Scent of a myth: Tectonics, geochemistry and geomythology at Delphi (Greece)

Journal of the Geological Society

Volumn 165, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 5-18

  Piccardi, Luigi ^a   Monti, Cassandra ^b   Vaselli, Orlando ^a,b   Tassi, Franco ^b   Gaki Papanastassiou, Kalliopi ^c   Papanastassiou, Dimitris ^d  

^a SEZIONE DI FIRENZE   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

^d NATIONAL OBSERVATORY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE FAULT; GEOCHEMISTRY; HYDROCARBON; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; SEISMICITY; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; TECTONICS;

EURASIA; EUROPE; GREECE; SOUTHERN EUROPE;

EID: 38949153768     PISSN: 00167649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1144/0016-76492007-055     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. AMANDRY, P. 1950. La mantique Apollinienne à Delphes: essai sur le fonctionnement de l'oracle. De Boccard, Paris.
2. AMBRASEYS, N. 1996. Material for the investigation of the seismicity of Central Greece. In: STIROS, S. & JONES, R.E. (eds) Archaeoseismology. Fitch Laboratory Occasional Papers, 7, 23-36.
3. AMBRASEYS, N.N. & JACKSON, J.A. 1998. Faulting associated with historical and recent earthquakes in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Geophysical Journal International, 133, 390-406.
4. AMBRASEYS, N-N. & PANTELOPOULOS, P. 1989. The Fokis (Greece) earthquake of 1 August 1870. European Earthquake Engineering, 1, 10-18.
5. APPELO, C.A.J. & POSTMA, D. 1993. Geochemistry, Groundwater and Pollution. Balkema, Rotterdam.
6. ARMIJO, R., MEYER, B., KING, G.C.P., RIGO, A. & PAPANASTASSIOU, D. 1996. Quaternary evolution of the Corinth Rift and its implications for Late Cenozoic evolution of the Aegean. Geophysical Journal International, 126, 11-53.
7. BARROW, R.H. 1967. Plutarch and his Life and Times. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.
8. BATJES, N.H. & BRIDGES, E.M. 1994. Potential emissions or radioactively active gases from soil to atmosphere, with special reference to methane: development of a global database (WISE). Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 16479-16489.
9. BENTOR, Y.K. 1989. Geological events in the Bible. Terra Nova, 1, 326-338.
10. BILLIRIS, H., PARADISSIS, D. & VEIS, G. ET AL. 1991. Geodetic determination of tectonic deformation in central Greece from 1900 to 1988. Nature, 350, 124-129.
11. BOMMELAER, J.F. 1991. Guide de Delphes: le site. De Boccard, Paris.
12. CAPACCIONI, B., MARTINI, M., MANGANI, F., GIANNINI, L., NAPPI, G. & PRATI, F. 1993. Light hydrocarbons in gas-emissions from volcanic areas and geothermal fields. Geochemical Journal, 27, 7-17.
13. 2 flux from soil: mapping and quantification of gas release. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108, 2425, paper number ECV 3/1-313.
14. 2 flux measurements in volcanic and geothermal areas. Applied Geochemistry, 13, 543-552.
15. DE BOER, J.Z. & HALE, J.R. 2000. The geological origins of the oracle at Delphi, Greece. In: MCGUIRE, W.G., GRIFFITHS, D.R., HANCOCK, P.L. & STEWART, I.S. (eds) The Archaeology of Geological Catastrophes. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 399-412.
16. DE BOER, J.Z., HALE, J.R. & CHANTON, J. 2001. New evidence for the geological origins of the Ancient Delphic oracle (Greece). Geology, 29, 707-711.
17. DELCOURT, M. 1981. L'Oracolo di Delfi. Culturali Internazionali, Genova.
18. DREVER, J.I. 1997. The Geochemistry of Natural Waters, Surface and Groundwater Environments, 3rd. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
19. ELIADE, M. 1998. Myth and Reality. Waveland Press, Prospect Heights, IL.
20. ETIOPE, G., PAPATHEODOROU, G., CHRISTODOULOU, D., GERAGA, M. & FAVALI, P. 2006. The geological links of the ancient Delphic Oracle (Greece): a reappraisal of natural gas occurrence and origin. Geology, 34, 821-824.
