A review on homopolymer, blends, and nanocomposites of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) as a new addition to the aromatic polyesters class

Iranian Polymer Journal (English Edition)

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 19-36

  Khonakdar, Hossein Ali ^a   Jafari, Seyed Hassan ^b   Asadinezhad, Ahmad ^a  

^a IRAN POLYMER AND PETROCHEMICAL INSTITUTE   (Iran)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN   (Iran)

Author keywords

Aromatic polyester; Blend; Nanocomposites; Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Indexed keywords

HOMOPOLYMERIZATION; NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYAMIDES; POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATES; POLYMER MATRIX;

AROMATIC POLYESTERS;

POLYMER BLENDS;

EID: 39549121816     PISSN: 10261265     EISSN: 10261265     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (113)

1. Whinfield JR, Dickson JT, Improvements relating to the manufacture of highly polymeric substances, British Patent 578,079, 1941.
2. Schultz JM, Wu J, In: Handbook of Thermoplastic Polyesters, Fakirov S (Ed.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002.
3. Dangayach K, Chuah HH, Gergen W, Dalton P, Smith F, PTT: New opportunities in engineering thermoplastics, Proc ANTEC, Ontario, 1997.
4. Chuah HH, Effect of process variables on bulk development of air-textured poly(trimethylene terephthalate) bulk continuous filament, J Appl Polym Sci, 92, 1011-1017, 2004.
5. Yang Y, Brown H, Li S, Some sorption characteristics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) with disperse dyes, J Appl Polym Sci, 86, 223-229, 2002.
6. Chen K, Tang X, Chen S, Fu G, Study on the macrokinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) polycondensation reaction, J Appl Polym Sci, 92, 1765-1770, 2004.
7. Chuah HH, Lin VD, Soni U, PTT molecular weight and Mark-Houwink equation, Polymer, 42, 7137-7139, 2001.
8. Hong PD, Chung WT, Hsu CF, Crystallization kinetics and morphology of PTT, Polymer, 43, 3335-3343, 2002.
9. Huang JM, Chang FC, Crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), J Polym Sci Part 5, 83, 934-941, 2000.
10. Huang JM, Ju MY, Chu PP, Chang FC, Crystallization and melting behaviors of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), J Polym Res, 6, 259-266, 1999.
11. Chuah HH, Crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polym Eng Sci, 41, 308-313, 2004.
12. Dangseeyun N, Srimoaon, P, Supaphol P, Nithitanakul M, Isothermal melt crystallization and melting behavior for three linear aromatic polyesters, Thermochim Acta, 409, 63-77, 2004.
13. Srimoaon P, Dangseeyun N, Supapol P, Multiple melting behavior in isothermally crystallized poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Eur Polym J, 40, 599-608, 2004.
14. Singfield KL, Djogbenou NB, Investigation of the multiple melting behavior of a PTT by DSC and polarized light optical microscopy, J Therm Anal Calorim, 86, 631-639, 2006.
15. Chung WT, Yeh WJ, Hong PD, Melting behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), J Appl Polym Sci, 83, 2426-2433, 2002.
16. Supaphol P, Apiwanthanakorn N, Nonisothermal cold-crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), J Polym Sci Part B, 42, 4151-4163, 2004.
17. Supaphol P, Dangseeyun N, Srimoaon P, Nithitanakul M, Non-isothermal melt-crystallization kinetics for three linear aromatic polyesters, Thermochim Acta, 406, 207-220, 2003.
18. Apiwanthanakorn, N, Supaphol P, Nithitanakul M, Non-isothermal melt-crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polym Test, 23, 817-826, 2004.
19. Xue ML, Sheng J, Yu YL, Chuah HH, Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics and spherulite morphology of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Eur Polym J, 40, 811-818, 2004.
20. Chen K, Tang X, Shen J, Zhou Y, Zhang B, Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) synthesized with different catalysts, Macromol Mater Eng, 289, 539-547, 2004.
21. Wang XS, Yan D, Tian GH, Li XG, Effect of molecular weight on crystallization and melting of PTT, 1. Isothermal and dynamic crystallization, Polym Eng Sci, 41, 1655-1664, 2004.
