Sodium azide, a bacteriostatic preservative contained in commercially available laboratory reagents, influences the responses of human platelets via the cGMP/PKG/VASP pathway

Clinical Biochemistry

Volumn 41, Issue 4-5, 2008, Pages 343-349

  Russo, Isabella ^a   Del Mese, Paola ^a   Viretto, Michela ^a   Doronzo, Gabriella ^a   Mattiello, Luigi ^a   Trovati, Mariella ^a   Anfossi, Giovanni ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

cGMP dependent protein kinase; Cyclic GMP; Nitric oxide; Platelet aggregation; Platelets; Sodium azide; Vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP)

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE; COLLAGEN; CYCLIC GMP; CYCLIC GMP DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; GUANYLATE CYCLASE; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; PRESERVATIVE; REAGENT; SERINE; SODIUM AZIDE; VASODILATOR STIMULATED PHOSPHOPROTEIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BACTERIOSTASIS; BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INHIBITION; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; IC 50; IN VITRO STUDY; INCUBATION TIME; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; THROMBOCYTE; THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATION; THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATION INHIBITION; THROMBOCYTE FUNCTION; VASCULAR TISSUE;

ADULT; CELL ADHESION MOLECULES; CYCLIC GMP; CYCLIC GMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MICROFILAMENT PROTEINS; NITRIC OXIDE; PHOSPHOPROTEINS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PLATELET AGGREGATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SODIUM AZIDE;

