Mesoscale ionospheric electrodynamics observed with the MIRACLE network: 1. Analysis of a pseudobreakup spiral

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Volumn 106, Issue A11, 2001, Pages 24675-24690

  Amm, O ^a   Janhunen, P ^a   Kauristie, K ^a   Opgenoorth, H J ^a,b   Pulkkinen, T I ^a   Viljanen, A ^a  

^a FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^b SWEDISH INSTITUTE OF SPACE PHYSICS   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 39449105333     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2001ja900072     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Aikio, A.T., and K.U. Kaila, A substorm observed by EISCAT and other ground-based instruments: Evidence for near Earth substorm initiation, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 58, 5, 1996.
2. Aikio, A., V.A. Sergeev, M.A. Shukhtina, L.I. Vagina, V. Angelopoulos, and G.D. Reeves, Characteristics of pseudobreakups and substorms observed in the ionosphere, at geosynchronous orbit, and in the midtail, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 12,263, 1999.
3. Akasofu, S.-I., The development of the auroral substorm, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 273, 1964.
4. Amm, O., Direct determination of the local ionospheric Hall conductance distribution from two-dimensional electric and magnetic field data: Application of the method using models of typical ionospheric electrodynamic situations, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 21,473, 1995.
5. Amm, O., Method of characteristics in spherical geometry applied to a Harang discontinuity situation, Ann. Geophys., 16, 413, 1998.
6. Baker, D. N., T. I. Pulkkinen, X. Li, S. G. Kanekal, J. B. Blake, R. S. Selesnick, M. G. Henderson, G. D. Reeves, H. E. Spence, and G. Rostoker, Coronal mass ejections, magnetic clouds, and relativistic magnetospheric electron events: ISTP, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17,279, 1998.
7. Baumjohann, W., R.J. Pellinen, H.J. Opgenoorth, and E. Nielsen, Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents: Current system associated with local auroral break-ups, Planet. Space Sci., 29, 431, 1981.
8. Davis, T.N., and T.J. Hallinan, Auroral spirals, 1, Observations, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 3953, 1976.
9. Elvey, C.T., Problems of auroral morphology, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 43, 63, 1951.
10. Folkestad, K., T. Hagfors, and S. Westerlund, EISCAT: An updated description of technical characteristics, Radio Sci., 18, 867, 1983.
11. Gjerloev, J.W., and R.A. Hoffman, Height-integrated conductivity in auroral substorms, 1. Data, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 215, 2000.
12. Greenwald, R.A., W. Weiss, E. Nielsen, and N.R. Thomson, STARE: A new radar backscatter experiment in northern Scandinavia, Radio Sci., 13, 1021, 1978.
13. Hallinan, T.J., Auroral spirals, 2, Theory, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 3959, 1976.
14. Hernandez, G., and T.L. Killeen, Optical measurements of winds and kinetic temperatures in the upper atmosphere, Adv. Space Res., 8 (5-6), 5149, 1988.
15. Hoffman, R.A., R. Fujii, and M. Sugiura, Characteristics of the field-aligned current system in the nighttime sector during auroral substorms, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 21,303, 1994.
16. Inhester, B., W. Baumjohann, R.A. Greenwald, and E. Nielsen, Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents; 3. Auroral zone currents during the passage of a westward traveling surge, J. Geophys., 49, 155, 1981.
17. Inhester, B., J. Untiedt, M. Segatz, and M. Kürschner, Direct determination of the local ionospheric Hall conductance distribution from two-dimensional electric and magnetic field data, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 4073, 1992.
18. Kan, J.R., L. Zhu, and S.-I. Akasofu, A theory of substorms: Onset and subsidence, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 5624, 1988.
19. Kirkwood, S., H.J. Opgenoorth, and J.S. Murphree, Ionospheric conductivities, electric fields and currents associated with auroral substorms measured by the EISCAT radar, Planet. Space Sci., 36, 1359, 1988.
20. Kosch, M.J., T. Hagfors, and D. Rees, A new Fabry-Perot interferometer for atmospheric studies with the EISCAT incoherent backscatter radar, Adv. Space Res., 20 (6), 1133, 1997.
21. Kosch, M. J., T. Hagfors, and K. Schlegel, Extrapolating EISCAT Pedersen conductances to other parts of the sky using ground-based TV auroral images, Ann. Geophys., 16, 583, 1998.
