White matter brain lesions in midlife familial hypercholesterolemic patients at 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging

Acta Radiologica

Volumn 49, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 184-189

  Schmitz, S A ^a,c   O'Regan, D P ^b   Fitzpatrick, J ^b   Neuwirth, C ^b   Potter, E ^b   Tosi, I ^b   Hajnal, J V ^b   Naoumova, R P ^b  

^a MRC CLINICAL SCIENCES CENTRE   (United Kingdom)

^b HAMMERSMITH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Brain brain stem; CNS; Dementia; MR imaging

Indexed keywords

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MEDICAL IMAGING; PATIENT MONITORING; STATISTICAL METHODS;

BRAIN STEM; DEMENTIA; STUDENT'S T TEST;

BRAIN;

CHOLESTEROL; CONTRAST MEDIUM; DIAGNOSTIC AGENT; GADOLINIUM PENTETATE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR;

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; BLOOD; BODY MASS; BRAIN; BRAIN DISEASE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE 2; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; INSTRUMENTATION; MAGNETISM; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OBSERVER VARIATION; PATHOLOGY; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; BODY MASS INDEX; BRAIN; BRAIN DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL; CONTRAST MEDIA; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; GADOLINIUM DTPA; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE II; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MAGNETICS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBSERVER VARIATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 40049085647     PISSN: 02841851     EISSN: 16000455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02841850701736263     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Mortality in treated heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: implications for clinical management, Scientific Steering Committee on behalf of the Simon Broome Register Group. Atherosclerosis 1999;142: 105-12.
2. Mabuchi H, Koizumi J, Shimizu M, Kajinami K, Miyamoto S, Ueda K, et al. Long-term efficacy of low-density lipoprotein apheresis on coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolemia. Hokuriku-FH-LDL-Apheresis Study Group. Am J Cardiol 1998;82: 1489-95.
3. Huxley RR, Hawkins MH, Humphries SE, Karpe F, Neil HA. Risk of fatal stroke in patients with treated familial hypercholesterolemia: a prospective registry study. Stroke 2003;34:22-5.
4. Murray AD, Staff RT, Shenkin SD, Deary IJ, Starr JM, Whalley LJ. Brain white matter hyperintensities: relative importance of vascular risk factors in nondemented elderly people. Radiology 2005;237:251-7.
5. Amarenco P, Labreuche J, Elbaz A, Touboul PJ, Driss F, Jaillard A, et al. Blood lipids in brain infarction subtypes. Cerebrovasc Dis 2006;22:101-8.
6. Vermeer SE, Hollander M, van Dijk EJ, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Breteler MM. Silent brain infarcts and white matter lesions increase stroke risk in the general population: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke 2003:34: 1126-9.
7. Fazekas F, Chawluk JB, Alavi A, Hurtig HI, Zimmerman RA. MR signal abnormalities at 1.5 T in Alzheimer's dementia and normal aging. Am J Roentgenol 1987;149:351-6.
8. Soljanlahti S, Autti T, Lauerma K, Raininko R, Keto P, Turtola H, et al. Familial hypercholesterolemia patients treated with statins at no increased risk for intracranial vascular lesions despite increased cholesterol burden and extracranial atherosclerosis. Stroke 2005;36:1572-4.
9. de Leeuw FE, de Groot JC, Achten E, Oudkerk M, Ramos LM, Heijboer R, et al. Prevalence of cerebral white matter lesions in elderly people: a population based magnetic resonance imaging study. The Rotterdam Scan Study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:9-14.