22. Chen CC, Chen M, Tseng IM, The influence of molecular weight on the regime crystallization of PTT, J Macromol Sci Part B, 41, 1043-1061, 2002.
23. Chen M, Chen CC, Ke KZ, Ho RM, Regime crystallization and banded spherulite of poly (trimethylene terephthalate), J Macromol Sci Part B, 41, 1063-1078, 2002.
24. Chuang WT, Hong PD, Chuah HH, Effects of crystallization behavior on morphological change in PTT spherulites, Polymer, 45, 2413-2425, 2004.
25. Wu PL, Woo EM, Correlation between melting and ringed spherulites in PTT, J Polym Sci Part B, 41, 80-93, 2002.
26. Dandurand SP, Pérez S, Revol JF, Brisse F, The crystal structure of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) by X-ray and electron diffraction, Polymer, 20, 419-426, 1979.
27. Desborough IJ, Hall IH, Neisser JZ, The structure of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polymer, 20, 545-552, 1979.
28. Zhang J, Effective nucleating chemical agents for the crystallization of PTT, J Appl Polym Sci, 93, 590-601, 2004.
29. Xingquan H, Demin X, Decai Y, Isothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) under the influence of self-seeding nucleation, Front Chem China, 2, 222-226, 2007.
30. Zhang J, Study of PTT as an engineering thermoplastics material, J Appl Polym Sci, 91, 1657-1666, 2003.
31. Cho JW, Woo KS, Aging and cold crystallization of melt-extruded PTT, J Polym Sci Part B, 39, 1920-1927, 2001.
32. Shafee EE, Effect of aging on the mechanical properties of cold-crystallized PTT, Polymer, 44, 3727-3732, 2003.
33. Hong PD, Chuang WT, Yeh WJ, Lin TL, Effect of rigid amorphous phase on glass transition behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polymer, 43, 6879-6886, 2002.
34. Kalakkunnath S, Kalika DS, Dynamic mechanical and dielectric relaxation characteristics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polymer, 47, 7085-7094, 2006.
35. Ramiro J, Eguiazabal JI, Nazabal J, Effects of reprocessing on the structure and mechanical properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), J Appl Polym Sci, 86, 2775-2780, 2002.
36. Seo YW, Pang KY, Kim YH, Property modulation of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) by incorporation of nonlinear isophthalate unit, Macromol Mater Eng, 291, 1327-1337, 2006.
37. Ou CF, Study on poly(oxybenzoate-p-trimethylene terephthalate) copolymers, Eur Polym J, 38, 2405-2411, 2002.
38. Chen X, Yang K, Hou G Chen Y, Dong Y, Liao Z, Crystallization behavior and crystal structure of poly(ethylene-co-trimethylene terephthalate)s, J Appl Polym Sci, 105, 3069-3076, 2007.
39. Wei G, Wang L, Chen G, Gu L, Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene-co-trimethylene terephthatlate)s, J Appl Polym Sci, 100, 1511-1521, 2006.
40. Böhme F, Komber H, Jafari SH, Synthesis and characterization of a novel unsaturated polyester based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polymer, 47, 1892-1898, 2006.
41. Kelsey DR, Kiibler KS, Tutunjian PN, Thermal stability of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polymer, 46, 8937-8946, 2005.
42. Wang XS, Li XG, Yan D, High-resolution thermogravimetric analysis of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) with different molecular weights, Polym Test, 20, 491-502, 2001.
43. Wang XS, Li XQ Yan D, Thermal decomposition kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polym Deg Stab, 69, 361-372, 2000.
44. Zhang C, Yan J, Zhang H, Yang J, Liu Z, Study on depolymerisation of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) in supercritical methanol by GPC-HPLC-IR, Polym Deg Stab, 86, 461-466, 2004.
45. Utracki LA, Polymer Blends Handbook, Kluwer Academic, Netherlands, 2003
46. Paul DR, Bucknall CB, Polymer Blends, Wiley InterScience, 2000.
47. Nadkarni VM, Rath AK, In: Handbook of Thermoplastic Polyesters, Fakirov S (Ed.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002.
48. Supaphol, P, Dangseeyun N, Thanomkiat P, Nithitanakul M, Thermal, crystallization, mechanical and rheological characteristics of PTT/PET blends, J Polym Sci Part B, 42, 676-686, 2004.
