메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 82, Issue 973, 2006, Pages 723-732

Generalised convulsive status epilepticus: An overview

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT;

EID: 39049195564     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: 14690756     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2005.043182     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (16)

References (91)
  • 1
    • 0034976982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The management of status epilepticus
    • Shorvon SD. The management of status epilepticus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:1122-7.
    • (2001) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 1122-1127
    • Shorvon, S.D.1
  • 2
    • 36949020639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurological intensive care in India-disease spectrum and outcome
    • Meena AK, Prasad VS, Kaul S, et al. Neurological intensive care in India-disease spectrum and outcome. Neurol India 2000;48:S1-7.
    • (2000) Neurol India , vol.48
    • Meena, A.K.1    Prasad, V.S.2    Kaul, S.3
  • 3
    • 0031907719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of acute seizure episodes
    • Pellock JM. Management of acute seizure episodes. Epilepsia 1998;39:S28-35.
    • (1998) Epilepsia , vol.39
    • Pellock, J.M.1
  • 4
    • 0027272387 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of convulsive status epilepticus: Recommendations of Epilepsy Foundation of America's Working Group on Status Epilepticus
    • Dodson WE, DeLorenzo RJ, Pedley TA, et al. The treatment of convulsive status epilepticus: recommendations of Epilepsy Foundation of America's Working Group on Status Epilepticus. JAMA 1993;270:854- 9.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 854-859
    • Dodson, W.E.1    DeLorenzo, R.J.2    Pedley, T.A.3
  • 5
    • 0025861587 scopus 로고
    • Convulsive disorders: Status epilepticus
    • Bleck TP. Convulsive disorders: status epilepticus. Clin Neuropharmacol 1991;14:191-8.
    • (1991) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.14 , pp. 191-198
    • Bleck, T.P.1
  • 6
    • 0032541616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group
    • Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY, et al. A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998;339:792-8.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 792-798
    • Treiman, D.M.1    Meyers, P.D.2    Walton, N.Y.3
  • 7
    • 0035975408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of lorazepam, diazepam, and placebo for the treatment of out-of-hospital status epilepticus
    • Alldredge BK, Gelb AM, Isaacs SM, et al. A comparison of lorazepam, diazepam, and placebo for the treatment of out-of-hospital status epilepticus. N Engl J Med 2001;345:631-7.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 631-637
    • Alldredge, B.K.1    Gelb, A.M.2    Isaacs, S.M.3
  • 8
    • 0032921086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's time to revise the definition of status epilepticus
    • Lowenstein DH, Bleck T, Macdonald RL. It's time to revise the definition of status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1999;40:120-2.
    • (1999) Epilepsia , vol.40 , pp. 120-122
    • Lowenstein, D.H.1    Bleck, T.2    Macdonald, R.L.3
  • 9
    • 0036128487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refractory status epilepticus: Frequency, risk factors and impact on outcome
    • Mayer SA, Claassen J, Lokin J, et al. Refractory status epilepticus: frequency, risk factors and impact on outcome. Arch Neurol 2002;59:205-10.
    • (2002) Arch Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 205-210
    • Mayer, S.A.1    Claassen, J.2    Lokin, J.3
  • 10
    • 0027956995 scopus 로고
    • The secondarily generalized tonic- clonic seizure: A videotape analysis
    • Theodore WH, Porter RJ, Albert P, et al. The secondarily generalized tonic- clonic seizure: a videotape analysis. Neurology 1994;44:1403-7.
    • (1994) Neurology , vol.44 , pp. 1403-1407
    • Theodore, W.H.1    Porter, R.J.2    Albert, P.3
  • 11
    • 0033541074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum neuron-specific enolase in the major subtypes of status epilepticus
    • DeGiorgio CM, Heck CN, Rabinowicz AL, et al. Serum neuron-specific enolase in the major subtypes of status epilepticus. Neurology 1999;52:746-9.
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.52 , pp. 746-749
    • DeGiorgio, C.M.1    Heck, C.N.2    Rabinowicz, A.L.3
  • 12
    • 0033028973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation regulates refractoriness of status epilepticus to diazepam
    • Rice AC, DeLorenzo RJ. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation regulates refractoriness of status epilepticus to diazepam. Neuroscience 1999;93:117-23.
