A giant rhinocerotoid (mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the late oligocene of north-central Anatolia (Turkey)

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

Volumn 152, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 581-592

  Antoine, Pierre Olivier ^a   Karadenizli, Levent ^b   SaraÇ, GerÇek ^c   Sen, Sevket ^d  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE TOULOUSE   (France)

^b ANKARA UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^c Natural History Museum   (Turkey)

^d MUSÉUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE   (France)

Author keywords

Indricothere; Palaeogeography; Paraceratherium; Vertebrate palaeontology

Indexed keywords

MAMMALIA; MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO; PERISSODACTYLA; RHINOCEROTIDAE; RODENTIA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 40249091583     PISSN: 00244082     EISSN: 10963642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00366.x     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Abel O. 1910. Kritische Untersuchungen über die paläogenen Rhinocerotiden Europas. Abhandlungen der Geologische Reichsanstall, Wien 20 : 1 52.
2. Antoine PO. 2002. Phylogénie et évolution des Elasmotheriina (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae). Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 188 : 1 359.
3. Antoine PO, Bulot C, Ginsburg L. 2000. Une faune rare de rhinocérotidés (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) dans le Miocène inférieur de Pellecahus (Gers, France). Geobios 33 : 249 255.
4. Antoine PO, Ducrocq S, Marivaux L, Chaimanee Y, Crochet JY, Jaeger JJ, Welcomme JL. 2003. Early rhinocerotids (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from South Asia and a review of the Holarctic Paleogene rhinocerotid record. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40 : 365 374.
5. Antoine PO, Shah SMI, Cheema IU, Crochet JY, de Franceschi D, Marivaux L, Métais G, Welcomme JL. 2004. New remains of the baluchithere Paraceratherium bugtiense (Pilgrim, 1910) from the Late/latest Oligocene of the Bugti Hills, Balochistan, Pakistan. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 24 : 71 77.
6. de Bonis L. 1973. Contribution à l'étude des mammifères de l'Aquitanien de l'Agenais. Rongeurs-Carnivores- Périssodactyles. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 28 : 1 192.
7. de Bonis L, Brunet M, Kordikova EG, Mavrin AV. 1997. Oligocene-Miocene sequence stratigraphy and vertebrate paleontology of western and southern Betpakdala Steppe, South Kazakhstan. In : Aguilar JP, Legendre S, Michaux J, eds. Actes du Congrès BiochroM'97. Mémoires et Travaux de l'Ecole pratique des Hautes Etudes, Institut de Montpellier 21 : 225 240.
8. Borissiak AA. 1915. Ob indrikoterii (Indricotherium n.g.). Geologiskie Vestnik 1 : 131 134.
9. Borissiak AA. 1923. Sur un nouveau représentant des rhinocéros gigantesques de l'Oligocène d'Asie. Indricotherium asiaticum, n.g. n.sp. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France 59 : 1 16.
10. Borissiak AA. 1938. K filogenii Dicerorhinae. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 19 : 767 770.
11. Borissiak AA. 1939. O novom predtavitele cem. Indricotheriidae. In : V.A. Obruchevu k 50letiyu nauchoj i pedagogicheskoj deyatelnosti. Isdatelskovo Akademia Nauk SSSR, Moscow 2 : 271 276.
12. de Bruijn H. 1999. Superfamily Ctenodactyloidea. In : Rössner GE, Heissig K, eds. The Miocene land mammals of Europe. Munich : Pfeil Verlag, 263 266.
13. Chiu C. 1973. A new genus rhinoceros [sic] from Oligocene of Dzungaria, Sinking. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 11 : 182 191.
14. Chow M, Chiu C. 1963. A new genus of giant rhinoceros from Oligocene of Inner Mongolia. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 7 : 230 239.