49. Castellano M, Turturro T, Valenti B, Avagliano T Costa G Reactive blending of aromatic polyesters: Thermal behaviour of co-precipitated mixtures PTT/PET, Macromol Chem Phys, 207, 242-251, 2006.
50. Supaphol P, Dangseeyun N, Srimoaon P, Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics for PTT/PBT blends, Polym Test, 23, 175-185, 2004.
51. Dangseeyun N, Supaphol P, Nithitanakul M, Thermal, crystallization and rheological characteristics of PTT/PBT blends, Polym Test, 23, 187-194, 2004.
52. Li G Wang K, Li S, Shi Y, Isothermal melt crystallization kinetics for poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) blends, J Macromol Sci Part B, 46, 569-580, 2007.
53. Run M, Song A, Wang Y, Yao C, Melting, Crystallization behaviors, and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PET/PTT/PBT ternary blends, J Appl Polym Sci, 104, 3459-3468, 2007.
54. Krutphan P, Supaphol P, Thermal and crystallization characteristics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene naphthalate) blends, Eur Polym J, 41, 1561-1568, 2005.
55. Huang DH, Woo EM, Lee LT, A comparative study on transreactions induced phase changes in blends of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene naphthalate) upon annealing, Colliod Polym Sci, 284, 843-852, 2006.
56. Run M, Wang Y, Yao C, Gao J, Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) blends, Thermochim Acta, 447, 13-21, 2006.
57. Rezaei M, Ebrahimi NG Shirzad A, Study on mechanical properties of UHMWPE/PET composites using robust design, Iran Polym J, 15, 3-12, 2006.
58. Bozorg Haddad M, Ebrahimi NG Effect of Radiation on the properties of UHMWPE/PET composite, Iran Polym J, 15, 195-205, 2006.
59. Ebadi H, Yousefi AA, Oromiehie A, Reactive extrusion and barrier properties of PP/PET films, Iran Polym J, 16, 659-669, 2007.
60. Jafari SH, Yavari A, Asadinezhad A, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Correlation of morphology and rheological response of interfacially modified PTT/m-LLDPE blends with varying extent of modification, Polymer, 46, 5082-5093, 2005.
61. Jafari SH, Asadinezhad A, Yavari A, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Compatibilizing effects on the phase morphology and thermal properties of polymer blends based on PTT and m-LLDPE, Polym Bull, 54, 417-426, 2005.
62. Shu YC, Hsiao KJ, Preparation and physical properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ metallocene isotactic polypropylene conjugated fibres, Eur Polym J, 42, 2773-2780, 2006.
63. Xue ML, Yu YL, Chuah HH, Reactive compatibilization of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ polypropylene blends by polypropylene-graftmaleic anhydride. Part 2. Crystallization behavior, J Macromol Sci Part B, 46, 603-615, 2007.
64. Asadinezhad A, Yavari A, Jafari SH, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Hässler R, Phase morphology and thermal characteristics of binary blends based on PTT and PTT, Polym Bull, 54, 205-213, 2005.
65. Asadinezhad A, Jafari SH, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Hässler R, Häussler L, Kinetics of isothermal crystallization and subsequent melting behavior of PTT/PA12 blend, J Appl Polym Sci, 106, 1964-1971, 2007.
66. Asadinezhad A, Yavari A, Jafari SH, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Description of the dynamic moduli of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ polyamide-12 blends in molten state, Polym Eng Sci, 45, 1401-1407, 2005.
67. Asadinezhad A, Yavari A, Jafari SH, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Study on the phase morphology and dynamic melt rheology of PTT/PA12 blends, Proc. PPS-21, Leipzig, 2005.
68. Yavari A, Asadinezhad A, Jafari SH, Khonakdar HA, Ahmadian S, Böhme F, Linear Viscoelastic characteristics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ polycarbonate blends in the melt state, Macromol Mater Eng, 290, 1091-1096, 2005.
69. Yavari A, Asadinezhad A, Jafari SH, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Hässler R, Effect of transesterification products on the miscibility and phase behavior of PTT/PC blends, Eur Polym J, 41, 2880-2886, 2005.
70. Chiu FC, Ting MH, Thermal properties and phase morphology of melt-mixed poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate blends-mixing time effect, Polym Test, 26, 338-350, 2007.
