Advancing fluid-property measurements

Oilfield Review

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 56-70

  Betancourt, Soraya ^a   Davies, Tara ^a   Kennedy, Ray ^a   Dong, Chengli ^a   Elshahawi, Hani ^b   Mullins, Oliver C ^a   Nighswander, John ^a   O'Keefe, Michael ^a  

^a Shell International Exploration and Production ^*

^b SHELL GLOBAL SOLUTIONS INTERNATIONAL B V   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLUID CHARACTERIZATION; FLUID-PROPERTY MEASUREMENTS;

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION; PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS; PRODUCTION CONTROL; QUALITY CONTROL;

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS;

EID: 38849164146     PISSN: 09231730     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Ratulowski J, Amin A, Hammami A, Muhammed M and Riding M: "Flow Assurance and Subsea Productivity: Closing the Loop with Connectivity and Measurements," paper SPE 90244, presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, September 26-29, 2004.
2. For more on scale-removal techniques: Crabtree M, Eslinger D, Fletcher P, Miller M, Johnson A and King G: "Fighting Scale - Removal and Prevention," Oilfield Review 11, no. 3 (Autumn 1999): 30-45.
3. Nagarajan NR, Honarpour MM and Sampath K: "Reservoir-Fluid Sampling and Characterization - Key to Efficient Reservoir Management," Journal of Petroleum Technology 59, no. 8 (August 2007): 80-91.
4. McCain WD Jr: "The Five Reservoir Fluids," in The Properties of Reservoir Fluids (2nd Edition). Tulsa: PennWell Books (1990): 147-164.
5. Akbarzadeh K, Hammami, A, Kharrat A, Zhang D, Allenson S, Creek J, Kabir S, Jamaluddin A, Marshall AG, Rodgers RP, Mullins OC and Solbakken T: "Asphaltenes-Problematic but Rich in Potential," Oilfield Reviews, no. 2 (Summer 2007): 22-43.
6. Raghuraman B, Gustavson G, Mullins OC and Rabbito P: "Spectroscopic pH Measurement for High Temperatures, Pressures and Ionic Strength," AIChE Journal 52, no. 9 (2006): 3257-3265.
7. Xian C, Raghuraman B, Carnegie A, Goiran P-O and Berrim A: "Downhole pH as a Novel Measurement Tool in Formation Evaluation and Reservoir Monitoring," Transactions of the 48th SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium, Austin, Texas, June 3-6, 2007, paper JJ.
8. Riemens WG, Schulte AM and de Jong LNG: "Birba Field PVT Variations Along the Hydrocarbon Column and Confirmatory Field Tests," Journal of Petroleum Technology 40, no. 1 (January 1988): 83-88.
9. Ruiz-Morales Y, Wu X and Mullins O: "Electronic Absorption Edge of Crude Oils and Asphaltenes Analyzed by Molecular Orbital Calculations with Optical Spectroscopy," Energy & Fuels 21, no. 2 (2007): 944-952.
10. For more on formation-fluid sampling devices: MDT tool: Colley N, Ireland T, Reignier P, Richardson S and Joseph J: "The MDT Tool: A Wireline Testing Breakthrough," Oilfield Review 4, no. 2 (April 1992): 58-65.
11. Andrews RJ, Beck G, Castelijns K, Chen A, Cribbs ME, Fadnes FH, Irvine-Fortescue J, Williams S, Hashem M, Jamaluddin A, Kurkjian A, Sass B, Mullins OC, Rylander E and Van Dusen A: "Quantifying Contamination Using Color of Crude and Condensate," Oilfield Review 13, no. 3 (Autumn 20011: 24-43.
12. Quicksilver Probe: Akkurt, R, Bowcock M, Davies J, Del Campo C, Hill B, Joshi S, Kundu D, Kumar S, O'Keefe M, Samir M, Tarvin J, Weinheber P, Williams S and Zeybek M: "Focusing on Downhole Fluid Sampling and Analysis," Oilfield Review 18, no. 4 (Winter 2006/2007): 4-19.
13. CHDT tool: Burgess K, Fields T Harrigan E, Golich GM, Reeves R, Smith S, Thornsberry K, Ritchie B, Rivero R and Siegfried R.: "Formation Testing and Sampling Through Casing," Oilfield Review 14, no. 1 (Spring 2002): 46-57.
14. SRS and SCAR tools: Aghar, H, Carie M, Elshahawi H, Gomez JR, Saeedi J, Young C, Pinguet B, Swainson K, Takla E and Theuveny B: "The Expanding Scope of Well Testing," Oilfield Review 19, no. 1 (Spring 2007): 44-59.
15. For more on surface sampling: Aghar et al, reference 9.
16. For more on optical DFA methods: Betancourt S, Fujisawa G, Mullins OC, Carnegie A, Dong C, Kurkjian A, Eriksen KO, Haggag M, Jaramillo AR and Terabayashi H: "Analyzing Hydrocarbons in the Borehole," Oilfield Review 15, no. 3 (Autumn 2003): 54-61.
17. Crombie A, Halford F, Hashem M, McNeil R, Thomas EC, Melbourne G and Mullins OC: "Innovations in Wireline Fluid Sampling," Oilfield Review 10, no. 3 (Autumn 1998): 26-41.
18. Dong C, Hegeman PS, Carnegie A and Elshahawi H: "Downhole Measurement of Methane Content and GOR in Formation Fluid Samples," SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineerings, no. 1 (February 2006): 7-14.
