Open Repair of Ventral Incisional Hernias

Surgical Clinics of North America

Volumn 88, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 61-83

  Shell IV, Dan H ^a   de la Torre, Jorge ^a   Andrades, Patricio ^a,b   Vasconez, Luis O ^a  

^a Kentucky   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORT; ABDOMINAL WALL HERNIA; ANEURYSM; BIOPROSTHESIS; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPONENTS SEPARATION TECHNIQUE; CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY; FLAP RECONSTRUCTION; HERNIOPLASTY; HISTORY; HUMAN; IATROGENIC DISEASE; INCISIONAL HERNIA; INTESTINE OBSTRUCTION; KIDNEY FAILURE; LAPAROTOMY; MALNUTRITION; MESH REPAIR; NAUSEA; OBESITY; OPEN REPAIR; PRIMARY SUTURE REPAIR; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATISM; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING; SURGICAL APPROACH; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TISSUE EXPANSION; VENTRAL INCISIONAL HERNIA;

HERNIA, VENTRAL; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LAPAROTOMY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES; SURGICAL MESH; SUTURE TECHNIQUES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 38949160462     PISSN: 00396109     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2007.10.008     Document Type: Review

References (161)

1. Bucknall T.E., Cox P.J., and Ellis H. Burst abdomen and incisional hernia: a prospective study of 1129 major laparotomies. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 284 6364 (1982) 519-520
2. George C.D., and Ellis H. The results of incisional hernia repair: a twelve year review. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 68 4 (1986 Jul) 185-187
3. Luijendijk R.W., Hop W.C., Van den Tol M.P., et al. A comparison of suture repair with mesh repair for incisional hernia. N Engl J Med 343 6 (2000) 392-398
4. Burger J.W., Luijendijk R.W., Hop W.C., et al. Long term follow up of a randomized controlled trial of suture versus mesh repair of incisonal hernia. Ann Surg 240 4 (2004) 578-583 [discussion: 583-5]
5. Mudge M., and Hughes L.E. Incisional hernia: a ten year prospective study of incidence and attitudes. Br J Surg 72 (1985) 70-71
6. Langer S., and Christiansen J. Long-term results after incisional hernia repair. Acta Chir Scand 151 (1985) 217-219
7. Anthony T., Bergen P.C., and Kim L.T. Factors affecting recurrence following incisional herniorrhaphy. World J Surg 24 1 (2000) 95-101
8. Leber G.E., Garb J.L., Alexander A.J., et al. Long term complications associated with prosthetic repair of incisional hernias. Arch Surg 133 4 (1998) 378-382
9. Read R.C., and Yoder G. Recent trends in management of incisional herniation. Arch Surg 124 (1989) 485-488
10. Santora T.A., and Rosalyn J.J. Incisional hernia. Surg Clin North Am 73 (1993) 557-570
11. Millikan K.W. Incisional hernia repair. Surg Clin North Am 83 (2003) 1223-1234
12. Duepree H.J., Senagore A.J., Delaney C.P., et al. Does means of access affect the incidence of small bowel obstruction and ventral hernia after bowel resection? Laparoscopy versus laparotomy. J Am Coll Surg 197 2 (2003) 177-181
13. Rutkow I.M. Epidemiologic, economic and sociologic aspects of hernia surgery in the United States in the 1990s. Surg Clin North Am 78 (1998) 941-951
14. Hesselink V.J., Luijendijk R.W., De Wilt J.H., et al. An evaluation of risk factors in incisional hernia recurrence. Surg Gynecol Obstet 176 3 (1993) 228-234
15. Gecim I.E., Kocak S., Ersoz S., et al. Recurrence after incisional hernia repair: results and risk factors. Surg Today 26 8 (1996) 607-609
16. Sorenson L.T., Hemmingsen U.B., Kirkeby L.T., et al. Smoking is a risk factor for incisional hernia. Arch Surg 140 2 (2005) 119-123
17. Sugerman H.J., Kellum Jr. J.M., Reines H.D., et al. Greater risk of incisional hernia with morbidly obese than steroid-dependent patients and low recurrence with prefascial polypropylene mesh. Am J Surg 171 1 (1996) 80-84
