Hatching feminisms: Czech feminist aspirations in the 1990s

Gender and History

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 86-104

  Argent, Angela ^a  

^a MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FEMINISM; GENDER IDENTITY; GENDER ISSUE; PUBLIC ATTITUDE;

CENTRAL EUROPE; CZECH REPUBLIC; EURASIA; EUROPE;

EID: 40849102963     PISSN: 09535233     EISSN: 14680424     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0424.2007.00510.x     Document Type: Article

References (117)

1. Pavla Jonssonová, 'Porodíi feministky ducha nového tisíciletíi?', Lidové noviny, 29 May 1999, p. 19.
2. The notion of 'hatching' central to this essay is borrowed from the title of Jitka Malečková's introduction to an essay by the late Hungarian feminist Agnes Hochberg, 'L'Eclosion du féminisme en Europe centrale et de l'est: Une grande diversité de contextes', Les Temps Modernes 593 (1997), pp. 144-7.
3. Vodrážka sometimes liked to feminise his first and last name. Women's surnames in Czech frequently take the genitive (ownership) form 'ová' in order to signify the relationship between wife and husband or daughter and father. Vodrážka has added this ending to his name in some of his texts, presumably in order to signify his feeling of solidarity with the women that he feels are oppressed by this convention.
4. See e.g., Eva Věšínová in Nad'a Macurová, 'Backlash a osudy feminismu: Rozhovor s PhDr. Evou Věšínovou', Tvar, 12 January 1995, p. 12.
5. Marie Čermáková, 'Společné feministické: O dalš)ích souvislostech Červencového balancování Na hraně'
6. Eva Věšínová, 'Společné feministické: Teleivizní feminismus a antifeminismus: Post scriptum o militantnosti', Tvar, 8 January 1998, pp. 10 and 11 respectively.
7. Eva Věšínová, 'Feminismus? Proč ne!', Mladý svět 19-25 March 1993, p. 58.
8. Jaroslava. Št'astná, 'New Opportunities in the Czech Republic', Transition: Events and Issues in the Former Soviet Union and East Central and Southern Europe 1 (1995), pp. 24-8, 61, here p. 25.
9. See Joan W. Scott, Only Paradoxes to Offer: French Feminists and the Rights of Man (Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1996), p. 12.
10. Hana Havelková, 'Affidamento', in Marie Chřibková, Josef Chuchma and Eva Klimentová, Nové čtení světa: Feminismus devadesátých let českýma očima (Prague: One Woman Press, 1999), p. 59.
11. Jiǐrina Šiklová wrote a number of changing narratives about the experiences of women who experienced state socialism. She is widely regarded today in her own country as the grandmother of Czech feminism. However, her strongly emotional response to 'western feminism' based on 'Czech women's experience' (singular) has meant that her texts are controversial outside Prague. For a discussion of Šiklová's texts see Angela Argent, 'Post-Communism and "Women's Experience"?', in Robin L. Teske and Mary Ann Tetreault (eds), Feminist Approaches to Social Movements: Community and Power, vol. 2: Partial Truths and the Politics of Community (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2003), pp. 35-66.
12. Hana Havelková, 'Uniting Many Sisters:ARegional Look at Gender Politics Reveals a Common Paradox', Transitions: Changes in Post-Communist Societies 5 (1998), pp. 94-5.
13. Mirek Vodrážka, in Martina Couflová, 'Feminista: Mirek Vodrážka', Reflex, 29 April 1997, pp. 36-7.
14. Havelková, 'Affidamento', pp. 46-64, here p. 53.
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16. Havelková distinguishes between the 'dynamic emancipatory' 1950s and 1960s, and the 'period of stagnation and adaptation' that came in the aftermath of the Warsaw Pact invasion of 1968. According to Havelková, while during the 1950s and early 1960s 'women achieved the same educational level as men and were able to test their abilities atwork and in public life', after this time 'despite a general improvement of women's social status, their individual options in arranging their life was reduced to a minimum'. Hana Havelková, '"Patriarchy" in Czech Society', Hypatia 8.4 (1993), pp. 89-96.
17. E.g., Václav Havel, at the time a playwright and later president, wrote in the late 1980s that to him, feminism seemed simply 'dada'. Václav Havel, 'An Anatomy of Reticence', Living in Truth: Twenty-Two Essays Published on the Occasion of the Award of the Erasmus Prize to Václav Havel, tr. E. Kohák (London: Faber and Faber, 1987), pp. 164-95.
