Medical emergency team: A review of the literature

Nursing in Critical Care

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 80-85

  Barbetti, Julie ^a   Lee, Geraldine ^b  

^a ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Cardiac arrest; Critical care outreach; Medical emergency team; Resuscitation

Indexed keywords

EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT CARE; RESUSCITATION; REVIEW;

ADVANCED CARDIAC LIFE SUPPORT; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; HUMANS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PATIENT CARE TEAM;

EID: 41149176506     PISSN: 13621017     EISSN: 14785153     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-5153.2007.00258.x     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Adam S. (2007).Critical Care Outreach – The UK approach. http://www.metconference.com/Pittsburgh2007/downloads/Adam_Outreach.pdf (accessed 3/08/07).
2. Armitage M, Eddleston J, Stokes T. (2007). Recognising and responding to acute illness in adults in hospital: summary of NICE guidelines. British Medical Journal; 335: 258–259.
3. Ball C, Kirkby M, Williams S. (2003). Effect of the critical care outreach team on patient survival to discharge from hospital and readmission to critical care: non-randomised population based study. British Medical Journal; 327: 1014–1016.
4. Bellomo R, Goldsmith D, Uchino S, Buckmaster J, Hart G, Opdam H, Silvester W, Doolan L, Gutteridge G. (2003). A prospective before-and-after trial of a medical emergency team. The Medical Journal of Australia; 179: 283–287.
5. Bellomo R, Goldsmith D, Uchino S, Buckmaster J, Hart G, Opdam H, Silvester W, Doolan L, Gutteridge G. (2004). Prospective controlled trial of effect of medical emergency team on postoperative morbidity and mortality rates. Critical Care Medicine; 32: 916–921.
6. Bristow PA, Hillman KM, Chey T, Daffurn K, Jacques TC, Norman SL, Bishop GF, Simmons EG. (2000). Rates of in-hospital arrests, deaths and intensive care admissions: the effect of a medical emergency team. The Medical Journal of Australia; 173: 236–240.
7. Buist MD, Jarmolowski E, Burton PR, Bernard SA, Waxman BP, Anderson J. (1999). Recognising clinical instability in hospital patients before cardiac arrest or unplanned admission to intensive care. A pilot study in a tertiary-care hospital. The Medical Journal of Australia; 171: 22–25.
8. Buist MD, Moore GE, Bernard SA, Waxman BP, Anderson JN, Nguyen TV. (2002). Effects of a medical emergency team on reduction of incidence of and mortality from unexpected cardiac arrests in hospital: preliminary study. British Medical Journal; 324: 387–390.
9. Cohn AC, Wilson WM, Yan B, Joshi SB, Heily M, Moriey P, Maruff P, Grigg LE, Ajani AE. (2004). Analysis of clinical outcomes following in-hospital adult cardiac arrest. Internal Medicine Journal; 34: 398–402.
10. DeVita MA, Braithwaithe RS, Mahidhara R, Stuart S, Foraida M, Simmons RL; Members of the Medical Emergency Response Improvement Team (MERIT). (2004). Use of medical emergency team response to reduce hospital cardiopulmonary arrests. Quality and Safety in Health Care; 13: 251–254.
11. Franklin C, Mathew J. (1994). Developing strategies to prevent in-hospital cardiac arrest: analyzing responses of physicians and nurses in the hours before the event. Critical Care Medicine; 22: 244–247.
12. Goldhill DR, Worthington, L, Mulcahy, A, Tarling, M, Sumner, A. (1999). The patient-at-risk team: identifying and managing seriously ill ward patients. Anaesthesia; 54: 853–860.
13. Gwinnutt CL, Columb B, Harris R. (2000). Outcome after cardiac arrest in adults in UK hospitals: effect of the 1997 guidelines. Resuscitation; 47: 125–135.
14. Hader R. (2005). Best practice protocols: Every second counts. Nursing Management; 36: 29–33.
15. Hillman K, Bishop G, Lee A, Daffurn K, Bauman A, Crispin S, Ince L, Bristow P, Hourihan, F. (1995). Identifying the general ward patient at high risk of cardiac arrest. Clinical Intensive Care; 7: 242–243.
16. Hillman K. (1999). The changing role of acute-care hospitals. The Medical Journal of Australia; 170: 325–328.
