US savings and loan fraud: Implications for general and criminal culture theories of crime

Crime, Law and Social Change

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 95-106

  Spahr, Lisa L ^a   Alison, Laurence J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 4043084910     PISSN: 09254994     EISSN: 15730751     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/B:CRIS.0000015323.96447.5f     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Pontell, Henry, Kitty Calavita and Robert Tillman, Fraud in the Savings and Loan Industry in California, Florida, Texas, Washington, D.C.: White-collar crime and Government response 1983-1993 [Computer File]. ICPSR version. Irvine, CA: University of California, Department of Criminology, Law and Society [producer], 1994. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 1999. Available: www.icpsr.umich.edu/NACJD/index. html.
2. Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990).
3. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
4. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
5. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
6. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
7. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
8. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
9. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
10. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
11. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
12. Bartol, Curt, Criminal Behavior: A Psychosocial Approach (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991); Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997); Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196; Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977); Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
13. Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Hirschi, Travis and Michael Gottfredson, "Causes of White-Collar Crime," Criminology 1987 (25), 949-975; Hirschi, Travis and Michael Gottfredson, "The Significance of White-Collar Crime for a General Theory of Crime," Criminology 1989 (27), 359-371.
14. Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Hirschi, Travis and Michael Gottfredson, "Causes of White-Collar Crime," Criminology 1987 (25), 949-975; Hirschi, Travis and Michael Gottfredson, "The Significance of White-Collar Crime for a General Theory of Crime," Criminology 1989 (27), 359-371.
15. Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990); Hirschi, Travis and Michael Gottfredson, "Causes of White-Collar Crime," Criminology 1987 (25), 949-975; Hirschi, Travis and Michael Gottfredson, "The Significance of White-Collar Crime for a General Theory of Crime," Criminology 1989 (27), 359-371.
16. Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990) p. 89.
17. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Reed, Gary and Peter Yeager Cleary, "Organizational Offending and Neoclassical Criminology: Challenging the Reach of a General Theory to Crime," Criminology 1996 (34), 357-382.
18. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Reed, Gary and Peter Yeager Cleary, "Organizational Offending and Neoclassical Criminology: Challenging the Reach of a General Theory to Crime," Criminology 1996 (34), 357-382.
19. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Reed, Gary and Peter Yeager Cleary, "Organizational Offending and Neoclassical Criminology: Challenging the Reach of a General Theory to Crime," Criminology 1996 (34), 357-382; Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977).
20. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Reed, Gary and Peter Yeager Cleary, "Organizational Offending and Neoclassical Criminology: Challenging the Reach of a General Theory to Crime," Criminology 1996 (34), 357-382; Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977).
21. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Reed, Gary and Peter Yeager Cleary, "Organizational Offending and Neoclassical Criminology: Challenging the Reach of a General Theory to Crime," Criminology 1996 (34), 357-382; Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977).
22. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Reed, Gary and Peter Yeager Cleary, "Organizational Offending and Neoclassical Criminology: Challenging the Reach of a General Theory to Crime," Criminology 1996 (34), 357-382; Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977).
23. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977); Reed, Gary and Peter Yeager Cleary, "Organizational Offending and Neoclassical Criminology: Challenging the Reach of a General Theory to Crime," Criminology 1996 (34), 357-382; Robertson, Adrian, "Theft at Work," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); Sutherland, Edwin and Donald Cressey, Criminology (New York: J.B. Lippencott Company, 1977).
24. Ditton, Jason, Part-time Crime (London: MacMillan Press, 1977).
25. Calavita, Kitty, Henry Pontell and Robert Tillman, Big Money Crime (California: University of California Press, 1997).
26. Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990) p. 198.
27. Robson, Colin, Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioner-Researchers (Oxford: Blackwell, 1993). Alison, L., Snook, B. & Stein, K. (2001), Unobtrusive Measurement: Using Police Information for Forensic Research. Qualitative Research, 1, 241-254.
28. Robson, Colin, Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioner-Researchers (Oxford: Blackwell, 1993). Alison, L., Snook, B. & Stein, K. (2001), Unobtrusive Measurement: Using Police Information for Forensic Research. Qualitative Research, 1, 241-254.
29. Gottfredson, Michael and Travis Hirschi, A General Theory of Crime (California: Stanford University Press, 1990) p. 196.
30. Steffensmeier, Darrell and Emilie Allan, "Age-Inequality and Property Crime: The Effects of Age-Linked Stratification and Status-Attainment Processes on Patterns of Criminality across the Life Course," in John Hagan and Ruth Peterson (eds.), Crime and Inequality (California: Stanford Press, 1995).
31. Will, Susan, Henry Pontell and Richard Chung, "Risky Business Revisited: White-Collar Crime and the Orange County Bankruptcy," Crime and Delinquency 1998 (44), 367-387.
32. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196.
33. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196.
34. Benson, Michael and Elizabeth Moore, "Are White-Collar and Common Offenders the Same? An Empirical and Theoretical Critique of a Recently Proposed General Theory of Crime," Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1992 (29), 251-272; Dodd, Nick, "The Psychology of Fraud," in David Canter and Laurence Alison (eds.), Profiling Property Crimes (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000); Stotland, Ezra, "White-Collar Criminals," Journal of Social Issues 1977 (33), 179-196.