Spatial patterns in cushion-dominated plant communities of the high Andes of central Chile: How frequent are positive associations?

Journal of Vegetation Science

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 87-96

  Fajardo, Alex ^a,b   Quiroz, Constanza L ^c,d   Cavieres, Lohengrin A ^c,d  

^a CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN ECOSISTEMAS DE LA PATAGONIA CIEP   (Chile)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CONCEPCIÓN   (Chile)

^d INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y BIODIVERSIDAD IEB   (Chile)

Author keywords

Adesmia spp.; Alpine demography; Azorella madreporica; Negative association; Plant demography; Positive interaction; Ripley's L function

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DEMOGRAPHY; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; PLANT; PLANT COMMUNITY; SPATIAL VARIATION;

ANDES; CHILE; METROPOLITANA; MOLINA RIVER; SOUTH AMERICA;

ADESMIA; AZORELLA MADREPORICA;

EID: 41349094034     PISSN: 11009233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3170/2007-8-18332     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Arroyo, M.T.K., Cavieres, L. A., Peñaloza, A. & Arroyo-Kalin, M.A. 2003. Positive associations between the cushion plant Azorella monantha (Apiaceae) and alpine plant species in the Chilean Patagonian Andes. Plant Ecology 169: 121-129.
2. Badano, E.I. & Cavieres, L.A. 2006. Ecosystem engineering across ecosystems: do engineer species sharing common features have generalized or idiosyncratic effects on species diversity? Journal of Biogeography 33: 304-313.
3. Bertness, M.D. & Callaway, R.M. 1994. Positive interactions in communities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9: 187-191.
4. Besag, J. 1977. Contribution to the discussion of Dr. Ripley's paper. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B 39: 193-195.
5. Bowman, W.D., Theodose, T.A., Schardt, J.C. & Conant, R.T. 1993. Constraints of nutrient availability on primary production in two alpine tundra communities. Ecology 74: 2084-2097.
6. Brooker, R.W. & Callaghan, T.V. 1998. The balance between positive and negative plant interactions and its relationship to environmental gradients: a model. Oikos 81: 196-207.
7. Bruno, J.F., Stachowicz, J.J. & Bertness, M.D. 2003. Inclusion of facilitation into ecological theory. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18: 119-125.
8. Callaway, R.M. 1995. Positive interactions among plants. The Botanical Review 61: 306-349.
9. Callaway, R.M. & Pugnaire, F.I. 1999. Pacilitation in plant communities. In: Pugnaire, F.I. & Valladares, F. (eds.) Handbook of functional plant ecology, pp. 623-648. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, US.
10. Callaway, R.M., DeLucia, E.H., Moore, D., Nowak, R. & Schlesinger, W.H. 1996. Competition and facilitation: contrasting effects of Artemisia tridentata on desert vs. mountain pines. Ecology 77: 2130-2141.
11. Callaway, R.M., Brooker, R.W., Choler, P., Kikvidze, Z., Lortie, C.J., Michalet, R., Paolini, L., Pugnaire, F.I., Newingham, B., Aschehoug, E.T., Armas, C., Kikodze, D. & Cook, B.J. 2002. Positive interactions among alpine plants increase with stress. Nature 417: 844-848.
12. Cavieres, L.A. & Arroyo, M.T.K. 1999. Tasa de enfriamiento adabiático del aire en el Valle del Río Molina, Provincia de Santiago, Chile central (33°S). Revista Geográfica de Chile Terra Australis 44: 79-86.
13. Cavieres, L.A. & Arroyo, M.T.K. 2001. Persistent soil seed banks in Phacelia secunda (Hydrophyllaceae): experimental detection of variation along an altitudinal gradient in the Andes of central Chile (33° S). Journal of Ecology 89:31-39.
14. Cavieres, L.A., Penaloza, A. & Arroyo, M.T.K. 2000. Altitudinal vegetation belts in the high-Andes of central Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 73: 331-344.
15. Cavieres, L.A., Arroyo, M.T.K., Peñaloza, A. & Molina-Montenegro, M.A. 2002. Nurse effect of Bolax gummifera (Apiaceae) cushion plants in the alpine vegetation of the Chilean Patagonian Andes. Journal of Vegetation Science 13: 547-554.
16. Cavieres, L.A., Quiroz, C.L., Molina-Montenegro, M.A., Muñoz, A. & Pauchard, A. 2005. Nurse effect of the native cushion plant Azorella monantha on the invasive non-native Taraxacum officinale in the high-Andes of central Chile. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 7: 217-226.
17. Cavieres, L.A., Badano, E.I., Sierra-Almeida, A. & Molina-Montenegro, M.A. 2006. Positive interactions between alpine plant species and the nurse cushion plant Laretia acaulis do not increase with elevation in the Andes of central Chile. New Phytologist 169: 59-70.
18. Cavieres, L.A., Badano, E.I., Sierra-Almeida, A. & Molina-Montenegro, M.A. 2007. Microclimatic modifications of cushion plants and their consequences for seedling survival of native and non-native herbaceous species in the high Andes of central Chile. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 39: 229-236.
19. Chambers, J.C., MacMahon, J.A. & Brown, R.W. 1990. Alpine seedling establishment: the influence of disturbance type. Ecology 71: 1323-1341.
