Idiopathic toe walking: A kinematic and kinetic profile

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 352-358

  Westberry, David E ^a   Davids, Jon R ^a   Davis, Roy B ^a   De Morais Filho, Mauro César ^b  

^a SHRINERS HOSPITALS FOR CHILDREN   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Gait analysis; Idiopathic toe walking

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANKLE; ARTICLE; CHILD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROL GROUP; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GAIT; GAIT DISORDER; HEEL; HUMAN; IDIOPATHIC DISEASE; IDIOPATHIC TOE WALKING; KINEMATICS; KINETICS; LABORATORY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOBILIZATION; MOTION ANALYSIS SYSTEM; NEUROLOGY; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SCHOOL CHILD; STANDING; WALKING;

ADOLESCENT; ANKLE JOINT; BIOMECHANICS; CEREBRAL PALSY; FEMALE; GAIT; HUMANS; KNEE JOINT; MALE; RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR; TOES;

EID: 41149124019     PISSN: 02716798     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e318168d996     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Hall JE, Salter RB, Bhalla SK. Congenital short tendo calcaneus. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1967;49(4):695-697.
2. Sutherland DH, Olshen R, Cooper L, et al. The development of mature gait. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1980;62(3):336-353.
3. Statham L, Murray MP. Early walking patterns of normal children. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1971;79:8-24.
4. Griffin PP, Wheelhouse WW, Shiavi R, et al. Habitual toe-walkers. A clinical and electromyographic gait analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1977;59(1):97-101.
5. Hicks R, Durinick N, Gage JR. Differentiation of idiopathic toe-walking and cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop. 1988;8(2):160-163.
6. Kelly IP, Jenkinson A, Stephens M, et al. The kinematic patterns of toe-walkers. J Pediatr Orthop. 1997;17(4):478-480.
7. Perry J. Gait Analysis Normal and Pathological Function. Thorofare, NJ: Slack, Inc.; 1992.
8. Davis RB, Ounpuu S, Tyburski DJ, et al. A gait analysis data collection and reduction technique. Hum Mov Sci. 1991;10(5):575-587.
9. Stott NS, Walt SE, Lobb GA, et al. Treatment for idiopathic toe-walking: results at skeletal maturity. J Pediatr Orthop. 2004;24(1):63-69.
10. Kalen V, Adler N, Bleck EE. Electromyography of idiopathic toe walking. J Pediatr Orthop. 1986;6(1):31-33.
11. Papariello SG, Skinner SR. Dynamic electromyography analysis of habitual toe-walkers. J Pediatr Orthop. 1985;5(2):171-175.
12. Policy JF, Torburn L, Rinsky LA, et al. Electromyographic test to differentiate mild diplegic cerebral palsy and idiopathic toe-walking. J Pediatr Orthop. 2001; 21(6):784-789.
13. Rose J, Martin JG, Torburn L, et al. Electromyographic differentiation of diplegic cerebral palsy from idiopathic toe walking: involuntary coactivation of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius. J Pediatr Orthop. 1999;19(5):677-682.
14. Hemo Y, Macdessi SJ, Pierce RA, et al. Outcome of patients after Achilles tendon lengthening for treatment of idiopathic toe walking. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006;26(3): 336-340.
15. McMulkin ML, Baird GO, Caskey PM, et al. Comprehensive outcomes of surgically treated idiopathic toe walkers. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006;26(5):606-611.
16. Davids JR, Foti T, Dabelstein J, et al. Voluntary (normal) versus obligatory (cerebral palsy) toe-walking in children: a kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic analysis. J Pediatr Orthop. 1999;19(4):461-469.