19. Betancourt SS, Fujisawa G, Mullins OC, Eriksen KO, Dong C, Pop J and Carnegie A: "Exploration Applications of Downhole Measurement of Crude Oil Composition and Fluorescence," paper SPE 87011, presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Technical Conference on Integrated Modeling for Asset Management, Kuala Lumpur, March 29-30, 2004.
20. Dong CM, O'Keefe M, Elshahawi H, Hashem M, Williams S, Stensland D, Hegeman P, Vasques R, Terabayashi T, Mullins O and Donzier E: "New Downhole Fluid Analyzer Tool for Improved Reservoir Characterization," paper SPE 108566, presented at the SPE Offshore Europe Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Aberdeen, September 4-7, 2007.
21. Venkataramanan L, Weinheber P, Mullins OC, Andrews AB and Gustavson G: "Pressure Gradients and Fluid Analysis as an Aid to Determining Reservoir Compartmentalization," Transactions of the 47th SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium, Vera Cruz, Mexico, June 4-7, 2006, paper S.
22. Dong C, Elshahawi H, Mullins OC, Venkataramanan L, Hows M, McKinney D, Flannery M and Hashem M: "Improved Interpretation of Reservoir Architecture and Fluid Contacts through the Integration of Downhole Fluid Analysis with Geochemical and Mud Gas Analyses," paper SPE 109683, presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Jakarta, October 30-November 1, 2007.
23. Venkataramanan L, Elshahawi H, McKinney D, Flannery M, Hashem M and Mullins OC: "Downhole Fluid Analysis and Fluid Composition Algorithm as an Aid to Reservoir Characterization," paper SPE 100937, presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Adelaide, Australia, September 11-13, 2006.
24. Berkman T, Ellis L and Grass D: "Integration of Mud Gas Isotope Data with Field Appraisal at Horn Mountain Field, Deepwater Gulf of Mexico," AAPG Bulletin 86, no. 13 (2002): supplement.
25. Betancourt SS, Bracey J, Gustavson G, Mathews SG and Mullins O: "Chain of Custody for Samples of Live Crude Oil Using Visible Near-Infrared Spectroscopy," Applied Spectroscopy 60, no. 12 (December 2006): 1482-1487.
26. Aghar et al, reference 9.
27. For more on visible and near-IR spectroscopy: Crombie et al, reference 11.
28. Mullins OC, Beck G, Cribbs MY, Terabayashi T and Kagasawa K: "Downhole Determination of GOR on Single-phase Fluids by Optical Spectroscopy," Transactions of the 42nd SPWLA Annual Annual Logging Symposium, Houston, June 17-20, 2001, paper M.
29. Venkataramanan L, Fujisawa G, Mullins OC, Vasques RR and Valero H-P: "Uncertainty Analysis of Near-Infrared Data of Hydrocarbons," Applied Spectroscopy 60, no. 6 (June 2006): 653-662.
30. Live oil contains the dissolved gases present in the reservoir. If the gases are released, or "flashed," at the surface or in the laboratory, the residual liquid is called dead oil. Stock-tank oil (STO) is also a dead oil.
31. For a detailed discussion of asphaltene flow assurance: Akbarzadeh et al, reference 5.
32. At constant temperature and pressure, Newtonian fluids display constant viscosity at all shear rates. The viscosity of non-Newtonian fluids is not constant at all shear rates. Apparent viscosity is the viscosity of a fluid at a given shear rate and temperature.
33. ASTM D97-0B Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products. West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA: ASTM International, 2006.
34. y is the hydraulic pressure necessary to cause fluid movement, D is the inner diameter of the coil and L is the coil length.
35. Alboudwarej H, Huo Z and Kempten E: "Flow-Assurance Aspects of Subsea Systems Design for Production of Waxy Crude Oils," paper SPE 103242, presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, September 24-26, 2006.
36. 40. Linear members of the series (those with no branches or cyclic structures) are called n-paraffins.
37. Hayduk W and Minhas BS: "Correlations for Prediction of Molecular Diffusivities in Liquids," Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 60, no. 2 (April 1982): 295-299.
38. Zougari M, Hammami A, Broze G and Fuex N: "Live Oils Novel Organic Solid Deposition and Control Device: Wax Deposition Validation," paper SPE 93558, presented at the 14th SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, Bahrain, March 12-15, 2005.
39. In fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is a dimensionless ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces. Turbulent-flow conditions exist when the Reynolds number exceeds 3, 000.
40. Akbarzadeh et al, reference 5.
41. Amin A, Smedstad E and Riding M: "Role of Surveillance in Improving Subsea Productivity," paper SPE 90209, presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, September 26-29, 2004.