Postpartum characteristics of rectus abdominis on ultrasound imaging

Manual Therapy

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 112-121

  Coldron, Yvonne ^a   Stokes, Maria J ^b   Newham, Di J ^c   Cook, Katy ^d  

^a ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

^c KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^d ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Muscle characteristics; Postpartum; Rectus abdominis; Ultrasound scanning

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL WALL; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ECHOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MUSCLE STIFFNESS; POSTNATAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUERPERIUM; RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; EXERCISE THERAPY; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MIDDLE AGED; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; POSTPARTUM PERIOD; RECTUS ABDOMINIS; REFERENCE VALUES; REGRESSION ANALYSIS;

EID: 40749136316     PISSN: 1356689X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2006.10.001     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Boissonnault J.S., and Blaschak M.J. Incidence of diastasis recti abdominis during the childbearing year. Physical Therapy 68 7 (1988) 1082-1086
2. Bottinelli R., Pellegrino M.A., Canepari M., Rossi R., and Reggiani C. Specific contributions of various muscle fibre types to human muscle performance: an in vitro study. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 9 (1999) 87-95
3. Bursch S.G. Interrater reliability of diastasis recti abdominis measurement. Physical Therapy 67 7 (1987) 1077-1079
4. Caix M., Outrequin G., Descottes B., Kalfon M., and Pouget X. The muscles of the abdominal wall: a new functional approach with anatomoclinical deductions. Anatomia Clinica 6 (1984) 101-108
5. Candido G., Lo T., and Janssen P.A. Risk factors for diastasis of the recti abdominis. Journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Women's Health 97 Autumn (2005) 49-54
6. Chi-Fishman G., Hicks J.E., Cintas H.M., Sonies B.C., and Gerber L.H. Ultrasound imaging distinguishes between normal and weak muscle. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 85 6 (2004) 980-986
7. Clark K.M., Holt L.E., and Sinyard J. Electromyographic comparison of the upper and lower rectus abdominis during abdominal exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 17 3 (2003) 475-483
8. Dix D.J., and Eisenberg B.R. Myosin mRNA accumulation and myofibrillogenesis at the myotendinous junction of stretched muscle fibers. Journal of Cell Biology 111 5, Part 1 (1990) 1885-1894
9. Elliott J.M., Galloway G.J., Jull G.A., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of the upper cervical spine extensor musculature in an asymptomatic cohort: an index of fat within muscle. Clinical Radiology 60 (2005) 355-363
10. Fast A., Weiss L., Ducommun E.J., Medina E., and Butler J.G. Low-back pain in pregnancy: abdominal muscles, sit-up performance, and back pain. Spine 15 1 (1990) 28-30
11. Gilleard W.L., and Brown J.M. Structure and function of the abdominal muscles in primigravid subjects during pregnancy and the immediate postbirth period. Physical Therapy 76 7 (1996) 750-762
12. Goldspink G. Impairment of IGF-I gene splicing and MGF expression associated with muscle wasting. The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 38 3 (2006) 481-489
13. Goldspink G., Scutt A., Martindale J., Jaenicke T., Turay L., and Gerlach G.F. Stretch and force generation induce rapid hypertrophy and myosin isoform gene switching in adult skeletal muscle. Biochemistry Society Transactions 19 2 (1991) 368-373
14. Graziotti G.H., Rios C.M., and Rivero J.L. Evidence for three fast myosin heavy chain isoforms in type II skeletal muscle fibers in the adult llama (Lama glama). Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry 49 (2001) 1033-1044
15. Gunreben G., and Bogdahn U. Real-time sonography of acute and chronic muscle denervation. Muscle Nerve 14 7 (1991) 654-664
16. Haggmark T., and Thorstensson A. Fibre types in human abdominal muscles. Acta Physiologica Scandanavica 107 4 (1979) 319-325
17. Kendall F.P., McCreary E., and Provance D. Muscles: testing and function. 4th ed (1993), Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, USA pp. 131-176 [Chapter 6]
18. Lalatta C.G., Barazzoni A.M., Lucchi M.L., and Bortolami R. Histochemical types and sizes of fibers in the rectus abdominis muscle of guinea pig: adaptive response to pregnancy. Anatomy Record 217 1 (1987) 23-29
19. Lalatta C.G., Barazzoni A.M., Lucchi M.L., and Bortolami R. Fiber sizes and histochemical characteristics of the rectus abdominis muscle of the rabbit under conditions of pregnancy and mechanically induced stress. Anatomy Record 222 2 (1988) 136-144
20. Lamminen A. Low field magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography in muscle diseases. Acta Radiologica Supplement 377 (1991) 42-45
21. Lo T., Candido G., and Janssen P. Diastasis of the recti abdominis in pregnancy: risk factors and treatment. Physiotherapy Canada 44 (1999) 32-37
22. Mantle M.J., Greenwood R.M., and Currey H.L. Backache in pregnancy. Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 16 2 (1977) 95-101