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.93 , pp. 117-123
    • Rice, A.C.1    DeLorenzo, R.J.2
  • 13
    • 16844387470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors and prognosis of refractory status epilepticus treated in a neurological intensive care unit
    • Holtkamp M, Othman J, Buchheim K, et al. Predictors and prognosis of refractory status epilepticus treated in a neurological intensive care unit. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005;76:534-9.
    • (2005) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.76 , pp. 534-539
    • Holtkamp, M.1    Othman, J.2    Buchheim, K.3
  • 14
    • 27744453605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refractory status epilepticus: Effect of treatment aggressiveness on prognosis
    • Rossetti AO, Logroscino G, Bromfield EB. Refractory status epilepticus: effect of treatment aggressiveness on prognosis. Arch Neurol 2005;62:1698-702.
    • (2005) Arch Neurol , vol.62 , pp. 1698-1702
    • Rossetti, A.O.1    Logroscino, G.2    Bromfield, E.B.3
  • 15
    • 25144439405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A "malignant" variant of status epilepticus
    • Holtkamp M, Othman J, Buchheim K, et al. A "malignant" variant of status epilepticus. Arch Neurol 2005;62:1428-31.
    • (2005) Arch Neurol , vol.62 , pp. 1428-1431
    • Holtkamp, M.1    Othman, J.2    Buchheim, K.3
  • 16
    • 0032135267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent nonconvulsive status epilepticus after the control of convulsive status epilepticus
    • DeLorenzo RJ, Waterhouse EJ, Towne AR, et al. Persistent nonconvulsive status epilepticus after the control of convulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1998;39:833-40.
    • (1998) Epilepsia , vol.39 , pp. 833-840
    • DeLorenzo, R.J.1    Waterhouse, E.J.2    Towne, A.R.3
  • 17
    • 0037310334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-convulsive status epilepticus: Usefulness of clinical features in selecting patients for urgent EEG
    • Husain AM, Horn GJ, Jacobson MP. Non-convulsive status epilepticus: usefulness of clinical features in selecting patients for urgent EEG. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:189-91.
    • (2003) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.74 , pp. 189-191
    • Husain, A.M.1    Horn, G.J.2    Jacobson, M.P.3
  • 18
    • 0029971206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in the emergency room
    • Kaplan PW. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in the emergency room. Epilepsia 1996;37:643-50.
    • (1996) Epilepsia , vol.37 , pp. 643-650
    • Kaplan, P.W.1
  • 19
    • 0030477235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of status epilepticus on a neurological intensive care unit
    • Walker MC, Howard RS, Smith SJ, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of status epilepticus on a neurological intensive care unit. Q J Med 1996;89:913-20.
    • (1996) Q J Med , vol.89 , pp. 913-920
    • Walker, M.C.1    Howard, R.S.2    Smith, S.J.3
  • 20
    • 0036490644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of diagnostic techniques in the differential diagnosis of epileptic and nonepileptic seizures
    • Cragar DE, Berry DT, Fakhoury TA, et al. A review of diagnostic techniques in the differential diagnosis of epileptic and nonepileptic seizures. Neuropsychol Rev 2002;12:31-64.
    • (2002) Neuropsychol Rev , vol.12 , pp. 31-64
    • Cragar, D.E.1    Berry, D.T.2    Fakhoury, T.A.3
  • 21
    • 0026508797 scopus 로고
    • Psychogenic seizures:ictal characteristics and diagnostic pitfalls
    • Leis AA, Ross MA, Summers AK. Psychogenic seizures:ictal characteristics and diagnostic pitfalls. Neurology1992;42:95-9.
    • (1992) Neurology , vol.42 , pp. 95-99
    • Leis, A.A.1    Ross, M.A.2    Summers, A.K.3
  • 22
    • 24644445061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures: Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Chen DK, So YT, Fisher RS. Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology2005; 65:668-75.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 668-675
    • Chen, D.K.1    So, Y.T.2    Fisher, R.S.3
  • 24
    • 22244433467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying status epilepticus
    • Noe KH, Manno EM. Mechanisms underlying status epilepticus. Drugs Today (Barc) 2005;41 :257-66.