21. FARNELL, L.R. 1907. The Cults of the Greek City States. Oxford University Press, Oxford. IV.
22. FONTENROSE, J. 1981. The Delphic Oracle, its Responses and Operations. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
23. 2-content of the inspired air, and hyperpnea on visual intensity discrimination. American Journal of Physiology, 115, 679-684.
24. HIGGINS, M.D. & HIGGINS, R. 1996. A Geological Companion to Greece and the Aegean. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
25. HOLLAND, L.B. 1933. The mantic mechanism at Delphi. American Journal of Archaeology, 37, 201-214.
26. HOMER, 1936. Hymn to Apollo. Loeb Classical Library, 17th. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 57.
27. KLUSMAN, R.W. & JAKEL, M.E. 1998. Natural microseepage of methane to the atmosphere from the Denver-Julesburg basin, Colorado, USA. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 28041-28045.
28. KRAJIC, K. 2005. Tracking myth to geological reality. Science, 310, 762-764.
29. MCKENZIE, D.P. 1978. Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55, 217-254.
30. 2 in central Italy. Earth-Science Reviews, 66, 89-141.
31. OPPÈ, A.P. 1904. The chasm at Delphi. Journal of Hellenistic Studies, 24, 214-240.
32. 2 from springs, fumaroles, moffetes and travertines of central and southern Italy: a preliminary prospection method of geothermal areas. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on the Development and Use of Geothermal Energy, San Francisco, 20-29 May 1975. 815-825.
33. PAPAZACHOS, C. & PAPAZACHOU, C. 2003. The Earthquakes of Greece. Ziti, Thesaloniki [in Greek].
34. PARKE, H.W. & WORMEL, D.E.W. 1956. The Delphic Oracle, The History. Blackwell, Oxford.
35. PAVLIDES, S. & CAPUTO, R. 2004. Magnitude versus faults' surface parameters: quantitative relationships from the Aegean Region. Tectonophysics, 380, 159-188.
36. PÉCHOUX, P.Y. 1977. Nouvelles remarques sur les versants Quaternaires du secteur de Delphes. Revue de Gégraphie Physique et Géologie Dynamique, 19, 83-92.
37. PICCARDI, L. 2000. Active faulting at Delphi: seismotectonic remarks and a hypothesis for the geological environment of a myth. Geology, 28, 651-654.
38. PICCARDI, L. 2001. Fault-related sanctuaries. EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 52(47), U52B-03.
39. PICCARDI, L. 2004. The rediscovery of Lemean Hydra's immortal head. Studi Geologici Camerti, Nuova Serie, 2, 131-139.
40. PICCARDE, L. 2005. Paleoseismic evidence of legendary earthquakes: the apparition of Archangel Michael at Monte Sant' Angelo (Gargano, Italy). Tectonophysics, 408, 113-128.
41. PICCARDL, L. & MASSE, W.B. (EDS) 2007. Myth and Geology. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 273.
42. PIZZINO, L., QUATTROCCHI, F., CINTI, D. & GALLL, G. 2004. Fluid geochemistry along the Eliki and Aigion seismogenic segments (Gulf of Corinth, Greece). Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 336, 367-374.
43. PLUTARCH, 1936. The oracles at Delphi no longer given in verse - The obsolescence of oracles. Loeb Classical Library. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 306.
44. SCHMIDT, J. 1879. Studien ueber Erdbeden. Carl Schottze, Leipzig.
45. SCOTT LITTLETON, C. 1986. The pneuma enthusiasticon: on the possibility of hallucinogenic 'vapors' at Delphi and Dodona. Ethos, 1, 76-91.
46. 2 inhalation on arterial pressure, ECG and plasma catecholamines and 17-OH corticosteroids in normal man. Journal of Applied Physiology, 15, 454-458.
47. TOUTAIN, J.P. & BAUBRON, J.C. 1999. Gas geochemistry and seismotectonics: a review. Tectonophysics, 304, 1-27.
48. VITALIANO, D.B. 1973. Legends of the Earth. Their Geologic Origins. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.
49. ZACHOS, K. (ED.) 1964. Geological Map of Greece, Delphi, scale 1:50 000. Institute of Geology and Subsurface Research, Athens.