Sulfur species at chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) fracture surfaces

American Mineralogist

Volumn 89, Issue 7, 2004, Pages 1026-1032

  Harmer, Sarah L ^a   Pratt, Allen R ^b   Nesbitt, Wayne H ^a   Fleet, Michael E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b Natural Resources Canada   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COPPER COMPOUNDS; CORE LEVELS; FRACTURE; IRON COMPOUNDS; PHOTOELECTRONS; PHOTONS; POLYMERS; SULFUR; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

FRACTURE SURFACES; FRACTURED SURFACES; HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTRA; MONOMERIC SPECIES; POLYMERIC SPECIES; SURFACE POLYMERS; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION X-RAYS;

SULFUR COMPOUNDS;

CHALCOPYRITE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; FRACTURE; SULFUR; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY;

EID: 3943091777     PISSN: 0003004X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2138/am-2004-0713     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Biegelsen, D.K., Bringans, R.D., Northrup, J.E., and Swartz, L.E. (1990a) Reconstructions of GaAs(111) surfaces observed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Physical Review Letters, 65, 452.
2. Biegelsen, D.K., Bringans, R.D., Northrup, J.E., and Swartz, L.E. (1990b) Surface reconstructions of GaAs(100) observed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Physical Review B, 41, 5701.
3. nd ed. Wiley, U.K.
4. Buckley, A.N. and Woods, R. (1984) An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of the oxidation of chalcopyrite. Australian Journal of Chemistry, 37, 2403-2413.
5. th Edition. Wiley, New York.
6. Crundwell, F.K. (1988) The influence of the electronic structure of solids on the anodic dissolution and leaching of semi-conducting sulphide minerals. Hydrometallurgy, 21, 155-190.
7. Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J. (1969) An introduction to the rock-forming minerals, 445-449 p. Longman, London.
8. Eastman, D.E., Chiang, T.C., Hermann, P., and Himpsel, F.L. (1980) Surface core-level binding-energy shifts for GaAs(110) and GaSb(110). Physical Review Letters, 45, 656.
9. 2 studied by electron and optical spectroscopes. Physical Review B, 49(11), 7155-7163.
10. Gibson, A.S. and LaFemina, J.P. (1996) Structure of mineral surfaces. Physics and Chemistry of Mineral Surfaces, Chapter 1. P.V Brady, Ed., CRC series in chemistry and physics of surfaces and interfaces. CRC press, Boca Raton, Florida.
11. Hackl, R.P., Dreisinger, D.B., Peters, E., and King, J.A. (1995) Passivation of chalcopyrite during oxidative leaching in sulfate media. Hydrometallurgy, 39, 25-48.
12. 2. In Acta Crystallographica, B29, 579-585. Mincryst database, http: //database.iem.ac.ru/mincryst/sřta2.php?840+MAIN.
13. Hamilton, I.C. and Woods, R. (1984) A voltammetric study of the surface oxidation of sulphide minerals. Proceedings International Symposium on Electrochemistry in Mineral and Metal Processing, 259-285. The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, New Jersey
14. Hinkel, V., Sorba, L., and Horn, K. (1988) Surface core level shifts of clean and hydrogen covered InSb(110). Surface Science, 194, 597-614.
15. Kaxiras, E., Bar-Yam, Y., Joannopoulos, J.D., and Pandey, K.C. (1986) Variable stoichiometry surface reconstructions: New models for GaAs (111) (2 × 2) and (√19 × √19). Physical Review Letters, 57, 106.
16. 2) surface. Surface and Interface Analysis, 35, 415-428.
17. Klauber, C., Parker, A., Bronswijk, W.V., and Watling, H. (2001) Sulphur speciation of leached chalcopyrite surfaces as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. International Journal of Minerals Processing, 62, 65-94.