    • (2005) Drugs Today (Barc) , vol.41 , pp. 257-266
    • Noe, K.H.1    Manno, E.M.2
  • 25
    • 23944507074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trafficking of GABA(A) receptors, loss of inhibition, and a mechanism for pharmacoresistance in status epilepticus
    • Naylor DE, Liu H, Wasterlain CG. Trafficking of GABA(A) receptors, loss of inhibition, and a mechanism for pharmacoresistance in status epilepticus. J Neurosci 2005;25:7724-33.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 7724-7733
    • Naylor, D.E.1    Liu, H.2    Wasterlain, C.G.3
  • 26
    • 20444388639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilept icus increases the intracellular accumulation of GABAA receptors
    • Goodkin HP, Yeh JL, Kapur J. Status epilept icus increases the intracellular accumulation of GABAA receptors. J Neurosci 2005;25:5511-20.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 5511-5520
    • Goodkin, H.P.1    Yeh, J.L.2    Kapur, J.3
  • 27
    • 0032793968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute cellular alterations in the hippocampus after status epilepticus
    • Macdonald RL, Kapur J. Acute cellular alterations in the hippocampus after status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1999;40:S9-20.
    • (1999) Epilepsia , vol.40
    • Macdonald, R.L.1    Kapur, J.2
  • 28
    • 0032922285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus in epileptogenesis
    • Kapur J. Status epilepticus in epileptogenesis. Curr Opin Neurol 1999;12:191-5.
    • (1999) Curr Opin Neurol , vol.12 , pp. 191-195
    • Kapur, J.1
  • 29
    • 0041570130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of prolonged electrographic seizures in vitro has a defined threshold and is all or none: Implications for diagnosis of status epilepticus
    • Rafiq A, Gong QZ, Lyeth BG, et al. Induction of prolonged electrographic seizures in vitro has a defined threshold and is all or none: implications for diagnosis of status epilepticus. Epilepsia 2003;44:1034-41.
    • (2003) Epilepsia , vol.44 , pp. 1034-1041
    • Rafiq, A.1    Gong, Q.Z.2    Lyeth, B.G.3
  • 30
    • 32544437394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged seizures and cellular injury: Understanding the connection
    • Fujikawa DG. Prolonged seizures and cellular injury: understanding the connection. Epilepsy Behav 2005;7:3-11.
    • (2005) Epilepsy Behav , vol.7 , pp. 3-11
    • Fujikawa, D.G.1
  • 31
    • 21844468735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Programmed neuronal necrosis and status epilepticus
    • Niquet J, Liu H, Wasterlain CG. Programmed neuronal necrosis and status epilepticus. Epilepsia 2005;46:43-8.
    • (2005) Epilepsia , vol.46 , pp. 43-48
    • Niquet, J.1    Liu, H.2    Wasterlain, C.G.3
  • 32
    • 0029928372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective population based epidemiological study of status epilepticus in Richmond, Virginia
    • DeLorenzo RJ, Hauser WA, Towne AR, et al. A prospective population based epidemiological study of status epilepticus in Richmond, Virginia. Neurology 1996;46:1029-35.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , pp. 1029-1035
    • DeLorenzo, R.J.1    Hauser, W.A.2    Towne, A.R.3
  • 33
    • 32944469187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus in idiopathic generalized epilepsy
    • Shorvon S, Walker M. Status epilepticus in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia 2005;46:73-9.
    • (2005) Epilepsia , vol.46 , pp. 73-79
    • Shorvon, S.1    Walker, M.2
  • 34
    • 0035015527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus arising de novo in hospitalized patients: An ana lysis of 41 patients
    • Delanty N, French JA, Labar DR, et al. Status epilepticus arising de novo in hospitalized patients: an ana lysis of 41 patients. Seizure 2001;10:116-19.
    • (2001) Seizure , vol.10 , pp. 116-119
    • Delanty, N.1    French, J.A.2    Labar, D.R.3
  • 35
    • 0034845292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus after stroke
    • Velioglu SK, Ozmenoglu M, Boz C, et al. Status epilepticus after stroke. Stroke 2001;32:1169-72.