18. Koller R., Miholic J., and Jakl R.J. Repair of incisional hernias with polytetrafluoroethylene. Eur J Surg 163 4 (1997) 261-266
19. Lamont P.M., and Ellis H. Incisional hernia in re-opened abdomens: an overlooked risk factor. Br J Surg 75 4 (1988) 374-376
20. Makela J.T., Kiviniemi H., Juvonen T., et al. Factors influencing wound dehiscence after midline laparotomy. Am J Surg 170 4 (1995) 387-390
21. Carlson M.A., Ludwig K.A., and Condon R.E. Ventral hernia and other complications of 1,000 midline laparotomies. South Med J 88 4 (1995) 450-453
22. Raffetto J.D., Cheung Y., Fisher J.B., et al. Incision and abdominal wall hernias in patients with aneurysm or occlusive aortic disease. J Vasc Surg 37 (2003) 1150-1154
23. Condon R.E. Ventral abdominal hernia. In: Baker R.J., and Fischer J.E. (Eds). Mastery of surgery. 4th edition (2001), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
24. Brolin R.E. Prospective, randomized evaluation of midline fascial closure in gastric bypass operations. Am J Surg 172 4 (1996) 328-331
25. Thompson W.R., Amaral J.F., Caldwell M.D., et al. Complications and weight loss in 150 consecutive gastric exclusion patients: critical review. Am J Surg 146 5 (1983) 602-612
26. Yale C.E. Gastric surgery for morbid obesity: complications and long-term weight control. Arch Surg 124 8 (1989) 941-946
27. Adye B., and Luna G. Incidence of abdominal wall hernia in aortic surgery. Am J Surg 175 5 (1998) 400-402
28. Stevick C.A., Long J.B., Jamasbi B., et al. Ventral hernia following abdominal aortic reconstruction. Am Surg 54 5 (1988) 287-289
29. Johnson B., Sharp R., and Thursby P. Incisional hernias: incidence following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 36 5 (1995) 487-490
30. Si Z., Bhardwaj R., Rosch R., et al. Impaired balance of type I and type III procollagen mRNA in cultured fibroblasts of patients with incisional hernia. Surgery 131 3 (2002) 324-331
31. Playforth M.J., Sauven P.D., Evans M., et al. The prediction of incisional hernia by radio-opaque markers. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 68 2 (1986) 82-84
32. Poole Jr. G.V. Mechanical factors in abdominal wound closure: the prevention of fascial dehiscence. Surgery 97 6 (1985) 631-640
33. Hodgson N.C., Malthaner R.A., and Østbye T. The search for an ideal method of fascial closure: a meta-analysis. Ann Surg 231 3 (2000) 436-442
34. Jenkins T.P. The burst abdominal wound: a mechanical approach. Br J Surg 63 11 (1976) 873-876
35. Trimbos J.B., and van Rooij J. Amount of suture material needed for continuous or interrupted wound closure: an experimental study. Eur J Surg 159 3 (1993) 141-143
36. Cassar K., and Munro A. Surgical treatment of incisional hernia. Br J Surg 89 (2002) 534-545
37. Abrahamsom J., and Eldar S. Abdominal incision. Lancet 1 8642 (1989) 847
38. Grevious M.A., Cohen M., Shah S.R., et al. Structural and functional anatomy of the abdominal wall. Clin Plast Surg 33 (2006) 169-179
39. Puckree T., Cerny F., and Bishop B. Abdominal motor unit activity during respiratory and nonrespiratory tasks. J Appl Physiol 84 5 (1998) 1707-1715
40. Misuri G., Colagrande S., and Gorini M. In vivo ultrasound assessment of respiratory function of abdominal muscles in normal subjects. Eur Respir J 10 12 (1997) 2861-2867
41. Myrinkas S.E., Beith I.D., and Harrison P.J. Stretch reflexes in the rectus abdominus muscle in man. Exp Physiol 85 4 (2000) 445-450
42. Blondeel N., Vanderstraeten G.G., and Monstrey S.J. The donor site morbidity of free DIEP flaps and free TRAM flaps in breast reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg 50 5 (1997) 322-330
43. Toranto I.R. Resolution of back pain with wide abdominal rectus plication abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 85 4 (1990) 545-555
44. Gracovetsky S., Farfan H., and Helleur C. The abdominal mechanism. Spine 10 4 (1985) 317-324
45. Lam K.S., and Mehdian H. The importance of an intact abdominal musculature mechanism in maintaining spinal sagittal balance: case illustration in prune-belly syndrome. Spine 24 7 (1999) 712-722