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25. Havelková, 'Affidamento', p. 54.
26. Quoted in Kuncová, 'Feministky', pp. 10-12.
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29. Havelková, 'Affidamento', p. 58.
30. Hana Havelková, 'K problému politické reprezentace a občanské zkušenosti žen', in Společnost žen a mužů z aspektu gender, pp. 35-41, here p. 38.
31. On the Diotima, see Giovanna Miceli Jeffries, 'Caring and Nurturing in Italian Women's Theory and Fiction', in Giovanna Miceli Jeffries (ed.), Feminine Feminists: Cultural Practices in Italy (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994), pp. 87-108.
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36. Haisová, 'Quo vadis, Marie', p. 24.
37. See Ladislav Holý, The Little Czech and the Great Czech Nation: National Identity and Post-Communist Social Transformation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp. 169-72.
38. Ludvíková, 'Prague Mothers', pp. 84-5.
39. Haisová, 'Quo vadis, Marie?', p. 24.
40. Literary and Educational Bulletin, Library of the Foundation for Gender Studies, March 1992, p. 3.
41. Haisová, 'Quo vadis, Marie?', p. 24.
42. Berková, in Stránský, 'Feminismus: ženská msta', p. 31.
43. AlexandraBerková, in an interviewwith Hana Petrová in Busheiken and Kolczak (eds), Altos and Sopranos, pp. 78-9.
44. Berková, in Jana Komárková, 'Feminismus není boj', Večerník Praha, 14 March 1997, pp. 12-13.
45. Berková, in Busheiken and Kolczak (eds), Altos and Sopranos, pp. 78-9.
46. Berková, in Stránský, 'Feminismus: ženská msta', p. 31.
47. So-named for the record-breaking iconic coalminer from the Donbass in the USSR.
48. Haisová, 'Quo vadis, Marie?', p. 26Čarp, traditionally eaten at Christmas, is bought from street vendors where it flaps around in overcrowded tubs.
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55. Vodrážka/Vodrážková, 'Hranice české společnosti', pp. 254-60.
56. The Department of Gender Studies at Charles University,
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68. Hauserová, 'Klub žen Zeleného kruhu', p. 289.
69. Berková, in Komárková, 'Feminismus není boj', pp. 12-13.
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95. Andrea Maihofer, 'Care', in Alison M. Jagger and Iris Marion Young (eds), A Companion to Feminist Philosophy (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), pp. 383-92.
96. Jeffries, 'Caring and Nurturing in Italian Women's Theory and Fiction', pp. 87-108.
97. Nancy Chodorow, The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender (Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 1978).
98. Čarol Gilligan, 'In a Different Voice: Women's Conceptions of Self and Morality', in Diana Tietjens Meyers (ed.), Feminist Social Thought: A Reader (London: Routledge, 1997), p. 550.
99. Sara Ruddick, 'Preservative Love and Military Destruction: Some Reflections of Mothering and Peace', in Maggie Humm (ed.), Modern Feminisms: Political, Literary, Cultural (New York: Columbia University Press, 1992), pp. 298-303.
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101. Virginia Woolf, Three Guineas (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977).
102. Lynne Segal, Is the Future Female: Troubled Thoughts on Contemporary Feminism (London: Virago, 1988).
103. Woolf, Three Guineas, p. 26.
104. Segal, Is the Future Female, p. 200.
105. Elzbieta Matynia, 'Finding a Voice:WOmen in Postcommunist Central Europe', in Amrita Basu (ed.), The Challenge of Local Feminisms: Women's Movements in Global Perspectives (Colorado: Westview Press, 1995), pp. 374-403, here p. 388.
106. Věšínová, 'Společné feministické', pp. 10-13.
107. Vodrážka, 'Společné feministické', p. 12.
108. Vodrážka/Vodrážková, 'Hranice česḱace společnosti', pp. 254-60.
109. Miroslav Vodrážka, 'O české gynekologii a evropské gynekologii', Aspekt 2 (1997), pp. 152-5.
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111. Čermáková, 'Feminismus po česku', p. 20.
112. Sommerová, 'Konec patriarchátu v Čechách?', p. 181.
113. Sommerová, 'Konec patriarchátu v Čechách?', p. 178.
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