22. Kosch, M.J., O. Amm, and M.W.J. Scourfield, A plasma vortex revisited: The importance of including ionospheric conductivity measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24,889, 2000.
23. Koskinen, H.E.J., and T.I. Pulkkinen, Midnight velocity shear zone and the concept of Harang discontinuity, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 9539, 1995.
24. Koskinen, H.E.J., R.E. Lopez, R.J. Pellinen, T.I. Pulkkinen, D.N. Baker, and T. Bösinger, Pseudobreakup and substorm growth phase in the ionosphere and magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 5801, 1993.
25. Lester, M., J.A. Davies, and T.S. Virdi, High-latitude Hall and Pedersen conductances during substorm activity in the SUNDIAL-ATLAS campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 26719, 1996.
26. Lühr, H., A. Aylward, S.C. Buchert, A. Pajunpää, K. Pajunpaä, T. Holmboe, and S.M. Zalewski, Westward moving dynamic substorm features observed with the IMAGE magnetometer network and other ground-based instruments, Ann. Geophys., 16, 425, 1998.
27. Lui, A.T.Y., A synthesis of magnetospheric substorm models, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 1849, 1991.
28. Marklund, G.T., et al., Observations of the electric field fine structure associated with the westward traveling surge and large-scale auroral spirals, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 4125, 1998.
29. McPherron, R.L., Physical processes producing magnetospheric substorms and magnetic storms, in Geomagnetism, vol. 4, edited by J.A. Jacobs, p. 593, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1991.
30. Nakamura, R , D.N. N. Baker, T. Yamamoto, R.D. Belian, E.A. Bering, J.A. Benbrook, and J.R. Theal, Particle and field signatures during pseudobreakup and major expansion onset, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 207, 1994.
31. Ohtani, S., et al., A multisatellite study of a pseudo-substorm onset in the near-Earth magnetotail, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 19,355, 1993.
32. Opgenoorth, H.J., R.J. Pellinen, W. Baumjohann, E. Nielsen, G. Marklund, and L. Eliasson, Three-dimensional current flow and particle precipitation in a westward traveling surge (observed during the Barium-GEOS rocket experiment), J. Geophys. Res., 88, 3138, 1983.
33. Pulkkinen, T.I., D.N. Baker, M. Wiltberger, C. Goodrich, R.E. Lopez, and J.G. Lyon, Pseudobreakup and substorm onset: Observations and MHD simulations compared, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14,847, 1998.
34. Ridley, A.J., G. Lu, C.R. Clauer, and V.O. Papitashvili, A statistical study of the ionospheric response to changing interplanetary magnetic field conditions using the assimilative mapping of ionospheric electrodynamics technique, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 4023, 1998.
35. Ruohoniemi, J.M., and K.B. Baker, Large-scale imaging of high-latitude convection with Super Dual Auroral Radar Network HF radar observations, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 20797, 1998.
36. Sergeev, V.A., N.P. Dmitrieva, and E.S. Barkova, Triggering of substorm expansion by the IMF directional discontinuities: Time delay analysis, Planet. Space Sci., 34, 1109, 1986.
37. Shiokawa, K., et al., Auroral observations using automatic optical instruments: Relations with multiple Pi 2 magnetic pulsations, J. Geomagn. Geoelectr., 48, 1407, 1996.
38. Stauning, P., Investigations of ionospheric radio wave absorption processes using imaging riometer techniques, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 58, 753, 1996.
39. Syrjäsuo, M., et al., Observations of substorm electrodynamics using the MIRACLE network, paper presented at Fourth International Conference on Substorms (ICS-4), Lake Hamana, Japan, March 9-13, 1998.
40. Untiedt, J., and W. Baumjohann, Studies of polar current systems using the IMS Scandinavian magnetometer array. Space Sci. Rev., 63, 245, 1993.
41. Untiedt, J., R. Pellinen, F. Küppers, H.J. Opgenoorth, W.D. Pelster, W. Baumjohann, H. Ranta, J. Kangas, P. Czechowsky, and W.J. Heikkila, Observations of the initial development of an auroral and magnetic substorm, J. Geophys., 45, 41, 1978.
42. Weimer, D.R., J.D. Craven, L.A. Frank, W.B. Hanson, N.C. Maynard, R.A. Hoffman, and J.A. Slavin, Satellite measurements through the center of a substorm surge, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 23,639, 1994.