23. Martin W.D. A study of the effect of pregnancy on muscle fibers of the rectus abdominis muscle of the rat. Anatomical Record 195 3 (1979) 455-462
24. Maurits N.M., Bollen A.E., Windhausen A., De Jager A.E., and Van Der Hoeven J.H. Muscle ultrasound analysis: normal values and differentiation between myopathies and neuropathies. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 29 2 (2003) 215-225
25. Nahas F.X., Ferreira L.M., Augusto S.M., and Ghelfond C. Long-term follow-up of correction of rectus diastasis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 115 6 (2005) 1736-1741
26. Negrao Filho R.F., Berzin F., and Souza G.C. Electromyography study of the portions of the abdominal rectus muscle. Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology 37 8 (1997) 491-501
27. Negrao Filho R.F., Berzin F., and Souza G.C. Quantitative end qualitative analysis of the electrical activity of rectus abdominis muscle portions. Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology 43 5 (2003) 305-314
28. Noren L., Ostgaard S., Johansson G., and Ostgaard H.C. Lumbar back and posterior pelvic pain during pregnancy: a 3-year follow-up. European Spine Journal 11 3 (2002) 267-271
29. Ostgaard H.C. Lumbar and pelvic pain in pregnancy. In: Vleeming A., Mooney V., Dorman T., Snijders C., and Stoeckart R. (Eds). Movement, stability and low back pain (1997), Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh 411-420 [Chapter 33]
30. Ostgaard H.C., and Andersson G.B. Postpartum low-back pain. Spine 17 1 (1992) 53-55
31. Ostgaard H.C., Andersson G.B., and Karlsson K. Prevalence of back pain in pregnancy. Spine 16 5 (1991) 549-552
32. Ostgaard H.C., Roos-Hansson E., and Zetherstrom G. Regression of back and posterior pelvic pain after pregnancy. Spine 21 23 (1996) 2777-2780
33. Ostgaard H.C., Zetherstrom G., and Roos-Hansson E. Back pain in relation to pregnancy: a 6-year follow-up. Spine 22 24 (1997) 2945-2950
34. Polden M., and Mantle J. Physiotherapy in obstetrics and gynaecology (1990), Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford p. 222-80 [Chapter 7]
35. Potter HM, Downey JL, Jones ST. Effect of an Intense training programme for the deep antero-lateral abdominal muscles on rectus abdominis diastasis: a single case study. In: Proceedings of the 10 Biennial Conference of the Manipulative Physiotherapists Association of Australia (MPAA). Victoria, Australia: MPAA; 1997a. p. 153-5.
36. Potter HM, Randall HF, Strauss GR. Effect of pregnancy and motherhood on trunk muscle strength: an examination of isokinetic trunk strength at 24 weeks postpartum. In: Proceedings of the 10 Biennial Conference of the Manipulative Physiotherapists Association of Australia (MPAA). Victoria, Australia: MPAA; 1997b. p. 151-2.
37. Rath A.M., Attali P., Dumas J.L., Goldlust D., Zhang J., and Chevrel J.P. The abdominal linea alba: an anatomo-radiologic and biomechanical study. Surgical and Radiological Anatomy 18 4 (1996) 281-288
38. Reimers K., Reimers C.D., Wagner S., Paetzke I., and Pongratz D.E. Skeletal muscle sonography: a correlative study of echogenicity and morphology. Journal of Ultrasound Medicine 12 2 (1993) 73-77
39. Sarti M.A., Monfort M., Fuster M.A., and Villaplana L.A. Muscle activity in upper and lower rectus abdominus during abdominal exercises. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 77 12 (1996) 1293-1297
40. Sheppard S. The role of transversus abdominis in postpartum correction of gross divarication recti. Manual Therapy 1 4 (1996) 214-216
41. Spence M. Postnatal survey. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 34 (1978) 151-160
42. Stelzner F., Beyenburg S., and Hahn N. [Acquired disorders of peritoneal cavity muscles. Abdominal wall denervation in pregnancy, denervation incontinence, and continent and incontinent constipation]. Langenbecks Archiv fuer Chirugie 378 1 (1993) 49-59
43. Stokes MJ, Hides JA, Nassiri DK. Musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging; diagnostic and trreatment aid in rehabilitation. Physical Therapy Reviews 1997;2:73-92.
44. Udd B., Lamminen A., and Somer H. Imaging methods reveal unexpected patchy lesions in late onset distal myopathy. Neuromuscular Disorders 1 4 (1991) 279-285
45. van Uchelen J.H., Kon M., and Werker P.M. The long-term durability of plication of the anterior rectus sheath assessed by ultrasonography. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 107 6 (2001) 1578-1584
46. Williams P.E., and Goldspink G. Changes in sarcomere length and physiological properties in immobilized muscle. Journal of Anatomy 127 3 (1978) 459-468
47. Williams P.L., Warwick R., Dyson M., and Bannister L.H. Gray's anatomy. 37th ed (1989), Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh p. 546-69 [Chapter 5]
48. Williams P., Kyberd P., Simpson H., Kenwright J., and Goldspink G. The morphological basis of increased stiffness of rabbit tibialis anterior muscles during surgical limb-lengthening. Journal of Anatomy 193 Pt 1 (1998) 131-138
49. Zuberi S.M., Matta N., Nawaz S., Stephenson J.B., McWilliam R.C., and Hollman A. Muscle ultrasound in the assessment of suspected neuromuscular disease in childhood. Neuromuscular Disorders 9 4 (1999) 203-207