Uncertainty in malaria control in Tanzania: Crossroads and challenges for future interventions

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 77, Issue SUPPL. 6, 2007, Pages 112-118

  Mboera, Leonard E G ^a   Makundi, Emmanuel A ^a   Kitua, Andrew Y ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH   (Tanzania)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; CHILDHOOD MORTALITY; ECONOMICS; ENDEMIC DISEASE; HUMAN; INFANT; MALARIA; METHODOLOGY; MOSQUITO; PARASITOLOGY; PLASMODIUM; PRESCHOOL CHILD; REVIEW; TANZANIA;

ANIMALS; CHILD MORTALITY; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ENDEMIC DISEASES; HUMANS; INFANT; MALARIA; MOSQUITO CONTROL; PLASMODIUM; TANZANIA;

EID: 40049108216     PISSN: 00029637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2007.77.112     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Ministry of Health, 2006. Annual Health Statistical Abstract. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania.
2. Kitua AY, 2003. Malaria control in the context of integrated management of childhood illness in Tanzania: the challenges ahead. Tanzania Hlth Res Bull 5: 1-4.
3. Jowett M, Miller NJ, 2005. The financial burden of malaria in Tanzania: implications for future government policy. Int J Hlth Plan Manag 20: 67-84.
4. NIMR, 2006. Tanzania Health Research Priorities 2006-2010. National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
5. Ukoli FMA, 1990. Introduction to Parasitology in Tropical Africa. Textflow Ltd., Ibadan.
6. Shepard DS, Ettling MB, Brinkmann U, Sauerborn R, 1991. The economic cost of malaria in Africa. Trop Med Parasitol 42: 199-203.
7. Schönfeld M, Miranda IB, Schunk M, Maduhu I, Maboko L, Hoelscher M, Berens-Riha N, Kitua A, Löscher T, 2007. Molecular surveillance of drug-resistance associated mutations of Plasmodium falciparum in south-west Tanzania. Malar J 6: 2.
8. Ministry of Health, National Medium Term Malaria Strategic Plan (2002-2007). Ministry of Health, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, 2002.
9. Mboera LEG, Molteni F, Nyange A, Thomas EG, 2005a. Using retrospective epidemiological data to determine malaria epidemic prone areas and development of an epidemic early warning system in Mpwapwa District, central Tanzania. Tanzania Hlth Res Bull 7: 73-78.
10. Mugitu K, Ndejembi M, Malisa A, Lemnge M, Premji Z, Mwita A, Nkya W, Kataraihya J, Abdula S, Beck HP, Mshinda H, 2004. Therapeutic efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and prevalence of resistance markers in Tanzania prior to revision of malaria treatment policy: Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase mutations in monitoring in vivo resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 696-702.
11. Magesa SM, Lengeler C, de Savigny D, Miller JE, Njau RJ, Kramer K, Kitua A, Mwita A, 2005. Creating an "enabling environment" for taking insecticide treated nets to national scale: the Tanzanian experience. Malar J 4: 34.
12. TNVS, 2006 Private sector involvement in public health delivery. A country case study: Tanzania National Voucher Scheme. Available at: http://www.njema.com, Accessed May 9, 2006.
13. Alaii JA, Hawley WA, Kolczak MS, Ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Oloo AJ, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Factors affecting use of permethrin-treated bed nets during a randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 137-141.
14. WHO, 2006. Indoor Residual Spraying: Use of Indoor Residual Spraying for Scaling-up Global Malaria Control and Elimination. Global Malaria Programme. WHO Position Statement. WHO/HTM/MAL.2006.1112.
15. Rumisha SF, Mboera LEG, Senkoro KP, Gueye D, Mmbuji PK, 2007. Monitoring and evaluation of integrated disease surveillance and response in selected districts in Tanzania. Tanzania Hlth Res Bull 9: 1-11.
16. Alilio MS, Kitua A, Njunwa K, Medina M, Ronn AM, Mhina J, Msuya F, Mahundi J, Depinay JM, Whyte S, Krasnik A, Bygbjerg IC, 2004. Malaria control at the district level in Africa: the case of the Muheza District in northeastern Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 (Suppl 2): 205-213.
17. Massaga JJ, Kamugisha ML, Salum FM, 1999. Malaria presumptive treatment in Tanzania: is it a rational approach for malaria management in rural health units in an area with low transmission? African J Health Sci 6: 22-26.
18. Kamugisha ML, 2005. The effect of endemicity on the sensitivity and specificity of malaria case definition and attributable fraction in north-east Tanzania. Tanzania Hlth Res Bull 7: 1-6.
19. Wang S, Lengeler C, Mtasiwa D, Mshana T, Manane L, Maro G, Tanner M, 2006. Rapid urban malaria appraisal (RUMA) II: epidemiology of urban malaria in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Malar J 5: 28.