71. Bae WJ, Jo WH, Park YH, Crystallization-induced sequential reordering in poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate blends, Macromol Res, 10, 145-149, 2002.
72. Lee LT, Woo EM, Reaction-induced miscibility in blends comprised of bisphenol-A polycarbonate and poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Colloid Polym Sci, 282, 1308-1315, 2004.
73. Xue ML, Sheng J, Chuah HH, Zhang XY, Miscibility, morphology, and thermal properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate, J Macromol Sci Part B, 43, 1045-1061, 2005.
74. Xue ML, Sheng J, Chuah HH, Zhang XY, Crystallization behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate blends, J Macromol Sci Part B, 44, 531-547, 2005.
75. Xue ML, Sheng J, Chuah HH, Zhang XY, Compatibilization of poly(trimethylene tereph thalate)/polycarbonate blends by epoxy. Part 2. Melting behavior and spherulite morphology, J Macromol Sci Part B, 44, 331-343, 2005.
76. Xue ML, Sheng J, Chuah HH, Zhang XY, Compatibilization of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate blends by epoxy. Part 1. Miscibility and morphology, J Macromol Sci Part B, 44, 317-329, 2005.
77. Gonzalez I, Eguizabal JI, Structure and mechanical properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(hydroxy ether of bisphenol A) blends, J Appl Polym Sci, 102, 3246-3254, 2006.
78. Farahani MF, Jafari SH, Yavari A, Khonakdar HA, Tarameshlou M, Böhme F, Investigation of thermal decomposition behavior and kinetic analysis of PTT/phenoxy blends, J Appl Polym Sci, in press.
79. Farahani MF, Jafari SH, Khonakdar HA, Böhme F, Komber H, Yavari A, Tarameshlou M, Investigation of exchange reactions and rheological response of the reactive blends of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and phenoxy resin, Polym Int, in press (DOI: http://dx.doi.org /10.1002/pc.20360)
80. Farahani MF, Jafari SH, Yavari A, Khonakdar HA, Bakhshi R, Böhme F, Komber H, Tarameshlou M, Influence of chain structure on phase behavior and thermal degradation of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(hydroxy ether) of bisphenol-A blends, Macromol Mater Eng, 292, 1103-1110, 2007.
81. Lee JK, Choi MJ, Im JE, Hwang DJ, Lee KH, Spherulite morphology and crystallization behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ poly(ether imide), Polymer, 48, 2980-2987, 2007.
82. Chiu HJ, Shu WJ, Huang JM, Crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ poly(ether imide) blends, Polym Eng Sci., 46, 89-96, 2005.
83. Chiu HJ, Huang JM, Lamellar morphology of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(ether imide) blends studied via small-angle X-ray scattering, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 99, 2421-2427, 2006.
84. Huang JM, Chang FC, Miscibility, melting and crystallization of PTT/PEI blends, J Appl Polym Sci, 84, 850-856, 2002.
85. Ramiro J, Eguiazabal J, Nazabal J, Synergistic mechanical behavior and improved processability of PEI by blending with PTT, Polym Adv Technol, 14, 129-136, 2003.
86. Woo, EM, Wu, PL, Effects of miscible diluent of poly(ether imide) on ring-banded morphology of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Colloid Polym Sci, 284, 357-365, 2006.
87. Wu L, Woo EM, Linear versus nonlinear determination of equilibrium melting temperatures of PTT and miscible blend with PEI exhibiting multiple melting peaks, J Polym Sci Part B, 40, 1571-1581, 2002.
88. Ravikumar HB, Ranganathaiaha C, Kumaraswamya GN, Thomas S, Positron annihilation and differential scanning calorimetric study of PTT/EPDM blends, Polymer, 46, 2372-2380, 2005.
89. Ravikumar HB, Ranganathaiaha C, Compatibilizer-induced microstructural changes in poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/EPDM blends studied by the positron annihilation lifetime technique and differential scanning calorimetry, Polym Int, 54, 1288-1295, 2005.
90. Ravikumar HB, Ranganathaiaha C, Kumaraswamy, GN, Deepa MV, Jagannath JH, Bawa AS, Thomas S, Differential scanning calorimetric and free volume study of reactive compatibilization by EPM-g-MA of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/EPDM, J Appl Polym Sci, 100, 740-747, 2006.