    • (2001) Stroke , vol.32 , pp. 1169-1172
    • Velioglu, S.K.1    Ozmenoglu, M.2    Boz, C.3
  • 36
    • 22544456593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features of status epilepticus in patients with HIV infection
    • Lee KC, Garcia PA, Alldredge BK. Clinical features of status epilepticus in patients with HIV infection. Neurology2005;65:314- 16.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 314-316
    • Lee, K.C.1    Garcia, P.A.2    Alldredge, B.K.3
  • 37
    • 0344441854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seizures in alcohol-dependent patients: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and management
    • Hillbom M, Pieninkeroinen I, Leone M. Seizures in alcohol-dependent patients: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. CNS Drugs 2003;17:1013-30.
    • (2003) CNS Drugs , vol.17 , pp. 1013-1030
    • Hillbom, M.1    Pieninkeroinen, I.2    Leone, M.3
  • 38
    • 0036831358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous electroencephalographic monitoring in neurocritical care
    • Claassen J, Mayer SA. Continuous electroencephalographic monitoring in neurocritical care. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2002;2:534-40.
    • (2002) Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep , vol.2 , pp. 534-540
    • Claassen, J.1    Mayer, S.A.2
  • 39
    • 0025069885 scopus 로고
    • A progressive sequence of electroencephalographic changes during generalised convulsive status epilepticus
    • Treiman D, Walton N, Kendrick C. A progressive sequence of electroencephalographic changes during generalised convulsive status epilepticus. EpilepsyRes 1990;5:49-60.
    • (1990) EpilepsyRes , vol.5 , pp. 49-60
    • Treiman, D.1    Walton, N.2    Kendrick, C.3
  • 40
    • 0033012339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depth of EEG suppression and outcome in barbiturate anesthetic treatment for refractory status epilepticus
    • Krishnamurthy KB, Drislane FW. Depth of EEG suppression and outcome in barbiturate anesthetic treatment for refractory status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1999;40:759-62.
    • (1999) Epilepsia , vol.40 , pp. 759-762
    • Krishnamurthy, K.B.1    Drislane, F.W.2
  • 41
    • 24644469585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airway management in neurological emergencies
    • Roppolo LP, Walters K. Airway management in neurological emergencies. Neurocrit Care 2004;1 :405-14.
    • (2004) Neurocrit Care , vol.1 , pp. 405-414
    • Roppolo, L.P.1    Walters, K.2
  • 42
    • 24144471761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus as an initial presentation of Brugada syndrome: A case report
    • Huang CC, Chen TW, Lin FC, et al. Status epilepticus as an initial presentation of Brugada syndrome: a case report. Kaohsiung JMedSci 2005;21 :387-91.
    • (2005) Kaohsiung JMedSci , vol.21 , pp. 387-391
    • Huang, C.C.1    Chen, T.W.2    Lin, F.C.3
  • 43
    • 0027439615 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of electrocardiographic changes in status epilepticus
    • Boggs JG, Painter JA, DeLorenzo RJ. Analysis of electrocardiographic changes in status epilepticus. EpilepsyRes 1993;14:87-94.
    • (1993) EpilepsyRes , vol.14 , pp. 87-94
    • Boggs, J.G.1    Painter, J.A.2    DeLorenzo, R.J.3
  • 44
    • 28544451706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac pathology in status epilepticus
    • Manno EM, Pfeifer EA, Cascino GD, et al. Cardiac pathology in status epilepticus. Ann Neurol 2005;58:954-7.
    • (2005) Ann Neurol , vol.58 , pp. 954-957
    • Manno, E.M.1    Pfeifer, E.A.2    Cascino, G.D.3
  • 45
    • 0029163420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appleton R, SweeneyA, Choonara I, et al. Lorazepam versus diazepam in the acute treatment of epileptic seizures and status epilepticus. Dev Med Child Neurol 1995;37:682-8.
    • Appleton R, SweeneyA, Choonara I, et al. Lorazepam versus diazepam in the acute treatment of epileptic seizures and status epilepticus. Dev Med Child Neurol 1995;37:682-8.
