Canada: University of New Brunswick, Universite Laval, and Canadian Hydrographic Service. Available from: http://www.omg. unb.ca/omg/papers/EKammerer.pdf [accessed 10 September 2003].
9. Kammerer, E. New Method for the Removal of Refraction Artifacts in Multibeam Echosounder Systems (online). Canada: University of New Brunswick. Available from: http:// www.omg.unb.ca/omg/papers/kammerer.pdf [accessed 10 September 2003].
10. Medwin, H. and Clay, C. 1998. Fundamentals of Acoustical Oceanography. Academic Press, London.
11. National Physical Laboratory. Technical Guides-Speed of Sound in Sea-Water (online). UK: Middlesex. Available from: http://www.npl.co.uk/ acoustics/techguides/soundseawater/content.html [accessed 10 September 2003].
12. Pike, J.M. and Beiboer, F.L. 1993. A Comparison between Algorithms for the Speed of Sound in Seawater, Special Publication No. 34. The Hydrographic Society, UK.
13. Schmidt, V., Chayes, D., Caress, D. The MB-System Cookbook (online). USA: Columbia University. Available from: http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ ~vschmidt/mbcookbook/book1.htm [accessed 10 September 2003].
14. Tucker, D.G. and Gazey, B.K. 1966. Applied Underwater Acoustics, Pergamon Press Ltd, London.
15. Urick, R.J. (3rd ed.) 1983. Principles of Underwater Sound. McGraw-Hill, USA.
16. Valeport. Oceanographic Current Meters (online). UK: Devon. Available from: http://www.valeport. co.uk/pdf/108and308.pdf [accessed 10 September 2003].
17. Waite, A.D. (2nd ed.) 1998. Sonar for Practicing Engineers. Epic Printing, Great Britain.