Much ado about something: The weight of evidence for PCB effects on neuropsychological function

Psychology in the Schools

Volumn 41, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 669-679

  Schantz, Susan L ^a   Gardiner, Joseph C ^b   Gasior, Donna M ^b   McCaffrey, Robert J ^c   Sweeney, Anne M ^d   Humphrey, Harold E B ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^b MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

^d TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 4043104215     PISSN: 00333085     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/pits.20008     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Bellinger, D.C. (in press). What is an adverse affect? Resolution of clinical and epidemiological perspectives on neuro-behavioral toxicity. Environmental Research.
2. Cicchetti, D.V., Kaufman, A.S., & Sparrow, S.S. (2004). The relationship between prenatal and postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and cognitive, neuropsychological, and behavioral deficits: A critical appraisal. Psychology in the Schools, 41, 589-624.
3. Darvill, T., Lonky, E., Reihman, J., Stewart, P., & Pagano, J. (2000). Prenatal exposure to PCBs and infant performance on the fagan test of infant intelligence. Neurotoxicology, 21(6), 1029-1038.
4. Fleiss, J. (1986). Design and analysis of clinical experiments. New York: Wiley.
5. Flynn, J.R. (1984). The mean IQ of Americans: Massive gains 1932 to 1978. Psychological Bulletin, 95(1), 29-51.
6. Flynn, J.R. (1987). Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 171-191.
7. Gladen, B.C., & Rogan, W.J. (1991). Effects of perinatal polychlorinated biphenyls and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene on later development. Journal of Pediatrics, 119(1, Pt. 1), 58-63.
8. Gladen, B.C., Rogan, W.J., Hardy, P., Thullen, J., Tingelstad, J., & Tully, M. (1988). Development after exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene transplacentally and through human. Journal of Pediatrics, 113(6), 991-995.
9. Grandjean, P., Weihe, P., Burse, V.W., Needham, L.L., Storr-Hansen, E., Heinzow, B., et al. (2001). Neurobehavioral deficits associated with PCB in 7-year-old children prenatally exposed to seafood neurotoxicants. Neurotoxicology Teratology, 23(4), 305-317.
10. Hochberg, Y., & Tamhane, A.C. (1987). Multiple comparison procedures. New York: Wiley.
11. Hsu, J. (1996). Multiple comparisons: Theory and methods. New York: Chapman-Hall.
12. Humphrey, H.E., Gardiner, J.C., Pandya, J.R., Sweeney, A.M., Gasior, D.M., McCaffrey, R.J., et al. (2000). PCB congener profile in the serum of humans consuming Great Lakes fish. Environmental Health Perspectives, 108(2), 167-172.
13. Jacobson, J.L., Humphrey, H.E., Jacobson, S.W., Schantz, S.L., Mullin, M.D., & Welch, R. (1989). Determinants of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) levels in the sera of young children. American Journal of Public Health, 79(10), 1401-1404.
14. Jacobson, J.L., & Jacobson, S.W. (1996). Intellectual impairment in children exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls in utero. New England Journal of Medicine, 335(11), 783-789.
15. Jacobson, J.L., Jacobson, S.W., & Humphrey, H.E. (1990). Effects of exposure to PCBs and related compounds on growth and activity in children. Neurotoxicology Teratology, 12(4), 319-326.
16. Jacobson, J.L., Jacobson, S.W., Padgett, R., Brumitt, G., & Billings, R. (1992). Effects of prenatal PCB exposure on cognitive processing efficiency and sustained attention. Developmental Psychology, 28, 297-306.
17. Jacobson, S.W., Fein, G.G., Jacobson, J.L., Schwartz, P.M., & Dowler, J.K. (1985). The effect of intrauterine PCB exposure on visual recognition memory. Child Development, 56(4), 853-860.
18. Kaufman, A.S. (2002). PBC-induced impairments in older adults: Critique of Schantz et al's methodology and conclusions. Environmental Health Perspectives, 110(2), A70-72.
19. Koopman-Esseboom, C., Weisglas-Kuperus, N., de Ridder, M.A., Van der Paauw, C.G., Tuinstra, L.G., & Sauer, P.J. (1996). Effects of polychlorinated biphenyl/dioxin exposure and feeding type on infants' mental and psychomotor development. Pediatrics, 97(5), 700-706.