46. Ramirez O.M., Ruas E., and Dellon L. "Components separation" method for closure of abdominal-wall defects: an anatomic and clinical study. Plast Reconstr Surg 86 3 (1990) 521-526
47. Wantz G.E. Incisional hernia: the problem and the cure. J Am Coll Surg 188 4 (1999) 433-447
48. Core G.B., and Grotting J.C. Reoperative surgery of the abdominal wall. In: Grotting J.C. (Ed). Aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery (1995), Quality Medical Publishing, Incorporated, St Louis (MO) 1327-1375
49. Rohrich R.J., Lowe J.B., Baty J.D., et al. An algorithm for abdominal wall reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 105 1 (2000) 202-216
50. DiBello Jr. J.N., and Moore Jr. J.H. Sliding myofascial flap of rectus abdominus muscles for the closure of recurrent ventral hernias. Plast Reconstr Surg 98 3 (1996) 464-469
51. Nguyen V., and Shestak K.C. Separation of anatomic components method of abdominal wall reconstruction: clinical outcome analysis and an update of surgical modifications using the technique. Clin Plast Surg 33 (2006) 247-257
52. Van der Linden F.T., and van Vroonhoven T.J. Long term results after surgical correction of incisional hernia. Neth J Surg 40 (1988) 127-143
53. Sauerland S., Schmedt C.G., Lein S., et al. Primary incisional herniarepair with or without polypropylene mesh: a report on 384 patients with 5 year follow up. Langenbecks Arch Surg 390 5 (2005) 408-412
54. Al-Salamah S.M., Hussain M.I., Khalid K., et al. Suture vs mesh repair for incisional hernia. Saudi Med J 27 5 (2006) 652-656
55. Girotto J.A., Chiaramonte M., Menon N.G., et al. Recalcitrant abdominal wall hernias: long term results of autologous tissue repair. Plast Reconstr Surg 112 1 (2003) 106-114
56. Korenkov M., Paul A., Sauerland S., et al. Classification and surgical treatment: results of an experts' meeting. Langenbecks Arch Surg 386 (2001) 65-73
57. Flum D.R., Horvath K., and Koepsell T. Have outcomes with incisional hernia repair improved with time? A population-based analysis. Ann Surg 237 1 (2003) 129-135
58. Voeller G.R., Ramshaw B., Park A.E., et al. Incisional hernia. J Am Coll Surg 189 6 (1999) 635-637
59. Grevious M.A., Cohen M., Jean-Pierre F., et al. The use of prosthetics in abdominal wall reconstruction. Clin Plast Surg 33 (2006) 181-197
60. Klosterhalfen B., Rosch R., and Junge K. Long term inertness of meshes. In: Schumpelick N.L. (Ed). Meshes: benefits and risks (2004), Springer, Berlin 170-178
61. Cobb W.S., Kercher K.W., and Heniford B.T. The argument for lightweight polypropylene mesh in hernia repair. Surg Innov 12 1 (2005) T1-T7
62. Usher F.C., Ochsner J., and Tuttle Jr. L.L. Use of Marlex mesh in the repair of incisional hernias. Am Surg 24 (1958) 969-974
63. Stelzner F. Function of the abdominal wall and development and therapy of hernias. Langenbecks Arch Chir 379 2 (1994) 109-119
64. McCarthy J.D., and Twiest M.W. Intraperitoneal polypropylene mesh support of incisional herniorrhaphy. Am J Surg 142 (1981) 707-711
65. Matapurkar B.G., Gupta A.K., and Agarwal A.K. A new technique of "marlex peritoneal sandwich" in the repair of large incisional hernias. World J Surg 15 (1991) 768-770
66. Temudom T., Siadati M., and Sarr M.G. Repair of complex giant or recurrent ventral hernias by using tension-free intraparietal prosthetic mesh (Stoppa technique): lessons learned from our initial experience (fifty patients). Surgery 120 (1996) 738-743
67. Gillion J.F., Begin G.F., Marecos C., et al. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene patches used in the intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal position for repair on incisional hernias of the anterolateral abdominal wall. Am J Surg 174 (1997) 16-19
68. McLanahan D., King L.T., Weems C., et al. Retrorectus prosthetic mesh repair of midline abdominal hernia. Am J Surg 173 (1997) 445-449