15. Chow M, Chiu C. 1964. An Eocene giant rhinoceros. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 8 : 264 267.
16. Codrea V. 2000. Rinoceri si Tapiri Tertiari din România. Cluj : Presa Universitara Clujeana.
17. Cope ED. 1879. On the extinct Species of Rhinoceridae of North America and their allies. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographic Survey 5 : 1 227.
18. ème édition. Paris, 10 vol.
19. Dashzeveg D. 1990. The earliest rodents (Rodentia, Ctenodactylidae) of Central Asia. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensis, Krakow 33 : 11 35.
20. Dawson MR. 2003. Paleogene rodents of Eurasia. In : Reumer JWF, Wessels W, eds. Distribution and migration of Tertiary mammals in Eurasia. Rotterdam : DEINSEA Special Issue, 97 126.
21. Forster-Cooper C. 1911. Paraceratherium bugtiense, a new genus of Rhinocerotidae from the Bugti Hills of Baluchistan. Preliminary notice. Annual Magazine of Natural History 8 : 711 716.
22. Forster-Cooper C. 1913a. Thaumastotherium osborni, a new genus of perissodactyles from the Upper Oligocene deposits of the Bugti Hills of Baluchistan. Preliminary notice. Annual Magazine of Natural History 12 : 376 381.
23. Forster-Cooper C. 1913b. Correction of generic name [Thaumastotherium to Baluchitherium]. Annual Magazine of Natural History 12 : 504.
24. Forster-Cooper C. 1915. New genera and species of mammals from the Miocene deposits of Baluchistan. Preliminary notice. Annual Magazine of Natural History 16 : 404 410.
25. Forster-Cooper C. 1924. On the skull and dentition of Paraceratherium bugtiense: a genus of aberrant rhinoceros from the lower Miocene deposits of Dera Bugti. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 212 : 369 394.
26. Forster-Cooper C. 1934. The extinct Rhinoceroses of Baluchistan. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 223 : 569 616.
27. Fortelius M, Kappelman J. 1993. The largest land mammal ever imagined. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108 : 85 101.
28. Gabunia L. 1955. O svoebraznom pred stavitele Indricotheriidae iz Oligotsena Gruzii. Doklady Akademie Nauk Armeniya SSSR 21 : 177 181.
29. Gabunia L. 1964. Benarskaya Fauna Oligotsenovykh pozvonochnykh. Tbilisi : Metsniereba Press. [in Russian, with Georgian and French abstracts]
30. Gabunia L. 1966. Sur les Mammifères oligocènes du Caucase. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France 7 : 857 869.
31. Gabunia L, Iliescu O. 1960. O pervoij nakhodke ostatkov gigantiskikh nosorogoviz sem. Indricotheriidae v Rumynii. Doklady Akademia Nauk SSSR 130 : 25 427.
32. Gentry AW, Rössner GE, Heizmann EPJ. 1999. Suborder Ruminantia. In : Rössner GE, Heissig K, eds. The Miocene land mammals of Europe. Munich : Pfeil Verlag, 225 258.
33. Granger W, Gregory WK. 1936. Further notes on the gigantic extinct rhinoceros, Baluchitherium, from the Oligocene of Mongolia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 72 : 1 73.
34. Gray JE. 1821. On the natural arrangements of vertebrose animals. London Medical Repository 15 : 296 310.
35. Gromova V. 1959. Gigantskie nosorogi. Trudy Paleontology Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR 71 : 1 164.
36. Guérin C. 1980. Les Rhinocéros (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) du Miocène terminal au Pléistocène supérieur en Europe occidentale. Comparaison avec les espèces actuelles. Documents du Laboratoire de Géologie de l'Université de Lyon, Sciences de la Terre 79 : 1 1184.
37. Hartenberger JL. 1994. The evolution of the Gliroidea. In: Tomida Y, Li CK, Setoguchi T, eds. Rodent and Lagomorphs of Asian origin and diversification. National Science Museum Monographs, Tokyo 8 : 19 33.
