Temporal variations in crustal assimilation of magma suites in the East Greenland flood basalt province: Tracking the evolution of magmatic plumbing systems

Lithos

Volumn 102, Issue 1-2, 2008, Pages 179-197

  Peate, David W ^a   Barker, Abigail K ^b   Riishuus, Morten S ^c   Andreasen, Rasmus ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Dartmouth College   (United States)

Author keywords

Crustal assimilation; East Greenland; Flood basalts; Magma plumbing systems

Indexed keywords

CRUSTAL CONTAMINATION; FLOOD BASALT; MAGMA ASSIMILATION; MAGMATISM; PALEOGENE; TEMPORAL VARIATION;

ARCTIC; EAST GREENLAND; GREENLAND;

EID: 41349088621     PISSN: 00244937     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.lithos.2007.08.009     Document Type: Article

References (115)

1. Aitcheson S.J., and Forrest A.H. Quantification of crustal contamination in open magmatic systems. Journal of Petrology 35 (1994) 461-488
2. Andreasen R., Peate D.W., and Brooks C.K. Magma plumbing systems in large igneous provinces: inferences from cyclical variations in Palaeogene East Greenland basalts. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 147 (2004) 438-452
3. Antonini P., Piccirillo E.M., Petrini R., Civetta L., D'Antonio M., and Orsi G. Enriched mantle - dupal signature in the genesis of the Jurassic Ferrar tholeiites from Prince Albert Mountains (Victoria Land, Antarctica). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 136 (1999) 1-9
4. Arndt N.T., and Christensen U. The role of lithospheric mantle in continental flood volcanism: thermal and geochemical constraints. Journal of Geophysical Research 97 (1992) 10967-10981
5. Barker, A.K., 2006. Trace element and isotope constraints on mantle sources and processes in the North Atlantic and Cape Verde magmatism. Ph.D. thesis, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 263.
6. Baker J.A., Thirlwall M.F., and Menzies M.A. Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic and trace element evidence for crustal contamination of plume-derived flood basalts: oligocene flood volcanism in western Yemen. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60 (1996) 2559-2581
7. 204Pb spike and thallium to correct for mass bias with a double-focusing MC-ICP-MS. Chemical Geology 211 (2004) 275-303
8. Barker A.K., Baker J.A., and Peate D.W. Interaction of the rifting East Greenland margin with a zoned ancestral Iceland plume. Geology 34 (2006) 481-484
9. Bamford D., Nunn K., Prodehl C., and Jacob B. LISPB III. Upper crustal structure of Northern Britain. Journal of the Geological Society 133 (1977) 481-484
10. Bernstein S., Kelemen P.B., Tegner C., Kurz M.D., Blusztajn J., and Brooks C.K. Post-breakup basaltic magmatism along the East Greenland Tertiary rifted margin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 160 (1998) 845-862
11. Bernstein S., Brooks C.K., and Stecher O. Enriched component of the proto-Icelandic mantle plume revealed in alkaline Tertiary lavas from East Greenland. Geology 29 (2001) 859-862
12. Blichert-Toft J., Lesher C.E., and Rosing M.T. Selectively contaminated magmas of the Tertiary East Greenland macrodike complex. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 110 (1992) 154-172
13. Bohrson W.A., and Spera F.J. Energy-constrained open-system magmatic processes II: application of energy-constrained assimilation and fractional crystallization (EC-AFC) model to magmatic systems. Journal of Petrology 42 (2001) 1019-1041
14. Bott M.H.P., Sunderland J., and Smith P.J. Evidence for continental crust beneath the Faeroe Islands. Nature 248 (1974) 202-204
15. Bowen N.L. The evolution of the igneous rocks (1928), Princeton University Press 334 pp.
16. Brandon A.D., Hooper P.R., Goles G.G., and Lambert R.S.J. Evaluating crustal contamination in continental basalts: the isotopic composition of the Picture Gorge basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 114 (1993) 452-464
17. Brown P.E., Evans I.B., and Becker S.M. The Prince of Wales Formation-post-flood basalt alkali volcanism in the Tertiary of East Greenland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 123 (1996) 424-434
18. Brown P.E., Evans I.B., and Becker S.M. Alkaline basaltic volcanism in the Tertiary of East Greenland - the Trekantnunatakker. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Earth Sciences 90 (2000) 165-172