69. Balen E.M., Diez-Caballero A., Hernandez-Lizoain J.L., et al. Repair of ventral hernias using expanded polytetrafluoroethylene patch. Br J Surg 85 (1998) 1415-1418
70. Turkcapar A.G., Yerdel M.A., Aydinuraz K., et al. Repair of midline incisional hernias using polypropylene grafts. Surg Today 28 (1998) 59-63
71. Arnaud J.P., Tuech J.J., Pessaux P., et al. Surgical treatment of postoperative incisional hernia by intraperitoneal insertion of Dacron mesh and an aponeurotic graft: a report of 250 cases. Arch Surg 134 (1999) 1260-1262
72. Bauer J.J., Kreel I., and Gelernt I.M. Twelve year experience with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene in the repair of abdominal defects. Mt Sinai Med J 66 1 (1999) 20-25
73. Utrera Gonzalez A., de la Portilla de Juan F., and Carranza Albarran G. Large incisional hernia repair using intraperitoneal placement of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. Am J Surg 177 (1999) 291-293
74. Chrysos E., Athanasakis E., Saridaki Z., et al. Surgical repair of incisional ventral hernias: tension free technique using prosthetic materials (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene Goretex dual mesh). Am Surg 66 (2000) 679-682
75. Martin-Duce A., Noguerales F., Villeta R., et al. Modifications to Rives technique for midline incisional hernia repair. Hernia 5 (2001) 70-72
76. Chevrel J.P., and Rath A.M. The use of fibrin glues in the surgical treatment of incisional hernias. Hernia 1 (1997) 9-14
77. Larson G.M. Plastic mesh repair of incisional hernias. Am J Surg 135 (1978) 559-563
78. Stoppe R.E. Treatment of complicated groin and incisional hernias. World J Surg 13 (1989) 545-554
79. Rives J., Pire J.C., Flement J.P., et al. Major incisional hernia. In: Chevrel J.P. (Ed). Surgery of the abdominal wall (1987), Springer-Verlag, New York 116-144
80. Klinge U., Klosterhalfen B., Conze J., et al. Modified mesh for hernia repair that is adapted to the physiology of the abdominal wall. Eur J Surg 164 12 (1998) 951-960
81. Klinge U., Conze B., Klosterhalfen B., et al. Changes in abdominal wall mechanics after mesh implantation: experimental changes in mesh stability. Langenbecks Arch Chir 381 6 (1996) 323-332
82. Millikan K.W., Baptista M., Amin B., et al. Intraperitoneal underlay ventral hernia repair utilizing bilayer ePTFE and polypropylene mesh. Am Surg 69 (2003) 258-263
83. Carbajo M.A., Martin del Olmo J.C., Blanco J.I., et al. Laparoscopic treatment versus open surgery in the solution of major incisional and abdominal wall hernias with mesh. Surg Endosc 13 (1999) 250-252
84. Ramshaw B.J., Schwab J., Mason E.M., et al. Comparison of laparoscopic and open ventral herniorrhaphy. Am Surg 65 (1999) 827-831
85. Park A., Burch D.W., and Lovrics P. Laparoscopic and open incisional hernioplasty. Surg Endosc 11 (1997) 32-35
86. Heniford B.T., Park A., Ramshaw B.J., et al. Laparoscopic ventral and incisional hernia repair in 407 patients. J Am Coll Surg 190 (2000) 645-650
87. Heniford B.T., Park A., Ramshaw B.J., et al. Laparoscopic repair of ventral hernias: nine years' experience with 850 consecutive cases. Ann Surg 238 (2003) 391-400
88. Cobb IV W., Harris J.B., Lokey J.S., et al. Incisional herniorrhaphy with intraperitoneal composite mesh: a report of 95 cases. Am Surg 69 9 (2003) 784-787
89. Carlson G., et al. Abdominal wall reconstruction. In: Achauer B.M., Eriksson E., and Guturon B. (Eds). Plastic surgery: indications, operations, and outcomes (2004), Mosby, St Louis (MO) 563-574
90. Jones J.W., and Jurkovich G.J. Polypropylene mesh closure of infected abdominal wounds. Am Surg 55 (1989) 73-76
91. Kelly M.E., and Behrman S.W. The safety and efficacy of prosthetic hernia repair in clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds. Am Surg 68 6 (2002) 524-528 [discussion: 528-9]
92. Law N.W. A comparison of polypropylene mesh and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for repair of contaminated abdominal wall defects: an experimental study. Surgery 109 5 (1991) 652-655