20. Longnecker, M.P., Wolff, M.S., Gladen, B.C., Brock, J.W., Grandjean, P., Jacobson, J.L., et al. (2003). Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl levels across studies of human neurodevelopment. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(1), 65-70.
21. Lonky, E., Reihman, J., Darvill, T., Mather, J., & Daly, H. (1996). Neonatal behavioral assessment scale performance in humans influenced by maternal consumption of environmentally contaminated Lake Ontario fish. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 22(2), 198-212.
22. Patandin, S., Lanting, C.I., Mulder, P.G., Boersma, E.R., Sauer, P.J., & Weisglas-Kuperus, N. (1999). Effects of environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins on cognitive abilities in Dutch children at 42 months of age. Journal of Pediatrics, 134(1), 33-41.
23. Perneger, T.V. (1998). What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments. British Medical Journal, 316(7139), 1236-1238.
24. Poole, C. (1991). Multiple comparisons? No probleml Epidemiology, 2(4), 241-243.
25. Rogan, W.J., & Gladen, B.C. (1991). PCBs, DDE, and child development at 18 and 24 months. Annals of Epidemiology, 1(5), 407-413.
26. Rose, G., & Day, S. (1990). The population mean predicts the number of deviant individuals. British Medical Journal 301(6759), 1031-1034.
27. Rothman, K.J. (1990). No adjustments are needed for multiple comparisons. Epidemiology, 1(1), 43-46.
28. Sawyer, L.D. (1978). Quantitation of polychlorinated biphenyl residues by electron capture gas-liquid chromatography: Collaborative study. Journal - Association Official Analytical Chemists, 61(2), 282-291.
29. Schantz, S.L. (1996a). Developmental neurotoxicity of PCBs in humans: What do we know and where do we go from here? Neurotoxicology Teratology, 18(3), 217-227.
30. Schantz, S.L. (1996b). Response to commentaries. Neurotoxicology Teratology, 18(3), 271-276.
31. Schantz, S.L., Gardiner, J.C., Gasior, D.M., Sweeney, A.M., Humphrey, H.E., & McCaffrey, R.J. (1999). Motor function in aging Great Lakes fisheaters. Environmental Research, 80(2, Pt. 2), S46-S56.
32. Schantz, S.L., Gasior, D.M., Polverejan, E., Humphrey, H.E.B., Gardiner, J.C., McCaffrey, R.J., & Sweeney, A.M. (2002). PCB-induced impairments in older adults: Schantz et al.'s response. Environmental Health Perspectives, 110(2), 71-72.
33. Schantz, S.L., Gasior, D.M., Polverejan, E., McCaffrey, R.J., Sweeney, A.M., Humphrey, H.E., et al. (2001). Impairments of memory and learning in older adults exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls via consumption of Great Lakes fish. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109(6), 605-611.
34. Schantz, S.L., Widholm, J.J., & Rice, D.C. (2003). Effects of PCB exposure on neuropsychological function in children. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(3), 357-576.
35. Stewart, P., Reihman, J., Lonky, E., Darvill, T., & Pagano, J. (2000). Prenatal PCB exposure and neonatal behavioral assessment scale (NBAS) performance. Neurotoxicology Teratology, 22(1), 21-29.
36. Stewart, P.W., Reihman, J., Lonky, E.I., Darvill, T.J., & Pagano, J. (2003). Cognitive development in preschool children prenatally exposed to PCBs and MeHg. Neurotoxicology Teratology, 25(1), 11-22.
37. Stewart, P., Reihman, J., Lonky, E., Darvill, T., & Pagano, J. (2004). Prenatal PCB exposure and neurobehavioral development in infants and children: Can the Oswego study inform the current debate? Psychology in the Schools, 41, 639-653.
38. Walkowiak, J., Wiener, J.A., Fastabend, A., Heinzow, B., Kramer, U., Schmidt, E., et al. (2001). Environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and quality of the home environment: effects on psychodevelopment in early childhood. Lancet, 358(9293), 1602-1607.
39. Webb, R.G., & McCall, A.C. (1973). Quantitative PCB standards for electron capture gas chromatography. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 11(7), 366-373.