91. Aravind I, Albert P, Ranganathaiah C, Kurian JV, Thomas S, Compatibilizing effect of EPM-g-MA in EPDM/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) incompatible blends, Polymer, 45, 4925-4937, 2004.
92. Echevarria GG Eguiazabal JI, Nazabal J, Partially miscible blends based on a polyarylate and poly(trimethylene terephthalate), J Appl Polym Sci, 92, 1559-1561, 2004.
93. Echevarria GG, Eguiazabal JI, Nazabal J, Influence of compatibilization on the mechanical behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ poly(ethylene-octene) blends, Eur Polym J, 43, 1027-1037, 2007.
94. Huang JM, Polymer blends of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and polystyrene compatibilized by styrene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymers, J Appl Polym Sci, 88, 2247-2252, 2003.
95. Chiu FC, Huang KH, Yang JC, Miscibility and thermal properties of melt-mixed PTT/amorphous copolyester blends, J Polym Sci Part B, 41, 2264-2274, 2003.
96. Lee LT, Woo EM, Miscible blends of poly(4-vinyl phenol)/poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polym Int, 53, 1813-1820, 2004.
97. Su CC, Shih CK, Miscibility and transesterification in ternary blends of poly(ethylene naphthalate)/poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly (ether imide), Colloid Polym Sci, 283, 1278-1288, 2005.
98. Woo EM, Lee LT, A novel quaternary blend system of PET, PTT, PBT, and PEI, Polym Bull, 50, 33-38, 2003.
99. Krishnamoorti R, Via, RA, Polymer Nanocomposites, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 2002.
100. Zeng QH, Yu AB, Lu GQ, Paul DR, Clay-based polymer nanocomposites: Research and commercial development, J Nanosci Nanotech, 5, 1574-1592, 2005.
101. Ray SS, Okamot M, Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: A review from preparation to processing, Prog Polym Sci, 28, 1539-1641, 2003.
102. Alexandre M, Dubois P, Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: Preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials, Mater Sci Eng, 28, 1-63, 2000.
103. Schmidt D, Shah D, Giannelis EP, New advances in polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites, Curr Opin Solid State Mater Sci, 6, 205-212, 2002.
104. Liu Z, Chen K, Yan D, Crystallization, morphology, and dynamic mechanical properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites, Eur Polym J, 39, 2359-2366, 2003.
105. Liu Z, Chen K, Yan D, Nanocomposites of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) with various organoclays: Morphology, mechanical and thermal properties, Polym Test, 23, 323-331, 2004.
106. Hu X, Lesser AJ, Effect of a silicate filler on the crystal morphology of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites, J Polym Sci Part B, 41, 2275-2289, 2003.
107. Hu X, Lesser AJ, Non-isothermal crystallization of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)/clay nanocomposites, Macromol. Chem Phys, 205, 574-580, 2004.
108. Ou CF, Nanocomposites of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) with organoclays, J Appl Polym Sci, 89, 3315-3322, 2003.
109. Ou CF, Crystallization behavior and thermal stability of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites, J Polym Sci Part B, 41, 2902-2910, 2003.
110. Chang JH, Kim SJ, Im SS, Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) nanocomposite fibres by in situ intercalation polymerization: Thermo-mechanical properties and morphology, Polymer, 45, 5171-5181, 2004.
111. Chang JH, Kim SJ, Polyester nanocomposite fibres: Comparison of their properties with poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly (trimethylene terephthalate), Polym Bull, 52, 289-296, 2004.
112. Mishra JK, Chang YW, Choi NS, Preparation and characterization of rubber-toughened poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/organoclay nanocomposites, Polym Eng Sci, 47, 863-870, 2007.
113. 8113. Lin Z, Mai K, Effect of inorganic filler on the crystallization, mechanical properties and rheological behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), Polym Plast Technol Eng, 46, 417-420, 2007.