Evidence that seat belts are as effective as child safety seats in preventing death for children aged two and up

Review of Economics and Statistics

Volumn 90, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 158-163

  Levitt, Steven D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 38849178241     PISSN: 00346535     EISSN: 15309142     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/rest.90.1.158     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Braver, E. R., S. A. Ferguson, M. A. Greene, and A. K. Lund, "Reductions in Deaths in Frontal Crashes among Right Front Passengers in Vehicles Equipped with Passenger Air Bags," JAMA 278:17 (1997), 1437-1439.
2. Children's Safety Network, "Childhood Injury: Cost and Prevention Facts" (Landover, MD: Children's Safety Network, Economics and Insurance Resource Center, 1996).
3. Cohen, Alma, and Rajeev Dehejia, "The Effect of Automobile Insurance and Accident Liability Laws on Traffic Fatalities," Journal of Law and Economics 47:2 (2004), 357-393.
4. Doyle, Joseph, and Steven Levitt, "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Child Safety Seats and Seat Belts for Injury Prevention in Motor Vehicle Crashes," unpublished manuscript (2006).
5. Dubner, Stephen, and Steven Levitt, "Do Car Seats Work?" New York Times Sunday Magazine, July 11, 2005.
6. Durbin, Dennis, Michael Elliot, and Flaura Winston, "Belt- Positioning Booster Seats and Reduction in Risk of Injury among Children in Vehicle Crashes," JAMA 289:21 (2003), 2835-2840.
7. Evans, L., "The Effectiveness of Safety Belts in Preventing Fatalities," Accident Analysis and Prevention 18 (1986), 229-241.
8. Glassbrenner, Donna, "Child Restraint Use in 2002 - Overall Results," NHTSA Research Note, DOT HS 809 555 (February 2003).
9. Grabowski, David, and Michael Morrisey, "Gasoline Prices and Motor Vehicle Fatalities," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 23:3 (2004), 575-593.
10. Hertz, Ellen, "Revised Estimates of Child Restraint Effectiveness," NHTSA Research Note (December 1996).
11. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, "Child Restraint, Belt Laws as of July 2004," as posted on www.highwaysafety.org/safety_facts/ state_laws/restrain.htm (2004).
12. Kahane, Charles, An Evaluation of Child Passenger Safety: The Effectiveness and Benefits of Safety Seats, Washington, DC, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Report Number DOT HS 806 890 (1986).
13. _ "Lives Saved by the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards and Other Vehicle Safety Technologies, 1960-2002 - Passenger Cars and Light Trucks-With a Review of 19 FMVSS and their Effectiveness in Reducing Fatalities, Injuries, and Crashes," NHTSA Technical Report, DOT HS 809 833 (October 2004).
14. Lave, Charles, and Patrick Elias, "Resource Allocation in Public Policy: The Effects of the 65-MPH Speed Limit," Economic Inquiry 35 (July 1997), 614-620.
15. Levitt, Steven, and Jack Porter, "Estimating the Effect of Alcohol on Driver Risk Using only Fatal Accident Statistics," this REVIEW 83:4 (2001), 603-615.
16. National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA), "Patterns of Misuse of Child Safety Seats," DOT HS 808 440 (January 1996).
17. Partyka, Susan, "Lives Saved by Child Restraints from 1982 through 1987," DOT HS 807 371 (December 1988).
18. Peltzman, Sam, "The Effects of Automobile Safety Regulation," Journal of Political Economy 83 (August 1975), 677-725.
19. Ruhm, Christopher, "Alcohol Policies and Highway Vehicle Fatalities," Journal of Health Economics 15 (August 1996), 435-454.
20. Saffer, Henry, and Michael Grossman, "Drinking Age Laws and Highway Mortality Rates: Cause and Effect," Economic Inquiry 25 (July 1987), 403-417.
21. Starnes, Marc, "Lives Saved Calculations for Infants and Toddlers," NCS Research Note, DOT HS 809 778 (March 2005).
22. Tarbet, Mareia J., "Cost and Weight Added by the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards for Model Years 1968-2001 in Passenger Cars and Light Trucks," DOT HS 809 834 (December 2004).
23. U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, "Observed Patterns of Misuse of Child Safety Seats," Technology Transfer Series, number 133 (September 1996).
24. Winston, F. K., D. R. Durbin, M. Kallan, and E. Moll, "The Danger of Premature Graduation to Seat Belts for Young Children," Pediatrics 105 (2000), 1179-1183.