Appraisal of emotions in media use: Toward a process model of meta-emotion and emotion regulation

Media Psychology

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 7-27

  Bartsch, Anne ^a   Vorderer, Peter ^b   Mangold, Roland ^c   Viehoff, Reinhold ^a  

^a MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE WITTENBERG   (Germany)

^b VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^c STUTTGART MEDIA UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 41249085756     PISSN: 15213269     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15213260701813447     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Appel, M. (in press). Manche mögen's heiß. Ergebnisse der deutschsprachigen Version eines Instruments zur Erfassung des Emotionsmotivs. [Some like it hot. Results of the German language version of an instrument aimed at the assessment of the need for affect/need for emotion.] Diagnostica.
2. Bartsch, A. (2007, May). Meta-emotion during film and music-video reception. Developing a state-measure of liking/disliking emotions. Paper presented at the ICA Conference 2007, San Francisco, USA.
3. Bartsch, A., Mangold, R., Viehoff, R., & Vorderer P. (2006). Emotional gratifications during media use: An integrative approach. Communications, 31, 261-218.
4. Bartsch, A., & Viehoff, R. (2003). Meta-emotion: In search of a meta-account for entertainment by negative emotions. Siegener Periodikum zur Internationalen Empirischen Literaturwissenschaft, 22, 309-328.
5. Biswas, R., Riffe, D., & Zillmann, D. (1994). Mood influence on the appeal of bad news. Journalism Quarterly, 71, 689-696.
6. Booth-Butterfield, M., & Booth-Butterfield, S. (1990). Conceptualizing affect as information in communication production. Human Communication Research, 16, 451-476.
7. Byrne, D. (1961). The repression-sensitization scale: Rationale, reliability, and validity. Journal of Personality, 29, 334-349.
8. Catanzaro, S. J., & Mearns, J. (1990). Measuring generalized expectancies for negative mood regulation: Initial scale development and implications. Journal of Personality Assessment, 54, 546-563.
9. Ellis, R. D. (2005). The roles of imagery and meta-emotion in deliberate choice and moral psychology. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 12, 140-157.
10. Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 150-170.
11. Freeland, C. A. (1999). The sublime in cinema. In C. Plantiga & G. Smith (Eds.), Passionate views. Film, cognition, and emotion (pp. 65-83). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
12. Frijda, N. H., & Zeelenberg, M. (2001). Appraisal: What is the dependent? In K. R. Scherer, A. Schorr & T. Johnstone (Eds.), Appraisal processes in emotion (pp. 141-157). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
13. Früh, W., Wünsch, C., & Klopp, P. (2004). TDU-Unterhaltungsindex. Ein Instrument zur empirischen Ermittlung von Unterhaltungserleben [TDU-Entertainment-Index. An instrument for the empirical measurement of entertainment experience], Medien und Kommunikationswissenschaft, 4, 515-544.
14. Goldman, S. L., Kraemer, D. T., & Salovey, P. (1996). Beliefs about mood moderate the relationship of stress to illness and symptom reporting. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 41, 115-128.
15. Gottman, J. M. (1994). What predicts divorce? The relationship between marital process and marital outcomes. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
16. Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1997). Meta-emotion: How families communicate emotionally. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
17. Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26, 41-54.
18. Jäger, C., & Bartsch, A. (2006). Meta-emotions. Grazer Philosophische Studien, 73, 179-204.
19. Jakupcak, M. (2003). Masculine gender role stress and men's fear of emotions as predictors of self-reported aggression and violence. Violence and Victims, 18, 533-541.
20. Knobloch-Westerwick, S., & Alter, S. (2006). Mood adjustment to social situations through mass media use: How men ruminate and women dissipate angry moods. Human Communication Research, 32, 58-73.
21. Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
22. Maio, G. R., & Esses, V. M. (2001). The need for affect: Individual differences in the motivation to approach or avoid emotions. Journal of Personality, 69, 583-615.
23. Mangold, R., Unz, D., & Winterhoff-Spurk, P. (2001). Zur Erklärung emotionaler Medienwirkungen: Leistungsfähigkeit, empirische Überprüfung und Fortentwicklung theoretischer Ansätze [Explaining emotional media effects: Efficiency, empirical testing, and further development of theoretical approaches]. In P. Rössler, U. Hasenbrink, and M. Jäckel (Eds.), Theoretische Perspektiven der Rezeptionsforschung [Theoretical perspectives on media reception research] (pp. 163-180). Munich, Germany: Reinhard Fischer.
24. Mayer, J. D., & Gaschke, Y. N. (1988). The experience and meta-experience of mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 105-111.
25. Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2002). Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) User's Manual. Toronto, Canada: MHS Publishers.
26. Mayer, J. D., & Stevens, A. (1994). An emerging understanding of the reflective (meta-) experience of mood. Journal of Research in Personality, 28, 351-373.
27. Medoff, N. J. (1979). The avoidance of comedy by persons in a negative affective state: A further study in selective exposure. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.
28. Mikos, L. (1996). The experience of suspense: Between fear and pleasure. In P. Vorderer & M. Friedrichsen (Eds.), Suspense: Conceptualizations, theoretical analyses, and empirical explorations. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
29. Oatley, K., & Jenkins, J. M. (1996). Understanding emotions. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
30. Oliver, M. B. (1993). Exploring the paradox of the enjoyment of sad films. Human Communication Research, 19, 315-342.
31. Oliver, M. B., Weaver, J. B., & Sargent, S. L. (2000). An examination of factors related to sex differences in enjoyment of sad film. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 44, 282-300.
32. Prairie, E. M. (2004). Emotional communication in the family of origin of women with borderline personality disorder. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts Amherst.
33. Raman, N. V., Chattopadhyay, P., & Hoyer, W. D. (1995). Do consumers seek emotional situations: The need for emotion scale. Advances in Consumer Research, 22, 537-542.
34. Roemer, L., Salters, K., Raffa, S., & Orsillo, S. M. (2005). Fear and avoidance of internal experiences in GAD: Preliminary tests of a conceptual model. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 71-88.
35. Rosenman, S. (Ed.) (1938). The public papers of Franklin D. Roosevelt, volume two: The year of crisis, 1933. New York: Random House.
36. Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 9, 185-211.
37. Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S., Turvey, C, & Palfai, T. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. W. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (pp. 125-154). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
38. Salovey, P., Stroud, L. R., Woolery, A., & Epel, E. S. (2002). Perceived emotional intelligence, stress reactivity, and symptom reports: Further explorations using the trait meta-mood-scale. Psychology and Health, 17, 661-627.
39. Scherer, K. R. (2001). Appraisal considered as a process of multilevel sequential checking. In K. R. Scherer, A. Schorr & T. Johnstone (Eds.), Appraisal processes in emotion (pp. 92-120). New York: Oxford University Press.
40. Schwartz, N., & Clore, G. L. (1988). How do I feel about it? The informative function of mood. In K. Fiedler & J. Forgas (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and social behavior (pp. 44-62). Toronto, Canada: Hogrefe.
41. Sojka, J. Z., & Giese, J. L. (1997). Thinking and/or feeling: An examination of interaction between processing styles. Advances in Consumer Research, 24, 438-442.
42. Sojka, J. Z., & Giese, J. L. (2001). The influence of personality traits on the processing of visual and verbal information. Marketing Letters, 12, 1.
43. Suckfüll, M. (2004). Rezeptionsmodalitäten. Ein integratives Konstrukt für die Medienwirkungsforschung [Modes of reception. An integrative construct for media effects research]. Munich, Germany: Reinhard Fischer.
44. Taylor, G. J., Ryan, D., & Bagby, R. M. (1985). Toward the development of a new self-report alexithymia scale. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 44, 191-199.
45. Vorderer, P. (1993). Audience involvement and program loyalty. Poetics. Journal of Empirical Research on Literature, Media and the Arts, 22, 89-98.
46. Vorderer, P. (2003). Entertainment theory. In J. Bryant, D. Roskos-Ewoldsen & J. Cantor (Eds.), Communication and emotion: Essays in honor of Dolf Zillmann (pp. 131-153). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
47. Williams, K. E., Chambless, D. L., & Ahrens, A. (1997). Are emotions frightening? An extension of the fear of fear construct. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 239-248.
48. Wirth, W., & Schramm, H. (2007). Emotionen, Metaemotionen und Regulationsstrategien bei der Medienrezeption. Ein integratives Modell. In W. Wirth, H.-J. Stiehler, & C. Wünsch (Eds.), Dynamisch-transaktional denken: Theorie und Empirie in der Kommunikationswissenschaft [Dynamic-transactional reasoning: Theory and empiricism in communication science] (pp. 153-184). Cologne, Germany: Halem.
49. Zaleski, Z. (1984). Sensation seeking and preference for emotional visual stimuli. Personality and Individual Differences, 5, 609-611.
50. Zillmann, D. (1988). Mood management through communication choices. American Behavioral Scientist, 31, 327-340.
51. Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation seeking. New York: Cambridge University Press.