19. Carter S.R., Evensen N.M., Hamilton P.J., and O'Nions R.K. Neodymium and strontium isotopic evidence for crustal contamination of continental volcanics. Science 202 (1978) 743-747
20. Carlson R.W., Lugmair G., and Macdougall J.D. Columbia River volcanism: the question of mantle heterogeneity or crustal contamination. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 45 (1981) 2483-2499
21. Chauvel C., and Hémond C. Melting of a complete section of recycled oceanic crust: trace element and Pb isotopic evidence from Iceland. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 1 (2000) paper number 1999GC000002
22. Cohen A.S., O'Nions R.K., and O'Hara M.J. Chronology and mechanisms of depletion in Lewisian granulites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 106 (1991) 142-153
23. Condomines M., Grönvold K., Hooker P.J., Muehlenbachs K., O'Nions R.K., Oskarsson N., and Oxburgh E.R. Helium, oxygen, strontium and neodymium isotopic relationships in Icelandic volcanics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 66 (1983) 25-136
24. Cox K.G. A model for flood basalt volcanism. Journal of Petrology 21 (1980) 629-650
25. DePaolo D.J. Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional crystallisation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 53 (1981) 189-202
26. Dickin A.P. Isotope geochemistry of Tertiary igneous rocks from the Isle of Skye, N.W. Scotland. Journal of Petrology 22 (1981) 155-189
27. Dickin A.P., and Durant G.P. The Blackstones Bank igneous complex: geochemistry and crustal context of a submerged Tertiary igneous centre in the Scottish Hebrides. Geological Magazine 139 (2002) 199-207
28. Ellam R.M., and Stuart F.M. The sub-lithospheric source of North Atlantic basalts: evidence for, and significance of, a common end-member. Journal of Petrology 41 (2000) 919-932
29. Ellam R.M., Carlson R.W., and Shirey S.B. Evidence from Re-Os isotopes for plume-lithosphere mixing in Karoo flood basalt genesis. Nature 359 (1992) 718-721
30. Ellam R.M., Upton B.G.J., and Fitton J.G. Petrogenesis of late stage magmatism at Hold with Hope, East Greenland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 133 (1998) 51-59
31. Escher A., and Watt W.S. Summary of the geology of Greenland. In: Escher A., and Watt W.S. (Eds). Geology of Greenland (1976), Geological Survey of Greenland, Copenhagen 12-15
32. Fitton J.G., Hardarson B.S., Ellam R.M., and Rogers G. Sr-, Nd-, and Pb-isotopic composition of volcanic rocks from the Southeast Greenland margin at 63°N: temporal variation in crustal contamination during continental break-up. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Project. Scientific Results 152 (1998) 351-358
33. Fitton J.G., Larsen L.M., Saunders A.D., Hardarson B.S., and Kempton P.D. Palaeogene continental to oceanic magmatism on the SE Greenland continental margin at 63°N: a review of the results of Ocean Drilling Program Legs 152 and 163. Journal of Petrology 41 (2000) 951-966
34. Fowler S., Bohrson W.A., and Spera F.J. Magmatic evolution of the Skye Igneous Centre, Western Scotland: modelling of assimilation, recharge and fractional crystallisation. Journal of Petrology 45 (2004) 2481-2505
35. Fram M., and Lesher C. Generation and polybaric differentiation of East Greenland Tertiary flood basalts. Journal of Petrology 38 (1997) 231-275
36. Furman T., Frey F.A., and Park K.-H. Chemical constraints on the petrogenesis of mildly alkaline lavas from Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland: the Eldfell (1973) and Surtsey (1963-1967) eruptions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 109 (1991) 19-37
37. Gariépy C., Ludden J., and Brooks C. Isotopic and trace element constraints on the genesis of the Faeroe lava pile. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 63 (1983) 257-272
38. Gee M.A.M., Thirlwall M.F., Taylor R.N., Lowry D., and Murton B.J. Crustal processes: major controls on Reykjanes Peninsula lava chemistry, SW Iceland. Journal of Petrology 39 (1998) 819-839
39. Geist D., and White C. Assimilation and fractionation in adjacent parts of the same magma chamber: Vandfaldsdalen macrodike, East Greenland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 116 (1994) 93-107
