Increasing male earnings inequality in Canada and the United States, 1981-1997: The role of hours changes versus wage changes

Canadian Public Policy

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 155-175

  Johnson, Susan ^a   Kuhn, Peter ^b  

^a WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INCOME; LABOR MARKET; SKILLED LABOR; WAGE DETERMINATION;

CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 4043152698     PISSN: 03170861     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3552390     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Acemoglu, D. 2001. "Technical Change, Inequality and the Labour Market." Unpublished paper presented at the IRPP-CSLSS conference, "Linkages Between Economic Growth and Inequality," 26-27 January, Ottawa.
2. Antecol, H., P. Kuhn and S. Trejo. 2003. "Assimilation via Prices or Quantities? Labor Market Institutions and Immigrant Earnings Growth in Australia, Canada, and the United States." Unpublished paper.
3. Bar-Or, Y., J. Burbidge, L. Magee and A.L. Robb. 1995. "The Wage Premium to University Education in Canada: 1971-1991," Journal of Labor Economics 13:762-94.
4. Beach, C. and G. Slotsve. 1996. Are We Becoming Two Societies? Income Polarization and the Myth of the Declining Middle Class in Canada. Social Policy Challenge Series, No. 12. Toronto: C.D. Howe Institute.
5. Bell, L. and R. Freeman. 2001. "The Incentive for Working Hard: Explaining Hou̧rs Worked Differences between the U.S. and Germany," Labour Economics 8(2):181-202.
6. Berman, E., J. Bound and Z. Griliches. 1994. "Changes in the Demand for Skilled Labor within U.S. Manufacturing: Evidence from the Annual Survey of Manufacturers," Quarterly Journal of Economics 109:367-97.
7. Blackburn, M. and D. Bloom. 1993. "The Distribution of Family Income: Measuring and Explaining Changes in the 1980s for Canada and the United States," in Small Differences That Matter, ed. D. Card and R.B. Freeman. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
8. Blank, R. and M. Hanratty. 1993. "Responding to Need: A Comparison of Social Safety Nets in Canada and the US," in Small Differences That Matter, ed. D. Card and R.B. Freeman. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
9. Burbidge, J., L. Magee and A.L. Robb. 1997. "Canadian Wage Inequality over the Last Two Decades," Empirical Economics 22:181-203.
10. Burtless, G. 1990. "Earnings Inequality over the Business and Demographic Cycles," in A Future of Lousy Jobs? ed. G. Burtless. Washington DC: The Brookings Institution.
11. Card, D. and J. DiNardo. 2002. "Skill-Biased Technological Change and Rising Wage Inequality: Some Problems and Puzzles," Journal of Labor Economics 20(4):733-83.
12. Card, D., F. Kramarz and T. Lemieux. 1996. "Changes in the Relative Structure of Wages and Employment: A Comparison of the United States, Canada and France." NBER Working Paper No. W5487. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
13. Card, D., F. Kramaz and T. Lemieux. 1999. "Changes in the Relative Structure of Employment: A Comparison of the United States, Canada and France," Canadian Journal of Economics 32(4):843-77.
14. Cross, P. 1996. "Alternative Measures of Business Cycles in Canada: 1947-1992," Canadian Economic Observer (February):3.1-3.39. Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 11-010-XPB.
15. DiNardo, J. and T. Lemieux. 1997. "Diverging Male Wage Inequality in the United States and Canada, 1981-1988: Do Institutions Explain the Difference?" Industrial and Labor Relations Review 50(4):629-51.
16. Doiron, D. and G. Barrett. 1996. "Inequality in Male and Female Earnings: The Role of Hours and Wages," Review of Economics and Statistics 78(3):410-20.
17. Freeman, R.B. 1995. "Are your Wages Set in Beijing?" Journal of Economic Perspectives 9(3):15-32.
18. Freeman, R.B. and K. Needels. 1993. "Skill Differential in Canada in an Era of Rising Labor Market Inequality," in Small Differences That Matter, ed. D. Card and R.B. Freeman. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