38. Janis CM. 1987. Grades and clades in hornless rumniant evolution: the reality of the Gelocidae and the systematic position of Lophiomeryx and Bachitherium. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7 : 200 216.
39. Karadenizli L, Saraç G, Sen S, Antoine PO, Seyitoglu G, Varol B, Hakyemez Y. 2003. Türkiye'de Bir Iik: Bütün Zamanlarin En Büyük Karasal Memeli Hayvani Baluchitherium (Paraceratherium) Çankiri-Çorum Havzasinda Bulundu [A first in Turkey: Baluchitherium (Paraceratherium), the ever largest land mammal of all times, has been found in Çankiri-Çorum Basin], 56th Turkish Geological Congress, Ankara, 14-20th April 2003, MTA, 292 294.
40. Lucas SG, Bayshashov BU. 1996. The giant rhinoceros Paraceratherium from the late Oligocene at Aktau Mountain, southeastern Kazakhstan, and its biochronological significance. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Mitteilhungen, Stuttgart 9 : 539 548.
41. Lucas SG, Emry RJ. 1996. Early record of indricothere (Mammalia: Perissodactyla: Hyracodontidae) from the Aral Sea region of western Kazakhstan. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109 : 391 396.
42. Lucas SG, Kordikova EG, Emry RJ. 1998. Oligocene stratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy, and mammalian biochronology north of the Aral Sea, Western Kazakstan. In: Beard KC, Dawson MR, eds. Dawn of the age of mammals in Asia. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 34 : 313 348.
43. Lucas SG, Sobus JC. 1989. The systematics of indricotheres. In : Prothero DR, Schoch RM, eds. The evolution of Perissodactyls. New York : Oxford University Press, 358 378.
44. McKenna MC, Bell SK. 1997. Classification of mammals. Above the species level. New York : Columbia University Press.
45. Marivaux L. 1999. Application de méthodes de biochronologie quantitative aux faunes de mammifères du Paléogène continental d'Europe occidentale. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 170 : 335 347.
46. Meng J, McKenna MC. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Palaeogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394 : 364 368.
47. Métais G, Antoine PO, Marivaux L, Ducrocq S, Welcomme JL. 2003. Unusual artiodactyl ruminant from the Oligocene of the Bugti Hills (Balochistan, Pakistan). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, Warsaw 48 : 375 382.
48. Métais G, Chaimanee Y, Jaeger JJ, Ducrocq S. 2001. New remains of primitive ruminants from Thailand: evidence of the early evolution of the Ruminantia in Asia. Zoologica Scripta 30 : 231 248.
49. Nanda AC, Sahni A. 1990. Oligocene vertebrates from the Ladakh Molasse Group, Ladakh, Himalaya: Palaeobiogeographic implications. Journal of Himalayan Geology 1 : 1 10.
50. Nikolov I, Heissig K. 1985. Fossile Säugetiere aus dem Obereozän und Unteroligozän Bulgariens und ihre Bedeutung für die Palaogeographie. Mitteilungen des Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und historische Geologie 25 : 61 79.
51. Osborn HF. 1923. Baluchitherium grangeri, a giant hornless rhinoceros from Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 78 : 1 15.
52. Owen R. 1848. On the archetype and homologies of the vertebrate skeleton. London : van Hoorst.
53. Pavlova M. 1922. Indricotherium transouralicum n. sp. provenant du district de Tourgay. Byulleten' Moskovskogo obshchestva ispytaley prirody, otdel geologiskie, new series 31 : 95 116.
54. Petronijevic Z, Thenius E. 1957. Uber den ersten Nachweis von Indricotherien (Baluchitherien; Rhinocerotidae, Mammalia) im Tertiär von Europa. Anzeiger der Mathematische und Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften 9 : 153 155.
55. Pilgrim GE. 1910. Notices of new mammalian genera and species from the Tertiaries of India. Records of the Geological Survey of India 40 : 63 71.