40. Geldmacher J., Troll V.R., Emeleus C.H., and Donaldson C.H. Pb-isotope evidence for contrasting crustal contamination of primitive to evolved magmas from Ardnamurchan and Rum: implications for the structure of the underlying crust. Scottish Journal of Geology 38 (2002) 55-61
41. Gibson S.A., Thompson R.N., Dickin A.P., and Leonardos O.H. Mafic potassic magmatic key to plume-lithosphere interactions and continental flood-basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 141 (1995) 325-341
42. Hanan B.B., and Schilling J.-G. The dynamic evolution of the Iceland mantle plume: the lead isotope perspective. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 151 (1997) 43-60
43. Hanghøj K., Keleman P., and Bernstein S. Osmium isotopes in the Wiedemann Fjord mantle xenoliths: a unique record of cratonic mantle formation by melt depletion in the Archaean. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 2 (2001) paper# 2000GC000085
44. Hanghøj K., Storey M., and Stecher O. An isotope and trace element study of the East Greenland Tertiary dyke swarm: constraints on temporal and spatial evolution during rifting. Journal of Petrology 44 (2003) 2081-2112
45. Hansen H., and Nielsen T.F.D. Crustal contamination in Palaeogene East Greenland flood basalts: plumbing system evolution during continental rifting. Chemical Geology 157 (1999) 89-118
46. Hansen H., Pedersen A.K., Duncan R.A., Bird D.K., Brooks C.K., Fawcett J.J., Gittins J., Gorton M.P., and O'Day P.A. Volcanic stratigraphy of the southern Prinsen af Wales Bjerge region, East Greenland. In: Jolley D.W., and Bell B.R. (Eds). The North Atlantic Igneous Province. Stratigraphy, Tectonic, Volcanic and Magmatic Processes. Geological Society Special Publication vol. 197 (2002) 183-218
47. Hardarson B.S., Fitton J.G., Ellam R.M., and Pringle M.S. Rift relocation: a geochemical and geochronological investigation of a palaeo-rift in northwest Iceland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 153 (1997) 181-196
48. Hards V.L., Kempton P.D., and Thompson R.N. The heterogeneous Iceland plume: new insights from the alkaline basalts of the Snaefell volcanic centre. Journal of the Geological Society 152 (1995) 1003-1009
49. Hawkesworth C.J., Mantovani M.S.M., and Peate D.W. Lithosphere remobilisation during Paraná CFB magmatism. Journal of Petrology (1988) 205-223 Special Lithosphere issue
50. Heister L., O'Day P.A., Brooks C.K., Neuhoff P.S., and Bird D.K. Pyroclastic deposits within the East Greenland Tertiary flood basalts. Journal of the Geological Society 158 (2001) 269-284
51. Hémond C., Arndt N.T., Lichtenstein U., and Hofmann A.W. The heterogeneous Iceland mantle plume: Nd-Sr-O isotopes and trace element constraints. Journal of Geophysical Research 98 (1993) 15833-15850
52. Henriksen N., and Higgins A.K. East Greenland Caledonian fold belt. In: Escher A., and Watt W.S. (Eds). Geology of Greenland (1976), Geological Survey of Greenland, Copenhagen 182-246
53. Hergt J.M., Peate D.W., and Hawkesworth C.J. The petrogenesis of Mesozoic Gondwana low-Ti flood basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 105 (1991) 134-148
54. Hofmann A.W. Mantle geochemistry: the message from oceanic volcanism. Nature 385 (1997) 219-229
55. Holm P.M. Nd, Sr and Pb isotope geochemistry of the Lower Lavas, E. Greenland Tertiary igneous province. In: Morton A.C., and Parson L.M. (Eds). Early Tertiary volcanism and the opening of the North Atlantic. Geological Society of London Special Publication vol. 39 (1988) 181-195
56. Holm P.M., and Prægel N.-O. Cumulates from primitive rift-related East Greenland Paleogene magmas: petrological and isotopic evidence from the ultramafic complexes at Kælvegletscher and near Kærven. Lithos 92 (2006) 251-275
57. Holm P.M., Hald N., and Waagstein R. Geochemical and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic evidence for separate hot depleted and Iceland plume mantle sources for the Paleogene basalts of the Faroe Islands. Chemical Geology 178 (2001) 95-125
58. Holm P.M., Heaman L.M., and Pedersen L.E. Baddeleyite and zircon U-Pb ages from the Kærven area, Kangerlussuaq: implications for the timing of Paleogene continental breakup in the North Atlantic. Lithos 92 (2006) 238-250