93. Robertson J.D., de la Torre J.I., Gardner P.M., et al. Abdominoplasty repair for abdominal wall hernias. Ann Plast Surg 51 (2003) 10-16
94. Badylak S.F., Kokini K., Tullius B., et al. Morphologic study of small intestinal submucosa as a body wall repair device. J Surg Res 103 (2002) 190-202
95. Buinewicz B., and Rosen B. Acellular cadaveric dermis (Alloderm): a new alternative for abdominal hernia repair. Ann Plast Surg 52 (2004) 188-194
96. Butler C.E., Langstein H.N., and Kornowitz S.J. Pelvic, abdominal, and chest wall reconstruction with Alloderm in patients at increased risk for mesh-related complications. Plast Reconstr Surg 116 (2005) 1263-1275
97. Espinosa-de-los-Monteros A., de la Torre J.I., Marrero I., et al. Utilization of human cadaveric acellular dermis for abdominal hernia reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 58 (2007) 264-267
98. Adedeji O.A., Bailey C.A., and Varma J.S. Porcine dermal collagen graft in abdominal wall reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg 55 (2002) 85-86
99. Shell IV D.H., Croce M.A., Cagiannos C., et al. Comparison of small-intestinal submucosa and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene as a vascular conduit in the presence of gram-positive contamination. Ann Surg 241 6 (2005) 995-1001 [discussion: 1001-4]
100. Jernigan T.W., Croce M.A., and Cagiannos C. Small intestinal submucosa for vascular reconstruction in the presence of gastrointestinal contamination. Ann Surg 239 5 (2004) 733-738 [discussion: 738-40]
101. Butler C.E. The role of bioprosthetics in abdominal wall reconstruction. Clin Plast Surg 33 (2006) 199-211
102. Ueno T., Pickett L.C., de la Fuente S.G., et al. Clinical application of porcine small intestinal submucosa in the management of infected or potentially contaminated abdominal defects. J Gastrointest Surg 8 (2004) 109-112
103. Helton W.S., Fisichella P.M., Berger R., et al. Short term outcomes with small intestinal submucosa for ventral abdominal hernia. Arch Surg 140 (2005) 549-562
104. Choe J.M., Kothandapani R., James L., et al. Autologous, cadaveric, and synthetic materials used in sling surgery: comparative biomechanical analysis. Urology 58 (2001) 482-486
105. Silverman R.P., Li E.N., Holton III L.H., et al. Ventral hernia repair using allogenic acellular dermal matrix in a swine model. Hernia 8 (2004) 336-342
106. Butler C.E., and Prieto V.G. Reduction of adhesions with composite Alloderm/polypropylene mesh implants for abdominal wall reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 114 (2004) 464-473
107. Balique J.G., Bouillot J.L., Flament J.B., et al. Intraperitoneal treatment of incisional and umbilical hernias using an innovative composite mesh: four year results of a prospective multicenter clinical trial. Hernia 9 (2005) 68-74
108. Vasconez L.O., Lejour M., and Gamboa-Babadilla M. Atlas of breast reconstruction (1991), JB Lippincott, Philadelphia
109. Shestak K.C., Edington H.J., and Johnson R.R. The separation of anatomic components technique for the reconstruction of massive midline abdominal wall defects: anatomy, surgical technique, applications, and limitations revisited. Plast Reconstr Surg 105 2 (2000) 731-738
110. Ramirez O.M. Inception and evolution of the components separation technique: personal recollections. Clin Plast Surg 33 (2006) 241-246
111. Fabian T.C., Croce M.A., and Pritchard F.E. Planned ventral hernia: staged management for acute abdominal wall defects. Ann Surg 219 6 (1994) 643-650 [discussion: 651]
112. Jernigan T.W., Fabian T.C., and Croce M.A. Staged management of giant abdominal wall defects: acute and long term results. Ann Surg 238 3 (2003) 349-355
113. Hultman C.S., Pratt B., and Cairns B.A. Multi-disciplinary approach to abdominal wall reconstruction after decompressive laparotomy for abdominal compartment syndrome. Ann Plast Surg 54 3 (2005) 269-275
114. Vargo D. Component separation in the management of the difficult abdominal wall. Am J Surg 188 6 (2004) 633-637