EID: 39049133431     PISSN: 00099120     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.10.012     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Chang S., and Lamm S.H. Human health effects of sodium azide exposure: a literature review and analysis. Int J Toxicol 22 (2003) 175-186
2. Smith R.P., and Wilcox D.E. Toxicology of selected nitric oxide-donating xenobiotics, with particular reference to azide. Crit Rev Toxicol 24 (1994) 355-377
3. Swafford A.N., Bratz I.N., Knudson J.D., Rogers P.A., Timmerman J.M., Tune J.D., and Dick G.M. C-reactive protein does not relax vascular smooth muscle: effects mediated by sodium azide in commercially available preparations. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 288 (2005) H1786-H1795
4. van den Berg C.W., Taylor K.E., and Lang D. C-reactive protein-induced in vitro vasorelaxation is an artefact caused by the presence of sodium azide in commercial preparations. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24 (2004) 168-171
5. Liu C., Wang S., Deb A., Nath K.A., Katusic Z.S., McConnell J.P., and Caplice N.M. Proapoptotic, antimigratory, antiproliferative, and antiangiogenic effects of commercial C-reactive protein on various human endothelial cell types in vitro. Implications of contaminating presence of sodium azide in commercial preparations. Circ Res 97 (2005) 135-143
6. Lafuente N., Azcutia V., Matesanz N., Cercas E., Rodriguez-Manas L., Sanchez-Ferrer L.F., and Peiro C. Evidence for sodium azide as an artifact mediating the modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase by C-reactive protein. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 45 (2005) 193-196
7. Doronzo G., Russo I., Mattiello L., Trovati M., and Anfossi G. C-reactive protein increases matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression and activity in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells. J Lab Clin Med 146 (2005) 287-298
8. Doronzo G., Russo I., Trovati M., and Anfossi G. Sodium azide in commercially available C-reactive protein preparations does not influence matrix metalloproteinase-2 synthesis and release in cultured human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. Clin Chem 52 (2006) 1200-1201
9. Murad F., Waldman S., Molina C., Bennett B., and Leitman D. Regulation and role of guanylate cyclase-cyclic GMP in vascular relaxation. Prog Clin Biol Res 249 (1987) 65-76
10. Murad F. Nitric oxide and cyclic GMP in cell signalling and drug development. N Engl J Med 335 (2006) 2003-2011
11. Qamirani E., Razavi H.M., Wu X., Davis M.J., Kuo L., and Hein T.W. Sodium azide dilates coronary arterioles via activation of inward K+ channels and Na+-K+-ATPase. Am J Physiol Heart Physiol 290 (2006) H1617-H1623
12. Shahidullah M., Duncan A., Strachan P.D., et al. Role of catalase in the smooth muscle relaxant actions of sodium azide and cyanamide. Eur J Pharmacol 435 (2002) 93-101
13. Schwarz U.R., Walter U., and Eigenthaler M. Taming platelets with cyclic nucleotides. Biochem Pharmacol 62 (2001) 1153-1161
14. Radomski M.W., and Moncada S. The biological and pharmacological role of nitric oxide in platelet function. Adv Exp Med Biol 344 (1993) 251-264
15. Stibbe J., and Holmsen H. Effects of sodium azide on platelet function. Thromb Haemost 38 (1977) 1042-1053
16. Hedin H.L.M., Eriksson S., and Fowler C.J. Rapid inhibition by sodium azide of the phosphoinositide-mediated calcium response to serotonin stimulation in human platelets: preservation in Alzheimer's Disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 274 (2000) 472-476
17. Haslam R.J., Dickinson N.T., and Jang E.K. Cyclic nucleotides and phosphodiesterases in platelets. Thromb Haemost 82 (1999) 412-423
18. Schlossmann J., Ammendola A., Ashman K., et al. Regulation of intracellular calcium by a signalling complex of IRAG, IP3 receptor and cGMP kinase Ibeta. Nature 404 (2000) 197-201
19. Ammendola A., Geiselhöringer A., Hofmann F., and Schlossmann J. Molecular determinants of the interaction between the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-associated cGMP kinase substrate (IRAG) and cGMP kinase Ibeta. J Biol Chem 276 (2001) 24153-24159
20. Russo I., Doronzo G., De Salve A., Mattiello L., Trovati M., and Anfossi G. The activity of constitutive nitric oxide synthase is increased by the pathway cAMP/cAMP-activated protein kinase in human platelets. New insights into the antiaggregating effects of cAMP-elevating agents. Thromb Res 114 (2004) 265-273
21. Li Z., Xi X., Gu M., et al. A stimulatory role for cGMP-dependent protein kinase in platelet activation. Cell 112 (2003) 77-86
22. Stojanivic A., Marjanovic J.A., Brovkovych V.M., Peng X., Hay N., Skidgel R.A., and Du X. A phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT-nitric oxide-cGMP signaling pathway in stimulating platelet secretion and aggregation. J Biol Chem 281 (2006) 16333-16339
23. Born G.V.R. Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal. Nature 194 (1962) 927-929
24. Palmer R.M.J., and Moncada S. A novel citrulline-forming enzyme implicated in the formation of nitric oxide by vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 158 (1989) 348-353
25. 2-Adrenoceptors activate nitric oxide synthase in human platelets. Circ Res 87 (2000) 39-44
26. Waldmann R., Nieberding M., and Walter U. Vasodilator-stimulated protein phosphorylation in platelets is mediated by cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases. Eur J Biochem 167 (1987) 441-448
27. Butt E., Abel K., Krieger M., Palm D., Hoppe V., and Walter U. cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites of the focal adhesion vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) in vitro and in intact human platelets. J Biol Chem 269 (1994) 14509-14517
28. VanUffelen B.E., Van der Zee J., de Koster B.N., VanSteveninck J., and Elferink J.G.R. Sodium azide enhances neutrophil migration and exocytosis: involvement of nitric oxide, cyclic GMP and calcium. Life Sci 63 (1998) 645-657
29. Kimura H., Mittal C.K., and Murad F. Increases in cyclic GMP levels in brain and liver with sodium azide an activator of guanylate cyclase. Nature 257 (1975) 700-702
30. Katsuki S., Arnold W.P., and Murad F. Effect of sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, and sodium azide on levels of cyclic nucleotides and mechanical activity of various tissues. J Cycl Nucleotide Res 3 (1977) 239-247
31. Murad F., Mittal C.K., Arnold W.P., Katsuki S., and Kimura H. Guanylate cyclase: activation by azide, nitro compounds, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals and inhibition by haemoglobin and myoglobin. Adv Cycl Nucleotide Res 9 (1978) 145-158
32. Mittal C.K., Kimuro H., and Murad F. Purification and properties of a protein required for sodium azide activation of guanylate cyclase. J Biol Chem 252 (1977) 4384-4390
33. Antl M., von Bruhl M.-L., Eiglsperger C., et al. IRAG mediates NO/cGMP-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. Blood 109 (2007) 552-559
34. Tomasiak M., Stelmach H., Rusak T., and Wysocka J. Nitric oxide and platelet energy metabolism. Acta Biochim Pol 53 (2004) 789-803
35. Rusak T., Tomasiak M., and Ciborowski M. Peroxynitrite can affect platelet responses by inhibiting energy production. Acta Biochim Pol 53 (2006) 769-776