20. Cressie, N.A.C. 1993. Statistics for spatial data. Wiley, New York, NY, US.
21. Dale, M.R.T. 1999. Spatial pattern analysis in plant ecology. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, US.
22. di Castri, F., & E. Hajek. 1976. Bioclimatología de Chile. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, CL.
23. Dixon, P. 2002. Ripley's K-function. In: El-Shaarawi, A.H. & Piergorsch, W.W. (eds.) The encyclopedia of environments, pp. 1796-1803. Wiley, New York, NY, US.
24. Eccles, N.S., Esler, K.J. & Cowling, R.M. 1999. Spatial pattern analysis in Namaqualand desert plant communities: evidence for general positive interactions. Plant Ecology 142: 71-85.
25. Escudero, A., Jiménez-Benavides, L., Iriondo, L. & Rubio, A. 2004. Patch dynamics and islands of fertility in a high mountain Mediterranean community. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 36: 518-527.
26. Fajardo, A., Quiroz, C.L. & Cavieres, L.A. In press. Distinguishing colonisation modes from spatial structures in populations of the cushion plant Azorella madreporica in the high Andes of central Chile. Austral Ecology 33.
27. Forbis, T.A. 2003. Seedling demography in an alpine ecosystem. American Journal of Botany 90: 1197-1206.
28. Gavilán, R.G., Sánchez-Mata, D., Escudero, A. & Rubio, A. 2002. Spatial structure and interactions in Mediterranean high mountain vegetation (Sistema Central, Spain). Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 50: 217-228.
29. Goreaud, F. & Pélissier, R. 2003. Avoiding misinterpretation of biotic interactions with the intertype K12-function: population independence vs. random labeling hypotheses. Journal of Vegetation Science 14: 681-692.
30. Haase, P. 1995. Spatial pattern analysis in ecology based on Ripley's K-function: Introduction and methods of edge correction. Journal of Vegetation Science 6: 575-582.
31. Haase, P. 2002. SPPA EXE Statistical Program. In: http://haasep.homepage.t-online.de/.
32. Jackson, R.B. & Caldwell, M.M. 1993. Geostatistical patterns of soil heterogeneity around individual perennial plants. Journal of Ecology 81: 683-692.
33. Jeltsch, F., Moloney, K.A. & Milton, S.. 1999. Detecting process from snap-shot pattern: lessons from tree spacing in the southern Kalahari. Oikos 85: 451-467.
34. Jones, C.G., Lawton, J.H. & Shachak, M. 1997. Positive and negative effects of organisms as physical ecosystem engineers. Ecology 78: 1946-1957.
35. Kikvidze, Z. 1993. Plant species associations in alpine-subnival vegetation patches in the central Caucasus. Journal of Vegetation Science 4: 297-302.
36. Kikvidze, Z., Pugnaire, F.I., Brooker, R.W., Choler, P., Lortie, C.J., Michalet, R. & Callaway, R.M. 2005. Linking patterns and processes in alpine plant communities: a global study. Ecology 86: 1395-1400.
37. Körner, C. 2003. Alpine plant life. 2nd. ed. Springer, Berlin, DE.
38. Law, R. & Dieckmann, U. 2000. A dynamical system for neighborhoods in plant communities. Ecology 81: 2137-2148.
39. Llambí, L.D., Law, R. & Hodge, A. 2004. Temporal changes in local spatial structure of late-successional species: establishment of an Andean caulescent rosette plant. Journal of Ecology 92: 122-131.
40. Lotwick, C.G. & Silverman, B.W. 1982. Methods for analyzing spatial processes of several types of points. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, series B, Methodological 44: 406-413.
41. Michalet, R., Brooker, R.W., Cavieres, L.A., Kikvidze, Z., Lortie, C.I., Pugnaire, F.I., Valiente-Banuet, A. & Callaway, R.M. 2006. Do biotic interactions shape both sides of the humped-back model of species richness in plant communities? Ecology Letters 9: 767-773.
42. Muller, C.H. 1953. The association of desert annuals with shrubs. American Journal of Botany 40: 53-60.
43. Nilsson, M.C., Wardle, D.A., Zackrisson, O. & Jäderlund, A. 2002. Effects of alleviation of ecological stresses on an alpine tundra community over an eight-year period. Oikos 97: 3-17.
44. Núñez, C., Aizen, M. & Ezcurra, C. 1999. Species associations and nurse plant effects in patches of high-Andean vegetation. Journal of Vegetation Science 10: 357-364.
45. Pugnaire, F.I., Haase, P., Puigdefábregas, J., Cueto, M., Clark, S.C. & Incoll, L.D. 1996. Facilitation and succession under the canopy of a leguminous shrub, Retama sphaerocarpa, in a semi-arid environment in south-east Spain. Oikos 76: 455-464.
46. Ripley, B.D. 1977. Modeling spatial patterns. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B 39: 172-212.
47. Schlesinger, W.H., Raikes, J.A., Hartley, A.E. & Cross, A.F. 1996. On the spatial pattern of soil nutrients in desert ecosystems. Ecology 77: 364-374.
48. Tewksbury, J.J. & Lloyd, J.D. 2001. Positive interactions under nurse-plants: spatial scale, stress gradient and benefactor size. Oecologia 127: 425-434.
49. Tirado, R. & Pugnaire, F.I. 2005. Community structure and positive interactions in constraining environments. Oikos 111: 437-444.
50. Veblen, T.T. 1992. Regeneration dynamics. In: Glenn-Lewin, D.C., Peet, R.K. & Veblen, T.T. (eds.) Plant succession: Theory and prediction, pp. 152-187. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.