115. Howdieshell T.R., Proctor C.D., and Sternberg E. Temporary abdominal closure followed by definitive abdominal wall reconstruction of the open abdomen. Am J Surg 188 3 (2004) 301-306
116. Lowe III J.B., Lowe J.B., and Baty J.D. Risks associated with components separation for closure of complex abdominal wall defects. Plast Reconstr Surg 111 3 (2003) 1276-1283 [discussion: 1286-8]
117. Lindsey J.T. Abdominal wall partitioning (the accordion effect) for reconstruction of major defects: a retrospective review of 10 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 112 2 (2003) 477-485
118. Ewart C.J., Lankford A.B., and Gamboa M.G. Successful closure of abdominal wall hernias using the components separation technique. Ann Plast Surg 50 3 (2003) 269-273 [discussion: 273-4]
119. de Vries Reileigh T.S. Components separation technique for the repair of large abdominal wall hernias. J Am Coll Surg 196 1 (2003) 32-37
120. Losanoff J.E., Richman B.W., and Sauter E.R. Component separation method for abdominal wall reconstruction. J Am Coll Surg 196 5 (2003) 825-826
121. Saulis A.S., and Dumanian G.A. Periumbilical rectus abdominis perforator preservation significantly reduces superficial wound complications in separation of parts hernia repair. Plast Reconstr Surg 109 7 (2002) 2275-2280 [discussion: 2281-2]
122. Maas S.M., van Engel M., and Leeksma N.G. A modification of the components separation technique for the repair of complicated ventral hernias. J Am Coll Surg 194 3 (2002) 388-390
123. Sukkar S.M., Dumanian G.A., and Szczerba S.M. Challenging abdominal wall defects. Am J Surg 181 2 (2001) 115-121
124. Voigt M., Andree C., and Galla T.J. Reconstruction of abdominal wall midline defects: the abdominal wall components separation. Zentralbl Chir 126 12 (2001) 1000-1004
125. Levine J.P., and Karp N.S. Restoration of abdominal wall integrity as a salvage procedure in difficult recurrent abdominal wall hernias using a method of wide myofascial release. Plast Reconstr Surg 107 3 (2001) 706-717
126. Cohen M., Morales Jr. R., and Fildes J. Staged reconstruction after gunshot wounds to the abdomen. Plast Reconstr Surg 108 1 (2001) 83-92
127. Mathes S.J., Steinwald P.M., Foster R.D., et al. Complex abdominal wall reconstruction: a comparison of flap and mesh closure. Ann Surg 232 4 (2000) 586-596
128. Lowe J.B., Garza I.R., and Bowman J.L. Endoscopically assisted components separation technique for closure of abdominal wall defects. Plast Reconstr Surg 105 2 (2000) 720-729
129. Girotto J.A., Malaisrie S.C., and Bulkely G. Recurrent ventral herniation in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg 106 7 (2000) 1520-1526
130. Maas S.M., van Engel M., and Leeksma N.G. A modification of the components separation technique for closure of abdominal wall defects in the presence of an enterostomy. J Am Coll Surg 189 1 (1999) 138-140
131. Girotto J.A., Ko M.J., and Redett R. Closure of chronic abdominal wall defects: a long term evaluation of the components separation method. Ann Plast Surg 42 4 (1999) 385-394
132. Kuzbari R., Worseg A.P., and Tairych G. Sliding door technique for the repair of midline incisional hernias. Plast Reconstr Surg 101 5 (1998) 1235-1242
133. Thomas III W.O., Parry S.W., and Rodning C.B. Ventral/incisional abdominal herniorrhaphy by fascial partition/release. Plast Reconstr Surg 91 6 (1993) 1080-1086
134. Lowe J.B. Updated algorithm for abdominal wall reconstruction. Clin Plast Surg 33 (2006) 225-240
135. Mathes S.J., and Nahai F. Clinical application of muscle and musculocutaneous flaps (1982), Mosby, St Louis (MO)
136. Mathes S.J., and Nahai F. Reconstructive surgery: principles, anatomy, and technique (1997), Churchill Livingstone, New York
137. Ohtsuka H., Ochi K., and Seike H. Reconstruction of a large lateral abdominal wall defect with an iliolumbar bipedicled flap. Br J Plast Surg 37 3 (1984) 327-329