59. Huppert H.E., and Sparks R.S.J. Cooling and contamination of mafic and ultramafic magmas during ascent through continental crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 74 (1985) 371-386
60. Jensen S.M. Tertiary mineralization and magmatism, East Greenland: lead isotope evidence for remobilization of continental crust. Chemical Geology 150 (1998) 119-144
61. Kalsbeek F., Austrheim H., Bridgwater D., Hansen B.T., Pedersen S., and Taylor P.N. Geochronology of Archaean and Proterozoic events in the Ammassalik area, South-East Greenland, and comparisons with the Lewisian of Scotland and the Nagssugtoqidian of West Greenland. Precambrian Research 62 (1993) 239-270
62. Kempton P.D., Fitton J.G., Saunders A.D., Nowell G.M., Taylor R.N., Hardarson B.S., and Pearson G. The Iceland plume in space and time: a Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf study of the North Atlantic rifted margin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 177 (2000) 255-271
63. Kerr A.C., Kempton P.D., and Thompson R.N. Crustal assimilation during turbulent magma ascent (ATA): new isotopic evidence from the Mull Tertiary lava succession, N.W. Scotland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 119 (1995) 142-154
64. Klausen M.B., and Larsen H.C. East Greenland coast-parallel dike swarm and its role in continental breakup. In: Menzies M.A., Klemperer S.L., Ebinger C.J., and Baker J.A. (Eds). Volcanic rifted margins. Geological Society of America Special Paper vol. 62 (2002) 133-158
65. Kokfelt T.F., Hoernle K., Hauff F., Fiebig J., Werner R., and Garbe-Schönberg. Combined trace element and Pb-Nd-Sr-O isotope evidence for recycled oceanic crust (upper and lower) in the Iceland mantle plume. Journal of Petrology 47 (2006) 1705-1749
66. Langmuir C.H., Vocke R.D., Hanson G.N., and Hart S.R. A general mixing equation with applications to Icelandic basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 37 (1978) 380-392
67. Larsen R.B., and Tegner C. Pressure conditions for the solidification of the Skaergaard intrusion: eruption of East Greenland flood basalts in less than 300,000 years. Lithos 92 (2006) 181-197
68. Larsen L.M., Watt W.S., and Watt M. Geology and petrology of the Lower Tertiary plateau basalts of the Scoresby Sund region, East Greenland. Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 157 (1989) 1-164
69. Larsen L.M., Waagstein R., Pedersen A.K., and Storey M. Trans-Atlantic correlation of the Palaeogene volcanic successions in the Faeroe Islands and East Greenland. Journal of the Geological Society 156 (1999) 1081-1095
70. Leeman W.P., and Dasch E.J. Strontium, lead and oxygen isotope investigation of the Skaergaard intrusion, East Greenland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 41 (1978) 47-59
71. 206Pb whole-rock ages of gneisses from the Kangerdlugssuaq area, eastern Greenland. Nature 263 (1976) 469-471
72. 39Ar dating of basaltic dykes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 214 (2003) 515-528
73. Momme P., Tegner C., Brooks C.K., and Keays R.R. Two melting regimes during Paleogene flood basalt generation in East Greenland: combined REE and PGE modelling. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 151 (2006) 88-100
74. Morrison M.A., Thompson R.N., and Dickin A.P. Geochemical evidence for complex magmatic plumbing during development of a continental volcanic centre. Geology 13 (1985) 581-584
75. Nielsen T.F.D. The Tertiary dyke swarm of the Kangerdlugssuaq area, East Greenland; an example of magmatic development during continental breakup. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 67 (1978) 63-78
76. Nielsen T.F.D. Tertiary alkaline rocks in East Greenland: a review. In: Fitton J.G., and Upton B.G.J. (Eds). Alkaline igneous rocks. Geological Society Special Publication vol. 30 (1987) 489-515
77. Nielsen T.F.D. The shape and volume of the Skaergaard intrusion, Greenland: implications for mass balance and bulk composition. Journal of Petrology 45 (2004) 507-530
78. Nielsen T.F.D., Soper N.J., Brooks C.K., Faller A.M., Higgins A.C., and Matthews D.W. The pre-basaltic sediments and the lower basalts at Kangerdlugssuaq, East Greenland, their stratigraphy, lithology, palaeomagnetism and petrology. Meddelelser om Grønland. Geoscience 6 (1981) 1-25