20. Makani J, Matuja W, Liyombo E, Snow RW, Marsh K, Warrell DA, 2003. Admission diagnosis of cerebral malaria in adults in an endemic area of Tanzania: implications and clinical description. QJM 96: 355-362.
21. Reyburn H, Mbatia R, Drakely C, Carneiro I, Mwakasungula E, Mwerinde O, Saganda K, Shao J, Kitua A, Olomi R, Greenwood BM, Whitty CJ, 2004. Overdiagnosis of malaria in patients with severe febrile illness in Tanzania: a prospective study. BMJ 329: 1212.
22. Mboera LEG, Fannelo CI, Malima RC, Talbert A, Fogliati P, Bobbio F, Molteni F, 2006. Comparison of Paracheck-Pf test with microscopy, for confirmation of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Tanzania. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 100: 115-122.
23. Mutabingwa T, Nzila A, Mberu E, Nduati E, Winstanley P, Hills E, Watkins W, 2001. Chlorproguanil-dapsone for treatment of drug-resistant falciparum malaria in Tanzania. Lancet 358: 1218-1223.
24. Trigg JK, Mbwana H, Chambo O, Hills E, Watkins WM, Curtis CF, 1997. Resistance to pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine in Plasmodium falciparum in 12 villages in North East Tanzania and a test of chlorproguanil/dapsone. Acta Trop 63: 185-189.
25. Lemnge MM, Msangeni HA, Rønn AM, Salum FM, Jakobsen PH, Mhina JI, Akida JA, Bygbjerg IC, 1997. Maloprim malaria prophylaxis in children living in a holoendemic village in northeastern Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91: 68-73.
26. Mnzava AEP, Kilama WL, 1986. Observations on the distribution of species of the Anopheles gambiae in Tanzania. Acta Trop 43: 277-288.
27. Wilson DB, 1960 Report on the Pare-Taveta Malaria Scheme, 1954-1959. East African Institute of Malaria and Vector-borne Diseases in Collaboration with Colonial Pesticide Research Unit. Government Printer, Dar es Salaam. 90 pp.
28. Brooke BD, Kloke G, Hunt RH, Koekemoer LL, Temu EA, Taylor ME, Small G, Hemingway J, Coetzee M, 2001. Bioassay and biochemical analyses of insecticide resistance in southern African Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae). Bull Entomol Res 91: 265-272.
29. Vulule JM, Beach RF, Atieli FK, McAllister JC, Brogdon WG, Roberts JM, Mwangi RW, Hawley WA, 1999. Elevated oxidase and esterase levels associated with permethrin tolerance in Anopheles gambiae from Kenyan villages using permethrin-impregnated nets. Med Vet Entomol 13: 239-244.
30. Chandre FF, Darrier F, Manga L, Akogbeto M, Faye O, Mouchet J, Guillet P, 1999. Status of pyrthroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae. Bull WHO 77: 230-234.
31. Hargreaves K, Hunt RH, Brooke BD, Mthembu J, Weeto MM, Awolola TS, Coetzee M, 2000. Anopheles funestus resistant to pyrethroid insecticides in South Africa. Med Vet Entomol 14: 181-189.
32. Armstrong Schellengberg J, Minja H, Mponda H, Kikumbih N, Mushi A, Nathan R, Abdulla S, Mukasa O, Marchant TJ, Tanner M, Lengeler C, 2002. Re-treatment of mosquito nets with insecticide. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96: 368-369.
33. Maxwell CA, Myamba J, Magoma J, Rwegoshora RT, Magesa SM, Curtis CF, 2006. Tests of Olyset nets by bioassay and in experimental huts. J Vect Borne Dis 43: 1-6.
34. Yamagata Y, 1996. Review of Tanzania-Japan Urban Malaria Control Project (UMCP) in Dar es Salaam and Tanga (1988-1996). Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Japan International Cooperation Agency. 46 pp.
35. De Castro MC, Yamagata Y, Mtasiwa D, Tanner M, Utzinger J, Keiser J, Singer BH, 2004. Integrated urban malaria control: a case study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 103-117.
36. Chavasse DC, Lines JD, Ichimori K, Majala AR, Minjas JN, Marijani J, 1995. Mosquito control in Dar es Salaam. II. Impact of expanded polystyrene beads and pyriproxyfen treatment of breeding sites on Culex quinquefasciatus densities. Med Vet Entomol 9: 147-154.
37. Killeen GF, Fillinger U, Kiche I, Gouagna LC, Knols BGJ, 2002. Eradication of Anopheles gambiae from Brazil: lessons for malaria control in Africa? Lancet Inf Dis 2: 618-627.
38. Utzinger J, Tozan Y, Singer BH, 2001. Efficacy and cost effectiveness of environmental management for malaria control. Trop Med Int Hlth 6: 677-687.
39. Killeen GF, Seyoum A, Knols BGJ, 2004. Rationalizing historical successes of malaria control in Africa in terms of mosquito resource availability management. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 (Suppl 2): 87-93.
