Household fuelwood use in small electrified towns of the Makana District, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Journal of Energy in Southern Africa

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 4-10

  Shackleton, C M ^a   Gambiza, J ^a   Jones, R ^a  

^a RHODES UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Electricity; Fuelwood; Household attributes; Poverty; Urban energy mix

Indexed keywords

EID: 39549116273     PISSN: 1021447X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.17159/2413-3051/2007/v18i4a3394     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Arnold, M., Köhlin, G. & Persson, R. 2006. Woodfuels, livelihoods and polio; interventions: changing perspectives. World Development 34: 596-611.
2. Bhattacharyya, S.C. 2006. Energy access problem of the poor in India: is rural electrification a remedy? Energy Policy 34: 3387-3397.
3. Biggs, R., Bohensky, E., Desanker, P.V., Fabricius, C., Lynam, T., Misselhorn, A.A.,
4. Musvoto, C., Mutale, M., Reyers, B., Scholes, R.J., Shikongo, S. & van Jaarsveld, A.S.
5. 2004. Nature supporting people: the Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment - integrated report. CSIR, Pretoria. 58 pp.
6. Brouwer, R. & Falcão, M.R 2004. Wood fuel consumption in Maputo, Mozambique. Biomass & Bioenergy 27: 233-245.
7. Campbell, B.M., Vermeulen, S.J., Mangono, J.J. & Mabugu, R. 2003. The energy transition in action: urban domestic fuel choices in a changing Zimbabwe. Energy Policy 31: 553-562.
8. Davis, M., 1998. Rural household energy consumption: the effects of access to electricity - evidence from South Africa. Energy Policy 26:207-217.
9. De Lange, E. & Wentzel, M. 2003. The impact of electrification on other fuel uses: a case study of two neighbouring areas in Limpopo Province. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 14: 20-26.
10. Dewees, P.A. 1989. The woodfuel crisis reconsidered: observations on the dynamics of abundance and scarcity. World Development 17: 1159-1172.
11. Hosier, R.H. & Milukas, M.V 1992. Two African woodfuel markets: urban demand, resource depletion and environmental degradation. Biomass & Bioenergy 3: 9-24.
12. Howells, M.I., Alfstad, T., Victor, D.G., Goldstein, G. & Remme, U. 2005. A model of household energy services in a low-income rural African village. Energy Policy 33: 1833-1851.
13. Howells, M.I., Victor, D.G., Gaunt, T, Elias, R.J. & Alfstad, T. 2006. Beyond free electricity: the costs of electric cooking in poor households and a marketfriendly alternative. Energy Policy 34: 3351-3358.
14. Kituyi, E., Marufa, L., Huber, B., Wandiga, S.O., Jumba, O.I., Andreae, M.O., Helas, G., 2001. Biofuels consumption rates in Kenya. Biomass and Bioenergy 20: 83-99.
15. Lloyd, P.J., Dick, A. & Howells, M. 2004. The energy profile of a rural community. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 15: 80-87.
16. Luoga, E.J., Witkowski, E.T. & Balkwill, K. 2000. Economics of charcoal production in miombo woodlands of eastern Tanzania: some hidden costs associated with commercialisation of the resources. Ecological Economics 35: 243-257.
17. Madubansi, M. & Shackleton, C.M. 2006. Changing energy profiles and consumption patterns following electrification in five rural villages, South Africa. Energy Policy 34: 4081-4092.
18. Madubansi, M. & Shackleton, C.M. 2007. Changes in fuelwood use and species selection following electrification in the Bushbuckridge Lowveld, South Africa. Journal of Environmental Management 83: 416-426.
19. Mahiri, I. & Howorth, C. 2001. Twenty years of resolving the irresolvable: approaches to the fuelwood problem in Kenya. Land Degradation and Development 12: 205-215.
20. Makana IDP 2005. www.makana.gov.za.
21. Marufa, L., Ludwig, J., Andreae, M.O., Lelieveld, J., Helas, G., 1996. Spatial and temporal variation in domestic biofuel consumption rates and patterns in Zimbabwe: implications for atmosphere trace gas emission. Biomass and Bioenergy 16: 311-332.
22. Masekoameng, K.E., Simalenga, T.E. & Saidi, T. 2005. Household energy needs and utilization patterns in the Giyani rural communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16: 88-93.
23. Nagothu, U.S. 2001. Fuelwood and fodder extraction and deforestation: mainstream views in India discussed on the basis of data from the semi-arid region of Rajasthan. Geoforum 32: 319-332.
24. Pote, J., Shackleton, C.M., Cocks, M.L. & Lubke, R.A. 2006. Woody plant community structure and species selection in harvested Valley Thicket, South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 67: 270-287.
25. Shackleton, C.M. 1993. Fuelwood harvesting and sustainable utilisation in a communal grazing land and protected area of the eastern Transvaal lowveld. Biological Conservation 63: 247-254.
26. Shackleton, C.M., Grundy, I. & Williams, A. 2004. Use of South Africa's woodlands for energy and construction. In: Lawes, M., Eeley, H., Shackleton, C.M. & Geach, B. (eds). Indigenous forests and woodlands in South Africa: policy, people and practice. University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. pp. 337-366.
27. Shackleton, C.M., McConnachie, M., Chauke, M.I., Mentz, J. Sutherland, F., Gambiza, J. & Jones, R. 2006. Urban fuelwood demand and markets in a small town in South Africa: livelihood vulnerability and alien plant control. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology 13: 1-11.
28. Sullivan, S. 1999. The impacts of people and livestock on topographically diverse open wood and shrub-lands in arid north-west Namibia. Global Ecology & Biogeography 8: 257-277.
29. Tabuti, J.R., Dhillion, S.S., Lye, K.A., 2003. Firewood use in Bulamgi County, Uganda: species selection, harvesting and consumption patterns. Biomass and Bioenergy 25: 581-596.
30. Vermeulen, S.J., Campbell, B.M., Mangono, J.J. (2000). Shifting patterns of fuel and wood use by households in rural Zimbabwe. Energy & Environment 11: 233-254.