79. Park, K.-H., 1990. Sr, Nd and Pb isotope studies of ocean island basalts: constraints on their origin and evolution. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 252 pp.
80. Peate D.W., and Hawkesworth C.J. Lithospheric to asthenospheric transition in Low-Ti flood basalts from the southern Paraná, Brazil. Chemical Geology 127 (1996) 1-24
81. Peate D.W., and Stecher O. Pb isotope evidence for contributions from different Iceland mantle components to Palaeogene East Greenland flood basalts. Lithos 67 (2003) 39-52
82. Peate D.W., Hawkesworth C.J., Mantovani M.S.M., Rogers N.W., and Turner S.P. Petrogenesis and stratigraphy of the high-Ti/Y Urubici magma type in the Paraná flood basalt province and implications for the nature of Dupal-type mantle in the South Atlantic region. Journal of Petrology 40 (1999) 451-473
83. Peate D.W., Baker J.A., Blichert-Toft J., Hilton D., Storey M., Kent A.J.R., Brooks C.K., Hansen H., Pedersen A.K., and Duncan R.A. The Prinsen af Wales Bjerge Formation lavas, East Greenland: the transition from tholeiitic to alkalic magmatism during Palaeogene continental break-up. Journal of Petrology 44 (2003) 279-304
84. Pedersen A.K., Watt M., Watt W.S., and Larsen L.M. Structure and stratigraphy of the Early Tertiary basalts of the Blosseville Kyst, East Greenland. Journal of the Geological Society 154 (1997) 565-570
85. Peng Z.X., Mahoney J.J., Hooper P.R., Harris C., and Beane J.E. A role for lower continental crust in flood basalt genesis? Isotopic and incompatible element study of the lower six formations of the Western Deccan Traps. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 58 (1994) 267-288
86. Prestvik T., Goldberg S., Karlsson H., and Grönvold K. Anomalous strontium and lead isotope signatures in the off-rift Öræfajökull central volcano in south-east Iceland: evidence for enriched endmember(s) of the Iceland mantle plume?. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 190 (2001) 211-220
87. Putirka K., Johnson M., Kinzler R., Longhi J., and Walker D. Thermobarometry of mafic igneous rocks based on clinopyroxene-liquid equilibria, 0-30 kbar. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 123 (1996) 92-108
88. Reiners P.W., Nelson B.K., and Ghiorso M.S. Assimilation of felsic crust by basaltic magma: thermal limits and extents of crustal contamination of mantle-derived magmas. Geology 23 (1995) 563-566
89. Riishuus M.S., Peate D.W., Tegner C., Wilson J.R., and Brooks C.K. On the petrogenesis of syenites at a rifted continental margin: origin, contamination, and interaction of alkaline mafic and felsic magmas in the Astrophyllite Bay Complex, East Greenland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 149 (2005) 350-371
90. Riishuus M.S., Peate D.W., Tegner C., Wilson J.R., Brooks C.K., and Harris C. Temporal evolution of a long-lived syenitic centre: the Kangerlussuaq Alkaline Complex, East Greenland. Lithos 92 (2006) 276-299
91. Riishuus, M.S., Peate, D.W., Tegner, C., Wilson, J.R., Brooks, C.K., in press. Petrogenesis of cogenetic silica over-and under-saturated syenites by periodic recharge in a crustally contaminated magma chamber: The Kangerlussuaq Intrusion, East Greenland. Journal of Petrology.
92. Saunders A.D., Fitton J.G., Kerr A.C., Norry M.J., and Kent R.W. The North Atlantic igneous province. In: Mahoney J.J., and Coffin M.F. (Eds). Large Igneous Provinces: Continental, Oceanic, and Planetary Flood Volcanism. AGU Geophysical Monograph vol. 100 (1997) 45-93
93. Saunders A.D., Kempton P.D., Fitton J.G., and Larsen L.M. Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes and trace element geochemistry of basalts from the Southeast Greenland margin. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Project, Scientific Results 163 (1999) 77-93
94. Sharma M., Basu A.R., and Nesterenko G.V. Temporal Sr-, Nd-and Pb-isotopic variations in the Siberian flood basalts: implications for the plume source characteristics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 113 (1992) 365-381
95. Skovgaard A.C., Storey M., Baker J.A., Blusztajn J., and Hart S.R. Osmium-oxygen isotopic evidence for a recycled and strongly depleted component in the Iceland mantle plume. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 194 (2001) 259-275