  • 46
    • 84944968582 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind study of lorazepam and diazepam in status epilepticus
    • Leppik IE, Derivan AT, Homan RW, et al. Double-blind study of lorazepam and diazepam in status epilepticus. JAMA 1983;249:1452-4.
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.249 , pp. 1452-1454
    • Leppik, I.E.1    Derivan, A.T.2    Homan, R.W.3
  • 47
    • 0024460130 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and clinical use of benzodiazepines in the management of status epilepticus
    • Treiman DM. Pharmacokinetics and clinical use of benzodiazepines in the management of status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1989;30:S4-10.
    • (1989) Epilepsia , vol.30
    • Treiman, D.M.1
  • 48
    • 22544449536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of convulsive and nonconvulsive status epilepticus
    • Pang T, Hirsch LJ. Treatment of convulsive and nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2005;7:247-59.
    • (2005) Curr Treat Options Neurol , vol.7 , pp. 247-259
    • Pang, T.1    Hirsch, L.J.2
  • 49
    • 25144489634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus: An evidence based guide
    • Walker M. Status epilepticus: an evidence based guide. BMJ 2005;331 :673-7.
    • (2005) BMJ , vol.331 , pp. 673-677
    • Walker, M.1
  • 51
    • 22144451868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of buccal midazolam versus rectal diazepam for emergency treatment of seizures in children: A randomised controlled trial
    • McIntyre J, Robertson S, Norris E, et al. Safety and efficacy of buccal midazolam versus rectal diazepam for emergency treatment of seizures in children: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005;366:205-10.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 205-210
    • McIntyre, J.1    Robertson, S.2    Norris, E.3
  • 52
    • 0033056940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: A randomized trial
    • Scott RC, Besag FM, Neville BG. Buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence: a randomized trial. Lancet 1999;353:623-6.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 623-626
    • Scott, R.C.1    Besag, F.M.2    Neville, B.G.3
  • 53
    • 0033106086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of intramuscular midazolam for status epilepticus
    • Towne AR, DeLorenzo R. Use of intramuscular midazolam for status epilepticus. J Emerg Med 1999;17:323-8.
    • (1999) J Emerg Med , vol.17 , pp. 323-328
    • Towne, A.R.1    DeLorenzo, R.2
  • 54
    • 0032960749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home and hospital treatment of acute seizures in children with nasal midazolam
    • Jeannet PY, Roulet E, Maeder-Ingvar M, et al. Home and hospital treatment of acute seizures in children with nasal midazolam. Eur J Pediatr Neurol 1999;3:73-7.
    • (1999) Eur J Pediatr Neurol , vol.3 , pp. 73-77
    • Jeannet, P.Y.1    Roulet, E.2    Maeder-Ingvar, M.3
  • 55
    • 0033799614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is intranasal midazolam an effective rescue medication in adolescents and adults with severe epilepsy?
    • Scheepers M, Scheepers B, Clarke M, et al. Is intranasal midazolam an effective rescue medication in adolescents and adults with severe epilepsy? Seizure 2000;9:417-22.
    • (2000) Seizure , vol.9 , pp. 417-422
    • Scheepers, M.1    Scheepers, B.2    Clarke, M.3
  • 56
    • 23344443245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Buccal midazolam as an alternative to rectal diazepam for prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence
    • Body R, Ijaz M. Buccal midazolam as an alternative to rectal diazepam for prolonged seizures in childhood and adolescence. Emerg Med J 2005;22:364-5.
    • (2005) Emerg Med J , vol.22 , pp. 364-365
    • Body, R.1    Ijaz, M.2
  • 57
    • 0036898720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized evaluation of adverse events and length-of-stay with routine emergency department use of phenytoin or fosphenytoin
    • Coplin WM, Rhoney DH, Rebuck JA, et al. Randomized evaluation of adverse events and length-of-stay with routine emergency department use of phenytoin or fosphenytoin. Neurol Res 2002;24:842-8.