138. Gottlieb M.E., Chandrasekhar B., Terz J.J., et al. Clinical applications of the extended deep inferior epigastric flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 78 6 (1986) 782-792
139. Stern H.S., and Nahai F. The versatile superficial inferior epigastric artery free flap. Br J Plast Surg 45 4 (1992) 270-274
140. Classen D. The extended deep inferior epigastric flap: a case series. Ann Plast Surg 42 2 (1999) 137-141
141. Parkash S., and Palepu J. Rectus abdominus myocutaneous flap: clinical experience with ipsilateral and contralateral flaps. Br J Surg 70 2 (1983) 68-70
142. Mathes S.J., and Bostwick III J. A rectus abdominus myocutaneous flap to reconstruct abdominal wall defects. Br J Plast Surg 30 4 (1977) 282-283
143. DeFranzo A.J., Kingman G.J., Sterchi J.M., et al. Rectus turnover flaps for the reconstruction of large midline abdominal wall defects. Ann Plast Surg 37 1 (1996) 18-23
144. Spear S.L., and Walker R.K. The external oblique flap for reconstruction of the rectus sheath. Plast Reconstr Surg 90 4 (1992) 608-613
145. Disa J.J., Goldberg N.H., Carlton J.M., et al. Restoring abdominal wall integrity in contaminated tissue deficient wounds using autologous fascia grafts. Plast Reconstr Surg 101 4 (1988) 979-986
146. Williams J.K., Carlson G.W., deChalain T., et al. Role of tensor fascia lata in abdominal wall reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 101 3 (1998) 802-805
147. Kimata Y., Uchiyama K., Sekido M., et al. Anterolateral thigh flap for abdominal wall reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 103 4 (1999) 1191-1197
148. Sasaki K., Nozaki M., Nakazawa H., et al. Reconstruction of a large abdominal wall defect using combined free tensor fascia latae musculocutaneous flap and anterolateral thigh flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 102 6 (1998) 2244-2252
149. McCraw J.B., Dibbell D.G., and Carraway J.H. Clinical definition of independent myocutaneous vascular territories. Plast Recostr Surg 60 3 (1977) 341-352
150. Koshima I., Nanba Y., Tutsui T., et al. Dynamic reconstruction of large abdominal defects using free rectus femoris. Ann Plast Surg 50 4 (2003) 420-424
151. Caulfield W.H., Curtsinger L., and Powell G. Donor leg morbidity after pedicled rectus femoris muscle flap transfer for abdominal and pelvic reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 32 4 (1994) 377-982
152. Bostwick III J., Vasconez L.O., Nahai F., et al. Sixty latissimus dorsi flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 63 1 (1979) 31-41
153. Ninkovic M., Kronberger P., and Harpf C. Free innervated latissimus dorsi muscle for reconstruction of full-thickness abdominal wall defects. Plast Reconstr Surg 101 4 (1998) 971-978
154. Venugopalan S. Repair of midline abdominal incisional hernia by gracilis muscle transfer. Br J Plast Surg 33 1 (1980) 43-45
155. Dowden R.V., and McCraw J.B. The vastus lateralis muscle flap: technique and applications. Ann Plast Surg 4 5 (1980) 396-404
156. Jacobsen W.M., Petty P.M., Bite U., et al. Massive abdominal wall hernia reconstruction with expanded external/internal oblique and transversalis fascia. Plast Reconstr Surg 100 2 (1997) 326-335
157. Hobar P.C., Rohrich R.J., and Byrd H.S. Abdominal-wall reconstruction with expanded musculofascial tissue in a posttraumatic defect. Plast Reconstr Surg 94 2 (1994) 379-383
158. Byrd H.S., and Hobar P.C. Abdominal wall expansion in congenital defects. Plast Reconstr Surg 84 2 (1989) 347-352
159. Carlson G.W., Elwood E., Losken A., et al. The role of tissue expansion in abdominal wall reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 44 2 (2000) 147-153
160. Espinosa-de-los-Monteros A., de la Torre J.I., Ahumada L.A., et al. Reconstruction of the abdominal wall for incisional hernia repair. Am J Surg 191 (2006) 173-177
161. Ger R., and Duboys E. The prevention and repair of large abdominal wall defects by muscle transposition: a preliminary communication. Plast Reconstr Surg 72 2 (1983) 170-175