10. Neil HA, Hammond T, Huxley R, Matthews DR, Humphries SE. Extent of underdiagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia in routine practice: prospective registry study. BMJ 2000;321:148.
11. Tosi I, Toledo-Leiva P, Neuwirth C, Naoumova RP, Soutar AK. Genetic defects causing familial hypercholesterolaemia: identification of deletions and duplications in the LDL-receptor gene and summary of all mutations found in patients attending the Hammersmith Hospital Lipid Clinic. Atherosclerosis 2007;194:102-11.
12. Kivipelto M, Helkala EL, Laakso MP, Hanninen T, Hallikainen M, Alhainen K, et al. Midlife vascular risk factors and Alzheimer's disease in later life: longitudinal, population based study. BMJ 2001;322: 1447-51.
13. Braffman BH, Zimmerman RA, Trojanowski JQ, Gonatas NK, Hickey WF, Schlaepfer WW. Brain MR: pathologic correlation with gross and histopathology. 2. Hyperintense white-matter foci in the elderly. Am J Roentgenol 1988;151:559-66.
14. Soljanlahti S, Autti T, Lauerma K, Raininko R, Keto P, Turtola H, et al. Statin-treated familial hypercholesterolemia patients with coronary heart disease and pronounced atherosclerosis do not have more brain lesions than healthy controls in later middle age. Acta Radiol 2007;48:894-99.
15. Breteler MM, van Swieten JC, Bots ML, Grobbee DE, Claus JJ, van den Hout JH, et al. Cerebral white matter lesions, vascular risk factors, and cognitive function in a population-based study: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology 1994;44:1246-52.
16. Amarenco P, Cohen A, Tzourio C, Bertrand B, Hommel M, Besson G, et al. Atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch and the risk of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1474-9.
17. Christiansen P, Larsson HB, Thomsen C, Wieslander SB, Henriksen O. Age dependent white matter lesions and brain volume changes in healthy volunteers. Acta Radiol 1994;35:117-22.
18. Heidenreich JO, Schilling AM, Unterharnscheidt F, Stendel R, Hartlieb S, Wacker FK, et al. Assessment of 3D-TOF-MRA at 3.0 Tesla in the characterization of the angioarchitecture of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a preliminary study. Acta Radiol 2007;48: 678-86.
19. Wardlaw JM, Sandercock PA, Dennis MS, Starr J. Is breakdown of the blood-brain barrier responsible for lacunar stroke, leukoaraiosis, and dementia? Stroke 2003;34:806-12.
20. Barkhof F, Bruck W, De Groot CJ, Bergers E, Hulshof S, Geurts J, et al. Remyelinated lesions in multiple sclerosis: magnetic resonance image appearance. Arch Neurol 2003;60:1073-81.
21. Yakovlev P, Lecours A. The myelogenetic cycles of regional maturation of the brain. In: Mankowski A, editor. Regional development of the brain in early life. Boston, MA: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1967:3-70.
22. Dezortova M, Hajek M, Tintera J, Hejcmanova L, Sykova E. MR in phenylketonuria-related brain lesions. Acta Radiol 2001;42:459-66.
23. Ryu CW, Lee DH, Kim TK, Kim SJ, Kim HS, Lee JH, et al. Cerebral fat embolism: diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging findings. Acta Radiol 2005;46: 528-33.
24. Ekholm S, Simon JH. Magnetic resonance imaging and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex. Acta Radiol 1988;29:227-30.
25. van Swieten JC, van den Hout JH, van Ketel BA, Hijdra A, Wokke JH, van Gijn J. Periventricular lesions in the white matter on magnetic resonance imaging in the elderly. A morphometric correlation with arteriolosclerosis and dilated perivascular spaces. Brain 1991;114: 761-74.
26. ten Dam VH, van den Heuvel DM, van Buchem MA, Westendorp RG, Bollen EL, Ford I, et al. Effect of pravastatin on cerebral infarcts and white matter lesions. Neurology 2005;64:1807-9.
27. Neil HA, Huxley RR, Hawkins MM, Durrington PN, Betteridge DJ, Humphries SE. Comparison of the risk of fatal coronary heart disease in treated xanthomatous and non-xanthomatous heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a prospective registry study. Atherosclerosis 2003;170:73-8.