    • (2002) Neurol Res , vol.24 , pp. 842-848
    • Coplin, W.M.1    Rhoney, D.H.2    Rebuck, J.A.3
  • 58
    • 0034785446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the incidence of the purple glove syndrome
    • Burneo JG, Anandan JV, Barkley GL. A prospective study of the incidence of the purple glove syndrome. Epilepsia 2001;42:1156-9.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , pp. 1156-1159
    • Burneo, J.G.1    Anandan, J.V.2    Barkley, G.L.3
  • 59
    • 1442287104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of oral phenytoin, intravenous phenytoin, and intravenous fosphenytoin in the emergency department
    • Rudis MI, Touchette DR, Swadron SP, et al. Cost-effectiveness of oral phenytoin, intravenous phenytoin, and intravenous fosphenytoin in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 2004;43:386-97.
    • (2004) Ann Emerg Med , vol.43 , pp. 386-397
    • Rudis, M.I.1    Touchette, D.R.2    Swadron, S.P.3
  • 60
    • 1442270080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of phenytoin-loading techniques in the emergency department
    • Swadron SP, Rudis MI, Azi mian K, et al. A comparison of phenytoin-loading techniques in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 2004;11 :244-52.
    • (2004) Acad Emerg Med , vol.11 , pp. 244-252
    • Swadron, S.P.1    Rudis, M.I.2    Azi mian, K.3
  • 61
    • 0029946975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of fosphenytoin
    • Browne TR, Kugler AR, Eldon MA. Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of fosphenytoin. Neurology1996;46:S3-7.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46
    • Browne, T.R.1    Kugler, A.R.2    Eldon, M.A.3
  • 62
    • 27644553589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam in porphyric status epilepticus: A case report
    • Zaatreh MM. Levetiracetam in porphyric status epilepticus: a case report. Clin Neuropharmacol 2005;28:243-4.
    • (2005) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.28 , pp. 243-244
    • Zaatreh, M.M.1
  • 63
    • 0345169807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gabapenti n and propofol for treatment of status epilepticus in acute intermittent porphyria
    • Pandey CK, Singh N, Bose N, et al. Gabapenti n and propofol for treatment of status epilepticus in acute intermittent porphyria. J Postgrad Med 2003;49:285.
    • (2003) J Postgrad Med , vol.49 , pp. 285
    • Pandey, C.K.1    Singh, N.2    Bose, N.3
  • 65
    • 9244230648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full neurologic recovery after fulminant thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with status epilepticus
    • Beydoun A, Vanderzant C, Kutluay E, et al. Full neurologic recovery after fulminant thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with status epilepticus. Seizure 2004;13:549-52.
    • (2004) Seizure , vol.13 , pp. 549-552
    • Beydoun, A.1    Vanderzant, C.2    Kutluay, E.3
  • 66
    • 0029049053 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of magnesium sulphate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia
    • Lucas MJ, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. A comparison of magnesium sulphate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia. N Engl J Med 1995;33:201-5.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.33 , pp. 201-205
    • Lucas, M.J.1    Leveno, K.J.2    Cunningham, F.G.3
  • 67
    • 0043207366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holtkamp M, Masuhr F, H arms L, et al. The management of refractory generalised convulsive and complex partial status epilepticus in three European countries: a survey among epileptologists and critical care neuro logists. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry2003;74:1095-9.
    • Holtkamp M, Masuhr F, H arms L, et al. The management of refractory generalised convulsive and complex partial status epilepticus in three European countries: a survey among epileptologists and critical care neuro logists. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry2003;74:1095-9.
  • 68
    • 0038629351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of status epilepticus: A survey of neurologists
    • Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Mayer SA. Treatment of status epilepticus: a survey of neurologists. J Neurol Sci 2003;211 :37-41.
    • (2003) J Neurol Sci , vol.211 , pp. 37-41
    • Claassen, J.1    Hirsch, L.J.2    Mayer, S.A.3
  • 69
    • 0028914473 scopus 로고
    • The intensive care treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in the UK. Results of a national survey and recommendations
    • Walker MC, Smith SJ, Shorvon SD. The intensive care treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in the UK. Results of a national survey and recommendations. Anaesthesia 1995;50:130-5.