96. Spera F.J., and Bohrson W.A. Energy-constrained open-system magmatic processes I: general model and energy-constrained assimilation and fractional crystallization (EC-AFC) formulation. Journal of Petrology 42 (2001) 999-1018
97. Stecher O., Carlson R.W., and Gunnarsson B. Torfajökull: a radiogenic end-member of the Iceland Pb-isotopic array. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 165 (1999) 117-127
98. Stewart B.J., and DePaolo D.J. Isotopic studies of processes in mafic magma chambers: II. The Skaergaard intrusion, East Greenland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 104 (1990) 125-141
99. Storey M., Pedersen A.K., Stecher O., Bernstein S., Larsen H.C., Larsen L.M., Baker J.A., and Duncan R.A. Long-lived postbreakup magmatism along the East Greenland margin: evidence for shallow-mantle metasomatism by the Iceland plume. Geology 32 (2004) 173-176
100. Storey M., Duncan R.A., and Tegner C. Timing and duration of volcanism in the North Atlantic Igneous Province: implications for geodynamics and links to the Iceland hotspot. Chemical Geology 241 (2007) 264-281
101. Stracke A., Zindler A., Salters V.J.M., McKenzie D., Blichert-Toft J., Albarède F., and Grönvold K. Theistareykir revisited. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 4-2 (2003) paper number 2001GC000201
102. Sun S.-S., and Jahn B. Lead and strontium isotopes in post-glacial basalts from Iceland. Nature 255 (1975) 527-530
103. 86Sr systematics in igneous rocks. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 47 (1980) 243-254
104. Taylor S.R., and Maclennan S.M. The geochemical evolution of the continental crust. Reviews of Geophysics 33 (1995) 241-265
105. Taylor P.N., Kalsbeek F., and Bridgwater D. Discrepancies between neodymium, lead and strontium model ages from the Precambrian of southern East Greenland: evidence for a Proterozoic granulite-facies event affecting Archaean gneisses. Chemical Geology. Isotope Geoscience Section 94 (1992) 281-291
106. 39Ar geochronology of Tertiary mafic intrusions along the East Greenland rifted margin: relation to flood basalts and the Iceland hotspot track. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 156 (1998) 75-88
107. Tegner C., Lesher C.E., Larsen L.M., and Watts W.S. Evidence from the rare-earth-element record of mantle melting for cooling of the Tertiary Iceland plume. Nature 395 (1998) 591-594
108. Thirlwall M.F., Upton B.G.J., and Jenkins C. Interaction between continental lithosphere and the Iceland plume: Sr-Nd-Pb isotope geochemistry of Tertiary basalts, NE Greenland. Journal of Petrology 35 (1994) 839-879
109. Thirlwall M.F., Gee M.A.M., Taylor R.N., and Murton B.J. Mantle components in Iceland and adjacent ridges investigated using double-spike Pb isotope ratios. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 68 (2004) 361-386
110. 18O in the Icelandic mantle and its origins: evidence from Reykjanes Ridge and Icelandic lavas. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70 (2006) 993-1019
111. Tucker R.D., Dallmeyer R.D., and Strachan R.A. Age and tectonothermal record of Laurentian basement, Caledonides of NE Greenland. Journal of the Geological Society 150 (1993) 371-379
112. Ukstins Peate I., Larsen M., and Lesher C.E. The transition from sedimentation to flood volcanism in the Kangerlussuaq Basin, East Greenland: basaltic pyroclastic volcanism during initial Palaeogene continental break-up. Journal of the Geological Society 160 (2003) 759-772
113. 40Ar whole-rock dating of zeolite facies metamorphosed flood basalts: the upper Paleocene basalts of the Faroe Islands, NE Atlantic. In: Jolley D.W., and Bell B.R. (Eds). The North Atlantic Igneous Province: stratigraphy, tectonic, volcanic and magmatic processes. Geological Society Special Publication vol. 197 (2002) 219-252
114. Weaver B.L., and Tarney J. Lewisian gneiss geochemistry and Archaean crustal development models. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 55 (1981) 171-180
115. Zindler A., Hart S.R., Frey F.A., and Jakobsson S.P. Nd and Sr isotope ratios and rare earth element abundances in Reykjanes Peninsula basalts: evidence for mantle heterogeneity beneath Iceland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 45 (1979) 249-262