40. Utzinger J, Tanner M, Kammen DM, Killeen GF, Singer BH, 2002. Integrated programme is key to malaria control. Nature 419: 431.
41. Robert V, MacIntyre K, Keating J, Trape JF, Duchemin JB, Warren M, Beier JC, 2003. Malaria transmission in urban sub-Saharan Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 169-176.
42. Keiser J, Utzinger J, Castro MC, Smith TA, Tanner M, Singer BH, 2004. Urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa and implication for malaria control. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71 (Suppl 2): 118-127.
43. Fillinger U, Sonye G, Killeen GF, Knols BGJ, Becker N, 2004. The practical importance of permanent and semi-permanent habitats for controlling aquatic stages of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes: operational observations from a rural town in Western Kenya. Trop Med Int Hlth 9: 1274-1289.
44. Sattler MA, Mtasiwa D, Kiama M, Premji Z, Tanner M, Killeen GF, Lengeler C, 2005. Habitat characterization and spatial distribution of Anopheles sp. mosquito larvae in Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) during an extended dry period. Malar J 4: 4.
45. Mukabana WR, Kannady H, Ijumba J, Mathenge E, Kiche I, Nkwengulila G, Mboera L, Mtasiwa D, Yamagata Y, van Schayk I, Knols BGJ, Lindsay SW, de Castro MC, Mshinda H, Fillinger U, Killeen GF, 2006. Ecologists can enable communities to implement malaria vector control in Africa. Malar J 5: 9.
46. Nsubuga P, Eseko N, Wuhib T, Ndayimirije N, Chungong S, McNabb S, 2002. Structure and performance of infectious disease surveillance and response, United Republic of Tanzania, 1998. Bull World Hlth Org 80: 196-203.
47. Mghamba JM, Mboera LEG, Krekamoo W, Senkoro KP, Rumisha SF, Shayo EH, Mmbuji P, 2004. Challenges of implementing Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response strategy using the current Health Management Information System in Tanzania. Tanzania Hlth Res Bull 6: 57-63.
48. Ijumba JI, Lindsay SN, 2001. Impact of irrigation on malaria in Africa: paddies paradox. Med Vet Entomol 15: 1-11.
49. de Bartolome CA, Vosti SA, 1995. Choosing between public and private health care: a case study of malaria treatment in Brazil. J Health Econ 14: 191-205.
50. Mlozi MRS, Shayo EH, Senkoro KP, Mayala BK, Rumisha SF, Mutayoba B, Senkondo E, Maerere A, Mboera LEG, 2006. Participatory involvement of farming communities and public sectors in determining malaria control strategies in Mvomero District, Tanzania. Tanzania Hlth Res Bull 8: 134.
51. Mwenesi H, Harpham T, Snow RW, 1995. Child malaria treatment practices among mothers in Kenya. Soc Sci Med 40: 1271-1277.
52. Munguti KJ, 1998. Community perceptions and treatment-seeking for malaria in Baringo District, Kenya: implications for disease control. E Afr Med J 75: 687-691.
53. Tarimo DS, Lwihula GK, Minjas JN, Bygbjerg IC, 2000. Mothers' perception and knowledge on childhood malaria in the holoendemic Kibaha district, Tanzania: implications for malaria control and the IMCI strategy. Trop Med Int Hlth 5: 179-184.
54. Mnyika KS, Killewo JZJ, Kabalimu DK, 1995. Self-medication with antimalarial drugs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Trop Geog Med 47: 32-34.
55. Mboera LEG, Rumisha SF, Senkoro KP, Mayala BK, Shayo EH, Kisinza WN, 2007. Knowledge and health information communication in Tanzania. E Afr J Pub Hlth 4: 33-39.
56. Rumisha SF, Senkoro KP, Ngadaya E, Shayo EH, Mayala BK, Mtandu R, Mboera LEG, 2006. Community knowledge and information communication gaps on HIV/AIDS in Iringa Municipality, Tanzania. Tanzania Hlth Res Bull 8: 101-108.
57. de Savigny D, Mayombana C, Mwageni E, Masanja H, Minhaj A, Mkilindi Y, Mbuya C, Kasale H, Reid G, 2004. Care-seeking patterns for fatal malaria in Tanzania. Malar J 3: 27.
58. Mathanga DP, Camplbell CH, Taylor TE, Barlow R, Wilson ML, 2005. Reduction of childhood malaria by social marketing of insecticide treated nets: a case control study of effectiveness. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73: 622-625.
59. Oyediran AB, Ddumba EM, Ochola SA, Lucas AO, Koporc K, Dowdle WR, 2002. A public-private partnership for malaria control: lessons from the Malarone Donation Programme. Bull World Hlth Organ 80: 817-821.
60. Boller C, Wyss K, Mtasiwa D, Tanner M, 2003. Quality and comparison of antenatal care in public and private providers in the United Republic of Tanzania. Bull World Hlth Org 81: 116-122.