    • (1995) Anaesthesia , vol.50 , pp. 130-135
    • Walker, M.C.1    Smith, S.J.2    Shorvon, S.D.3
  • 70
    • 0035060590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propofol and midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus
    • Prasad A, Worrall BB, Bertram EH, et al. Propofol and midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. Epilepsia 2001;42:380-6.
    • (2001) Epilepsia , vol.42 , pp. 380-386
    • Prasad, A.1    Worrall, B.B.2    Bertram, E.H.3
  • 71
    • 3042737201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propofol treatment of refractory status epilepticus: A study of 31 episodes
    • Rossetti AO, Reichhart MD, Schaller MD, et al. Propofol treatment of refractory status epilepticus: a study of 31 episodes. Epilepsia 2004;45:757-63.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , vol.45 , pp. 757-763
    • Rossetti, A.O.1    Reichhart, M.D.2    Schaller, M.D.3
  • 72
    • 0036126003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: A systematic review
    • Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, et al. Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review. Epilepsia 2002;43:146-53.
    • (2002) Epilepsia , vol.43 , pp. 146-153
    • Claassen, J.1    Hirsch, L.J.2    Emerson, R.G.3
  • 73
    • 0028169642 scopus 로고
    • High dose intravenous lorazepam for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus
    • Labar DR, Ali A, Root J. High dose intravenous lorazepam for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. Neurology1994;44:1400- 3.
    • (1994) Neurology , vol.44 , pp. 1400-1403
    • Labar, D.R.1    Ali, A.2    Root, J.3
  • 74
    • 4043177095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with inhalational anesthetic agents isoflurane and desflurane
    • Mirsattari SM, Sharpe MD, Young GB. Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with inhalational anesthetic agents isoflurane and desflurane. Arch Neurol 2004;61 :1254-9.
    • (2004) Arch Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 1254-1259
    • Mirsattari, S.M.1    Sharpe, M.D.2    Young, G.B.3
  • 75
    • 20544434626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium-channel blocker verapamil administration in prolonged and refractory status epilepticus
    • Iannetti P, Spalice A, Parisi P. Calcium-channel blocker verapamil administration in prolonged and refractory status epilepticus. Epilepsia 2005;46:967-9.
    • (2005) Epilepsia , vol.46 , pp. 967-969
    • Iannetti, P.1    Spalice, A.2    Parisi, P.3
  • 76
    • 22944478006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of refractory status epilepticus precipitated by anticonvulsant withdrawal using left vagal nerve stimulation: A case report
    • Patwardhan RV, Dellab adia J Jr, Rashidi M, et al. Control of refractory status epilepticus precipitated by anticonvulsant withdrawal using left vagal nerve stimulation: a case report. Surg Neurol 2005;64:170-3.
    • (2005) Surg Neurol , vol.64 , pp. 170-173
    • Patwardhan, R.V.1    Dellab adia Jr, J.2    Rashidi, M.3
  • 77
    • 4043061566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with hemispherectomy
    • Duane DC, Ng YT, Rekate HL, et al. Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with hemispherectomy. Epilepsia 2004;45:1001-4.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , vol.45 , pp. 1001-1004
    • Duane, D.C.1    Ng, Y.T.2    Rekate, H.L.3
  • 78
    • 0035017458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurosurgical treatment of medically intractable status epilepticus
    • Ma X, Liporace J, O'Connor MJ, et al. Neurosurgical treatment of medically intractable status epilepticus. Epilepsy Res 2001;46:33-8.
    • (2001) Epilepsy Res , vol.46 , pp. 33-38
    • Ma, X.1    Liporace, J.2    O'Connor, M.J.3
  • 79
    • 12444347841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of rapid IV administration of valproic acid for status epilepticus
    • Limdi NA, Shimpi AV, Faught E, et al. Efficacy of rapid IV administration of valproic acid for status epilepticus. Neurology 2005;64:353-5.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , pp. 353-355
    • Limdi, N.A.1    Shimpi, A.V.2    Faught, E.3
  • 80
    • 15844425971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous valproate as an innovative therapy in seizure emergency situations including status epilepticus-experience in 102 adult patients
    • Peters CN, Pohlmann-Eden B. Intravenous valproate as an innovative therapy in seizure emergency situations including status epilepticus-experience in 102 adult patients. Seizure 2005;14:164-9.