19. Gottschalk, P. and M. Joyce. 1997. "Cross-National Differences in the Rise in Earnings Inequality: Market and Institutional Factors." Unpublished paper.
20. Hanratty, M. and R. Blank. 1992. "Down and Out in North America: Recent Trends in Poverty Rates in the United States and Canada," Quarterly Journal of Economics 107(1):233-54.
21. Johnson, G. 1997. "Changes in Earnings Inequality: The Role of Demand Shifts," Journal of Economic Perspectives 11(2):41-54.
22. Johnson, S. and P. Kuhn 2003. "Changes in Wages and Hours of Workers in Different Skill-Groups in the U.S. and Canada from 1981 to 1997." Working Paper No. 2003-05EC. Waterloo, ON: Department of Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University. www.wlu.ca./sbe2000/html/sbe_working_paper_series.html#economics.
23. Juhn, C., K.M. Murphy and B. Pierce. 1993. "Wage Inequality and the Rise in Returns to Skill," Journal of Political Economy 101:410-42.
24. Katz, L. and K. Murphy 1992. "Changes in Relative Wages, 1963-1987: Supply and Demand Factors," Quarterly Journal of Economics 107:35-78.
25. Kuhn, P. 2000. "Canada and the 'OECD Hypothesis': Does Labour Market Inflexibility Explain Canada's High Level of Unemployment?" in Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition, ed. C. Riddell and F. St-Hilaire. Montreal: The Institute for Research on Public Policy.
26. Kuhn, P. and A.L. Robb. 1997. "Unemployment, Skill and Labour Supply: Evidence from Canadian Microdata 1971-1991," in Transition and Structural Change in the North American Labour Market, ed. M.G. Abbott, C.M. Beach and R. Chaykowski. Kingston: IRC Press, Queen's University.
27. Kuhn, P. and A.L. Robb. 1998. "Shifting Skill Demand and the Canada-U.S. Unemployment Gap: Evidence from Prime-Age Men," Canadian Public Policy/Analyse de Politiques 24(Supplement): 170-91.
28. Levy, F. and R. J. Murnane. 1992. "U.S. Earnings Levels and Earnings Inequality: A Review of Recent Trends and Proposed Explanations," Journal of Economic Literature 30:1333-81.
29. Morissette, R. 1995, "Why has Inequality in Weekly Earnings Increased in Canada?" Catalogue No. 80. Ottawa: Business and Labour Market Analysis Division, Statistics Canada.
30. Morissette, R. 1996. "The Growth of Earnings Inequality in Canada." Catalogue No. 96-08. Ottawa: Business and Labour Market Analysis Division, Statistics Canada.
31. Morissette, R., J. Myles and G. Picot. 1994. "Earnings Inequality and the Distribution of Working Time in Canada," Canadian Business Economics (Spring):3-16.
32. Murphy, K. and F. Welch. 1993. "Inequality and Relative Wages," American Economic Review (Papers and Proceedings) 83(2):104-09.
33. Murphy, K., C. Riddell and P. Romer. 1998. "Wages, Skills and Technology in the United States and Canada," in General Purpose Technologies and Economic Growth, ed. E. Helpman. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
34. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 1994. The OECD Jobs Study: Facts, Analysis Strategies. Paris: OECD.
35. Picot, G. 1996. "Working Time, Wages and Earnings Inequality Among Men and Women in Canada 1981-1993." Paper presented at the Canadian International Labour Network Conference on "Labour Market Institutions and Labour Market Outcomes."
36. Richardson, J.D. 1995. "Income Inequality and Trade: How to Think, What to Conclude," Journal of Economic Perspectives 9(3):33-55.
37. Sheridan, M., D. Sunter and B. Diverty. 1996. "The Changing Workweek: Trends in Weekly Hours of Work in Canada, 1976-1995," The Labour Force. Catalogue No. 71-001XPB 52 No. 6. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.
38. Wasmer, E. 2001. "Between-Group Competition in the Labour Market and the Rising Returns to Skill: U.S. and France 1964-2000." Discussion Paper No. 2798. Paris: Centre for Economic Policy Research, OECD.
39. Wood, A. 1995. "How Trade Hurt Unskilled Workers," Journal of Economic Perspectives 9(3):57-90.