18. Laajalehto, K., Kartio, I., and Nowak, P. (1994) XPS study of clean metal sulfide surfaces. Applied Surface Science, 81, 11-15.
19. Leiro, J.A., Laajalehto, K., Kartio, I., and Heinonen, M.H. (1998) Surface core-level and phonon broadening in PbS (100). Surface Science, 412/413, L918-L923.
20. Luttrell, G.H. and Yoon, R.H. (1984) Surface studies of the collectorless flotation of chalcopyrite. Colloids and Surfaces, 12, 239-254.
21. McCarron, J.J., Walker, G.W., and Buckley, A.N. (1990) An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of chalcopyrite and pyrite surfaces after conditioning in sodium sulfide solutions. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 30, 1-16.
22. Mönch, W. (1995) Semiconductor Surfaces and Interfaces, Ch 13. Springer Series in Surface Sciences, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg.
23. 1-xS surfaces, and reactivity of niccolite in air and water. American Mineralogist, 84, 639-649.
24. Nesbitt, H.W., Bancroft, G.M., Pratt, A.R., and Scaini, M.J. (1998) Sulfur and iron surface states on fractured pyrite surfaces. American Mineralogist, 83, 1067-1076.
25. 3+-S surface species on pyrite fracture-surfaces, and their 3D electronic states. American Mineralogist, 85, 850-857.
26. Nesbitt, H.W., Schaufuss, A.G., Scaini, M., Bancroft, G.M., and Szargan, R. (2001) XPS measurement of fivefold and sixfold coordinated sulfur in pyrrhotites and evidence for millerite and pyrrhotite surface species. American Mineralogist, 86, 318-326.
27. 2) surfaces. American Mineralogist, 87, 1000-1004.
28. Pashley, M.D., Haberern, K.W., Friday, W., Woodal, J.M., and Kirchner, P.D. (1988) Structure of GaAs(001) (2 × 4)-c(2 × 8) determined by scanning tunneling microscopy. Physical Review Letters, 60, 2176.
29. Schaufuss, A.G., Nesbitt, H.W., Kartio, I., Laajalehto, K., Bancroft, G.M., and Szargan, R. (1998) Reactivity of surface chemical states on fractured pyrite. Surface Science, 411, 321-328.
30. Schaufuss, A.G., Nesbitt, H.W., Scaini, M.J., Hoechst, H., Bancroft, M.G., and Szargan, R. (2000) Reactivity of surface sites on fractured arsenopyrite (FeAsS) toward oxygen. American Mineralogist, 85, 1754-1766.
31. Seah, M.P. and Dench, W.A. (1979) Quantitative electron spectroscopy of surfaces: A standard database for electron inelastic mean free paths in solids. Surface and Interface Analysis, 1, 2-11.
32. Shirley, D.A. (1972) High-resolution X-ray photoemission spectrum of the valence bands of gold. Physical Review B, 5, 4709-4714.
33. Smart, R.St.C. (1991) Surface layers in base metal sulphide flotation. Minerals Engineering, 4, 891-909.
34. Tanuma, S., Powell, C.J., and Penn, D.R. (1991) Calculations of electron inelastic mean free paths II Data for 27 elements over the 50-2000 EV range. Surface and Interface Analysis, 17, 911-920.
35. Thomas, J.E., Skinner, W.M., and Smart, R.St.C. (1998) The role of sulfur species in the inhibition of pyrrhotite dissolution in acid conditions. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 62, 1555-1565.
36. Tossell, J.A. and Vaughan, D.J. (1992) Theoretical Geochemistry: Applications of Quantum Mechanics in the Earth and Mineral Science. Oxford University Press Inc. USA, New York.
37. Uhlig, I., Szargan, R., Nesbitt, H.W., and Laajalehto, K. (2001) Surface states and reactivity of pyrite and marcasite. Applied Surface Science, 179, 222-229.
38. 2). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59, 1091-1100.
39. 2) in alkaline solutions. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 147, 2945-2951.
40. Zachwieja, J.B., McCarron, J.J., Walker, G.W., and Buckley, A.N. (1989) Correlation between the surface composition and collectorless flotation of chalcopyrite. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 132, 462-468.