    • (2005) Seizure , vol.14 , pp. 164-169
    • Peters, C.N.1    Pohlmann-Eden, B.2
  • 81
    • 0034754829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous valproate in status epilepticus
    • Hodges BM, Mazur JE. Intravenous valproate in status epilepticus. Ann Pharmacother 2001 ;35:1465-70.
    • (2001) Ann Pharmacother , vol.35 , pp. 1465-1470
    • Hodges, B.M.1    Mazur, J.E.2
  • 82
    • 0033010127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of rapid intravenous infusion of valproate loading doses in epilepsy patients
    • Venkataraman V, Wheless JW. Safety of rapid intravenous infusion of valproate loading doses in epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Res 1999;35:147-53.
    • (1999) Epilepsy Res , vol.35 , pp. 147-153
    • Venkataraman, V.1    Wheless, J.W.2
  • 83
    • 0037469169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of topiramate in refractory status epilepticus
    • Towne AR, Garnett LK, Waterhouse EJ, et al. The use of topiramate in refractory status epilepticus. Neurology2003;60:332- 4.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , pp. 332-334
    • Towne, A.R.1    Garnett, L.K.2    Waterhouse, E.J.3
  • 84
    • 0346787771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topiramate and status epilepticus: Report of three cases
    • Bensalem MK, Fakhoury TA. Topiramate and status epilepticus: report of three cases. Epilepsy Behav 2003;4:757-60.
    • (2003) Epilepsy Behav , vol.4 , pp. 757-760
    • Bensalem, M.K.1    Fakhoury, T.A.2
  • 85
    • 24944571393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levetiracetam in the treatment of status epilepticus in adults: A study of 13 episodes
    • Rossetti AO, Bromfield EB. Levetiracetam in the treatment of status epilepticus in adults: a study of 13 episodes. Eur Neurol 2005;54:34-8.
    • (2005) Eur Neurol , vol.54 , pp. 34-38
    • Rossetti, A.O.1    Bromfield, E.B.2
  • 86
    • 0026503657 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal pyramidal cell loss in human status epilepticus
    • DeGiorgio CM, Tomiyasu U, Gott PS, et al. Hippocampal pyramidal cell loss in human status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1992;33:23-7.
    • (1992) Epilepsia , vol.33 , pp. 23-27
    • DeGiorgio, C.M.1    Tomiyasu, U.2    Gott, P.S.3
  • 88
    • 0026498209 scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus in children, adults and the elderly
    • DeLorenzo RJ, Towne AR, Pellock JM, et al. Status epilepticus in children, adults and the elderly. Epilepsia 1992;33:515-25.
    • (1992) Epilepsia , vol.33 , pp. 515-525
    • DeLorenzo, R.J.1    Towne, A.R.2    Pellock, J.M.3
  • 89
    • 0028349759 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of mortality in status epilepticus
    • Towne A, Pellock J, Ko D, et al. Determinants of mortality in status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1994;35:27-34.
    • (1994) Epilepsia , vol.35 , pp. 27-34
    • Towne, A.1    Pellock, J.2    Ko, D.3
  • 90
    • 0028151042 scopus 로고
    • Generalised convulsive status epilepticus: Causes, therapy and outcome in 346 patients
    • Scholtes FB, Renier WO, Meinardi H. Generalised convulsive status epilepticus: causes, therapy and outcome in 346 patients. Epilepsia 1994;35:1104-12.
    • (1994) Epilepsia , vol.35 , pp. 1104-1112
    • Scholtes, F.B.1    Renier, W.O.2    Meinardi, H.3
  • 91
    • 0032133234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity of nonfebrile status epilepticus in Rochester, Minnesota, 1965-1984
    • Cascino GD, Hesdorffer D, Logroscino G, et al. Morbidity of nonfebrile status epilepticus in Rochester, Minnesota, 1965-1984. Epilepsia 1998;39:829-34.
    • (1998) Epilepsia , vol.39 , pp. 829-834
    • Cascino, G.D.1    Hesdorffer, D.2    Logroscino, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.