Spurious activation of safety instrumented systems in the oil and gas industry: Basic concepts and formulas

Reliability Engineering and System Safety

Volumn 93, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1208-1217

  Lundteigen, Mary Ann ^a   Rausand, Marvin ^a  

^a NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Norway)

Author keywords

False process demand; Safety instrumented system; Spurious activation; Spurious operation; Spurious trip

Indexed keywords

GAS INDUSTRY; PLANT SHUTDOWNS; PRODUCTION CONTROL;

FALSE PROCESS DEMANDS; SAFETY INSTRUMENTED SYSTEMS; SPURIOUS ACTIVATIONS; SPURIOUS OPERATIONS; SPURIOUS TRIPS;

SAFETY ENGINEERING;

EID: 40949092681     PISSN: 09518320     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2007.07.004     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. IEC 61508. Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems. Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission; 1998.
2. IEC 61511. Functional safety-safety instrumented systems for the process industry. Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission; 2003.
3. Summers AE. Viewpoint on ISA TR84.0.02-simplified methods and fault tree analysis. ISA Trans 2000;39(2):125-131.
4. ISATR 84.00.02. ISA-TR84.00.02-2002-Part 4: safety instrumented functions (SIF)-safety integrity level (SIL) evaluation techniques part 4: determining the SIL of a SIF via Markov analysis. Technical Report, Research Triangle Park, NC: The Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society; 2002.
5. SINTEF. Reliability prediction methods for safety instrumented systems, PDS method handbook, 2006 ed. SINTEF; 2006.
6. Smith D.J., and Simpson K.G.L. Functional safety-a straightforward guide to applying the IEC 61508 and related standards (2005), Elsevier, Burlington, UK
7. ANSI/ISA. ANSI/ISA-84.01-1996: application of safety instrumented systems for the process industries. Technical Report, Research Triangle Park, NC: American National Standard Institute; 1996.
8. OREDA. OREDA Reliability Data. OREDA Participants, 4th ed., Available from: Det Norske Veritas, NO 1322 Høvik, Norway; 2002.
9. IEC 61513. Nuclear power plants-instrumentation and control for systems important to safety-general requirements for systems. Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission; 2001.
10. IEC TR 61838. Nuclear power plants-instrumentation and control functions important for safety-use of probabilistic safety assessment for the classification. Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission; 2001.
11. ISO 14224. Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries-collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment. Geneva: International Standards Organization; 2006.
12. Sandtorv A.H., Hokstad P., and Thompson D.W. Practical experience with a data collection project: the OREDA project. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 51 2 (1996) 159-167
13. Rausand M., and Høyland A. System reliability theory; models, statistical methods, and applications. 2nd ed. (2004), Wiley, New York
14. Lu L., and Jiang J. Analysis of on-line maintenance strategies for k-out-of-n standby safety systems. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 92 (2007) 144-155
15. Andrews J.D., and Bartlett L.M. A branching search approach to safety system design optimisation. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 87 (2005) 23-30
16. Cho S, Jiang J. Analysis of surveillance test interval by Markov process for SDS1 in CANDU nuclear power plants. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 2006, in press, doi: 10.1016/j.ress.2006.10.007.