Effects of oral and transdermal hormonal contraception on vascular risk markers: A randomized controlled trial

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volumn 111, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 278-284

  Johnson, Julia V ^a   Lowell, Jane ^a   Badger, Gary J ^a   Rosing, Jan ^a   Tchaikovski, Svetlana ^a   Cushman, Mary ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTITHROMBIN; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 8; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; DRUG DERIVATIVE; ETHINYLESTRADIOL; FIBRINOGEN; NORELGESTROMIN; NORGESTIMATE; NORGESTREL; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; OXIME; PLASMA PROTEIN; PROTEIN S; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR; ACTIVATED PROTEIN C; ALPHA 2 MACROGLOBULIN; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; D DIMER; THROMBIN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; BLOOD; BLOOD CLOTTING; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTRADERMAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; METABOLISM; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RISK FACTOR; THROMBOSIS; BLOOD SAMPLING; DRUG DOSAGE FORM COMPARISON; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; NORMAL HUMAN; ORAL CONTRACEPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SINGLE BLIND PROCEDURE; VASCULAR DISEASE;

ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANTITHROMBINS; BLOOD COAGULATION; BLOOD PROTEINS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL, HORMONAL; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; ETHINYL ESTRADIOL; FACTOR VIII; FEMALE; FIBRINOGEN; HUMANS; NORGESTREL; OXIMES; PROTEIN S; RISK FACTORS; THROMBOSIS; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR;

EID: 40749160125     PISSN: 00297844     EISSN: 1873233X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181626d1b     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Vandenbroucke JP, Rosing J, Bloemenkamp KW, Middeldorp S, Helmerhorst FM, Bouma BN, et al. Oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thrombosis. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1527-35.
2. Baillargeon JP, McClish DK, Essah PA, Nestler JE. Association between the current use of low-dose oral contraceptives and cardiovascular arterial disease: a meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrin Metab 2005;90:3863-70.
3. Scarabin PY, Oger E, Plu-Bureau G; Estrogen and THromboEmbolism Risk Study Group. Differential association of oral and transdermal oestrogen-replacement therapy with venous thromboembolism risk. Lancet 2003;362:428-32.
4. Perera M, Sattar N, Petrie JR, Hillier C, Small M, Connell JM, et al. The effects of transdermal estradiol in combination with oral norethisterone on lipoproteins, coagulation, and endothelial markers in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrin Metab 2001;86:1140-3.
5. Lowe GD, Upton MN, Rumley A, McConnachie A, O'Reilly DS, Watt GC. Different effects of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapies on factor IX, APC resistance, t-PA, PAI and C-reactive protein—a cross-sectional population survey. Thromb Haemost 2001;86:550-6.
6. Jick SS, Kaye JA, Russmann S, Jick H. Risk of nonfatal venous thromboembolism in women using a contraceptive transdermal patch and oral contraceptives containing norgestimate and 35 mcg of ethinyl estradiol. Contraception 2006;73:223-8.
7. Cole JA, Norman H, Doherty M, Walker AM. Venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke among transdermal contraceptive system users. Obstet Gynecol 2007;109:339-46.
8. Humpel M, Wendt H, Pommerenke G, Weiss C, Speck U. Investigations of pharmacokinetics of levonorgestrel to specific consideration of a possible first-pass effect in women. Contraception 1978;17:207-20.
9. Tans G, Curvers J, Middeldorp S, Thomassen MC, Meijers JC, Prins MH, et al. A randomized cross-over study on the effects of levonorgestrel- and desogestrel-containing oral contraceptives on the anticoagulant pathways. Thromb Haemost 2000;84:15-21.
10. Middeldorp S, Meijers JC, van den Ende AE, van Enk A, Bouma BN, Tans G, et al. Effects on coagulation of levonorgestrel- and desogestrel-containing low dose oral contraceptives: a cross-over study. Thromb Haemost 2000;84:4-8.
11. The Oral Contraceptive and Hemostasis Study Group. An open label, randomized study to evaluate the effects of seven monophasic oral contraceptive regimens on hemostatic variables. Contraception 1999;59:345-55.
12. Archer DF, Mammen EF, Grubb GS. The effects of a low-dose monophasic preparation of levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol on coagulation and other hemostatic factors. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;181:S63-6.
13. Wu O, Roberston L, Langhorne P, Twaddle S, Lowe GD, Clark P, et al. Oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, thrombophilias, and risk of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review. The Thrombosis, Risk, and Economic Assessment of Thrombophilia Screening (TREATS) Study. Thromb Haemost 2005;94:17-25.
14. Rosing J, Tans G, Nicolaes GA, Thomassen MC, van Oerle R, van der Ploeg PM, et al. Oral contraceptives and venous thrombosis: different sensitivities to activated protein C in women using second- and third-generation oral contraceptives. Br J Haematol 1997;97:233-8.
15. Vandenbroucke JP, Helmerhorst FM, Bloemenkamp KW, Rosendaal FR. Third-generation oral contraceptive and deep venous thrombosis: from epidemiologic controversy to new insight in coagulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;177:887-91.
16. van Rooijen M, Hansson LO, Frostegard J, Silveira A, Hamsten A, Bremme K. Treatment with combined oral contraceptives induces a rise in serum C-reactive protein in the absence of a general inflammatory response. J Thrombos Haemost 2006;4:77-82.
17. Abrams LS, Skee DM, Natarajan J, Wong FA, Anderson GD. Pharmacokinetics of a contraceptive patch (Evra and Ortho Evra) containing norelgestromin and ethinyloestradiol at four application sites. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002;53:141-6.
18. Hemker HC, Giesen P, Al Dieri R, Regnault V, de Smedt E, Wagenvoord R, et al. Calibrated automated thrombin generation measurement in clotting plasma. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb 2003;33:4-15.
19. Jones B, Kenward MG. Design and analysis of cross-over trials. 2nd ed. Boca Raton (FL): Chapman and Hall/CRC; 2003.
20. Cushman M, Arnold AM, Psaty BM, Manolio TA, Kuller LH, Burke GL, et al. C-reactive protein and the 10-year incidence of coronary heart disease in older men and women: the cardiovascular health study. Circulation 2005;112:25-31.
21. Rosing J, Middeldorp S, Curvers J, Christella M, Thomassen LG, Nicolaes GA, et al. Low-dose oral contraceptives and acquired resistance to activated protein C: a randomized cross-over study. Lancet 1999;354:2036-40.
22. Kemmeren JM, Algra A, Meijers JC, Tans G, Bouma BN, Curvers J, et al. Effect of second- and third-generation oral contraceptives on the protein C system in the absence or presence of the factor V Leiden mutation: a randomized trial. Blood 2004;103:927-33.