56. Prothero DR, Guérin C, Manning E. 1989. The History of the Rhinocerotoidea. In : Prothero DR, Schoch RM, eds. The evolution of Perissodactyls. New York : Oxford University Press, 322 340.
57. Roman F. 1912. Les rhinocéridés de l'Oligocène d'Europe. Archives du Musée des Sciences Naturelles de Lyon 11 : 1 92.
58. Rössner GE. 1997. Biochronology of ruminant assemblages in the Lower Miocene of Southern Germany. In: Aguilar JP, Legendre S, Michaux J, eds. Actes du Congrès BiochroM'1997. Mémoires et Travaux de l'École Pratique des Hautes Études, Institut de Montpellier 21 : 609 618.
59. Russell DE, Hartenberger JL, Pomerol C, Sen S, Schmidt-Kittler N, Vianey-Liaud M. 1982. Mammals and stratigraphy: the Paleogene of Europe. Palaeovertebrata Mémoire Extraordinaire 1 77.
60. Russell DE, Zhai R. 1987. The Palaeogene of Asia: mammals and stratigraphy. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Série C, Paris 52 : 1 488.
61. Saraç G. 2003. Discovery of Protaceratherium albigense (Rhinocerotidae, Mammalia) in Oligocene coastal deposits of Turkish Thrace. In : Reumer JWF, Wessels W, eds. Distribution and migration of Tertiary mammals in Eurasia. Rotterdam : DEINSEA Special Issue, 509 518.
62. Spassov N. 1989. On the taxonomic status of Indricotherium Borissiak and giant rhinocerotoids-indricotheres (Perissodactyla). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie bulgare des Sciences 42 : 61 64.
63. Sudre J. 1984. Cryptomeryx Schlosser, 1886, tragulidé de l'Oligocène d'Europe; relations du genre et considérations sur l'origine des ruminants. Palaeovertebrata 14 : 1 31.
64. Sudre J, Blondel C. 1996. Sur la présence de petits gélocidés (Artiodactyla) dans l'Oligocène inférieur du Quercy (France); considérations sur les genres Pseudogelocus Schlosser 1902 et Iberomeryx Gabunia 1964. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatschefte 3 : 169 182.
65. Teilhard de Chardin P. 1926. Description des Mammifères tertiaires de Chine et de Mongolie. Annales de Paléontologie 15 : 1 52.
66. Uhlig U. 1999. Die Rhinocerotoidea (Mammalia) aus der unteroligozänen Spaltenfüllung Möhren 13 bei Treuchtlingen in Bayern. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschafen, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Neue Folge, Munich 170 : 1 254.
67. Ünay E, de Bruijn H, Saraç G. 2003. The Oligocene rodent record of Anatolia: a review. In : Reumer JWF, Wessels W, eds. Distribution and migration of Tertiary mammals in Eurasia. Rotterdam : DEINSEA Special Issue, 531 538.
68. Vislobokova I, Daxner-Höck G. 2002. Oligocene-Early Miocene ruminants from the Valley of Lakes (Central Mongolia). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums, Wien 103A : 213 235.
69. Wang B. 1997. The mid-Tertiary Ctenodactylidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from eastern and central Asia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 234 : 1 88.
70. Welcomme JL, Benammi M, Crochet JY, Marivaux L, Métais G, Antoine PO, Baloch I. 2001. Himalayan Forelands: palaeontological evidence for Oligocene detritic deposits in the Bugti Hills (Baluchistan, Pakistan). Geological Magazine 138 : 397 405.
71. Welcomme JL, Marivaux L, Antoine PO, Benammi M. 1999. Mammifères fossiles des Collines Bugti (Balouchistan, Pakistan). Nouvelles données. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 135 : 135 139.
72. Wood HE II. 1938 (1939). Cooperia totadentata, a remarkable rhinoceros from the Eocene of Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 1012 : 1 20 (with addendum dated 23 February 1939).
73. Xu Y, Wang J. 1978. New materials of giant rhinoceros. Memoirs of the Institute for Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology 13 : 132 140.