17. Hillman K, Parr M, Flabouris A, Bishop A, Stewart A. (2001a). Redefining in-hospital resuscitation: the concept of the medical emergency team. Resuscitation; 48: 105–110.
18. Hillman K, Bristow PJ, Chey T, Daffurn K, Jacques S, Norman SL, Bishop GF, Simmons G. (2001b). Antecedents to hospital deaths. Internal Medicine Journal; 31: 343–348.
19. Hillman K, Chen J, Cretikos M, Bellomo R, Brown D, Doig G, Finfer S, Flabouris A. (2005). Introduction of the medical emergency team (MET) system: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. The MERIT Study Investigators. Lancet; 365: 2091–2097.
20. Hodgetts TJ, Kenward G, Vlachonikolis IG, Payne S, Castle N. (2002). Incidence, location and reasons for avoidable in-hospital cardiac arrest in a district general hospital. Resuscitation; 54: 115–123.
21. Hourihan F, Bishop G, Hillman KM, Dafurn K, Lee A. (1995). The medical emergency team: a new strategy to identify and intervene in high-risk patients. Clinical Intensive Care; 6: 269–272.
22. Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) (n.d.) 100 000 Lives Campaign. http://www.ihi.org/IHI/Programs/Campaign/(accessed 10/04/07).
23. Kause J, Smith G, Prytherch D, Parr M, Flabouris A, Hillman K. (2004). A comparison of Antecedents to Cardiac Arrests, Deaths, and Emergency Intensive care Admissions in Australia and New Zealand, and the United Kingdom-the ACADEMIA study. Resuscitation; 62: 275–282.
24. Kenward G, Castle C, Hodgetts T, Shaikh L. (2004). Evaluation of a Medical Emergency Team one year after implementation. Resuscitation; 61: 257–263.
25. Kerrdige RK, Saul WP. (2003). The medical emergency team, evidence-based medicine and ethics. The Medical Journal of Australia; 179: 313–315.
26. Lee A, Bishop KM, Hillman KM, Daffurn K. (1995). The Medical Emergency Team. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care; 23: 183–186.
27. Odell M. (2005). Introduction of the medical emergency team (MET) system: a cluster-randomised controlled trial (Commentary: Hillman K, Chen J et al.). Nursing in Critical Care; 12: 50–51.
28. McQuillan P, Pilkington S, Allan A, Taylor B, Short A, Morgan G, Nielson M, Barret D, Smith G. (1998). Confidential inquiry into quality of care before admission to intensive care. British Medical Journal; 316: 1853–1858.
29. Morgan RJM, Williams F, Wright MM. (1997). An early warning scoring system for detecting developing critical illness. Clinical Intensive Care; 8: 100.
30. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). (2007). Acutely ill patients in hospital: recognition of and response to acute illness in adults in hospital. NICE clinical guideline No. 50. http://nice.org.uk/CG050 (accessed 03/08/07).
31. Parr MJ, Hadfield JH, Flabouris A, Bishop G, Hillman K. (2001). The medical emergency team: 12-month analysis of reasons for activation, immediate outcome and not-for-resuscitation orders. Resuscitation; 50: 39–44.
32. Priestley G, Watson W, Rashidian A, Mozley C, Russell D, Wilson J, Cope J, Hart D, Kay D, Cowley K, Pateraki J. (2004). Introducing Critical Care Outreach; a ward randomised trial of phased introduction in a general hospital. Intensive Care Medicine; 30: 1398–1404.
33. Piquette D, Fowler RA. (2005). Do medical emergency teams improve the outcomes of in-hospital patients? Canadian Medical Association Journal; 173: 599–600.
34. Rural and Regional Health and Aged Care Services Division. (2006). Safer Systems – Saving Lives. Implementing a Rapid Response System. Toolkit. State government of Victoria: Department of Human Services.
35. Salamonsen Y, Kariyawasam A, van Heere B, O’Connor C. (2001). The evolutionary process of Medical Emergency Team (MET) implementation: reduction in unanticipated ICU transfers. Resuscitation; 49: 135–141.
36. Schein RMH, Hazday N, Pena M, Ruben BH, Sprung CL. (1990). Clinical antecedents to in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. Chest; 98: 1388–1392.
37. Schneider PA, Nelson DJ, Brown, DD. (1993). In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a 30-year review. Journal of American Board of Family Practice; 6: 91–101.
38. Wilson R, Runciman WB, Gibberd RW, Harrison BT, Newby L, Hamilton JD. (1995). The quality in Australian Healthcare Study. The Medical Journal of Australia; 163: 458–471.