Transgender history, homonormativity, and disciplinarity

Radical History Review

Volumn , Issue 100, 2008, Pages 145-157

  Stryker, Susan ^a  

^a SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 38749104694     PISSN: 01636545     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/01636545-2007-026     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Lisa Duggan, The Twilight of Equality? Neoliberalism, Cultural Politics, and the Attack on Democracy (Boston: Beacon, 2003), 50.
2. Judith Halberstam, Female Masculinity (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1998), 9.
3. I posted an earlier version of these observations on the genealogy of homonormative on qstudy-ILλistserv.buffalo.edu, November 7, 2006.
4. Robert Hill, personal communication, October 6, 2005;
5. see also Robert Hill, A Social History of Heterosexual Transvestism in Cold War America (PhD diss., University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, 2007).
6. I have made this argument elsewhere; see Susan Stryker, "The Transgender Issue: An Introduction," GLQ 4 (1998): 149-53;
7. Susan Stryker, "Transgender Studies: Queer Theory's Evil Twin," GLQ 10 (2004): 212 -15;
8. and Susan Stryker, "(De)Subjugated Knowledges: An Introduction to Transgender Studies," in The Transgender Studies Reader, ed. Susan Stryker and Stephen Whittle (New York: Routledge, 2006), 4-8.
9. On Feinberg's use of "transgender," see Leslie Feinberg, Transgender Liberation: A Movement Whose Time Has Come (New York: World View Forum, 1992); reprinted in Stryker and Whittle, Transgender Studies Reader, 205-20. On page 206, Feinberg, after listing a variety of what s/he terms "gender outlaws," that is, "transvestites, transsexuals, drag queens and drag kings, cross-dressers, bull-daggers, stone butches, androgynes, diesel dykes," notes that "we didn't choose these words" and that "they don't fit all of us." Because "it's hard to fight an oppression without a name connoting pride," s/he proposes "transgender" to name "a diverse group of people who define ourselves in many different ways." While acknowledging that this term itself may prove inadequate or short-lived, s/he intends for it to be "a tool to battle bigotry and brutality" and hopes that "it can connect us, that it can capture what is similar about the oppressions that we endure."
10. Ann Ogborn, interview by the author, July 5, 1998, Oakland, California.
11. Gerard Koskovich, an early member of Queer Nation-San Francisco, recalls "lively critiques regarding the group's awareness and inclusiveness regarding transgender and bisexual issues." He writes: "I recall a telling incident at one of the earliest QN meetings that I attended: A lesbian in her early 30s made comments to the general meeting to the effect that she didn't appreciate gay men wearing drag, an act that she portrayed as an expression of misogyny - in short, she offered an old-school lesbian-feminist reading. This led to a group discussion of the uses of drag as a critique of gender norms - a discussion that ultimately changed the woman's mind. That early anti-drag moment quickly gave way to Queer National celebrating personal styles that transgressed gender norms in various ways - a phenomenon that fit well with the in-your-face politics of representation that drove many QN actions." Personal communication, December 8, 2006.
12. David Valentine, "I Went to Bed with My Own Kind Once: The Erasure of Desire in the Name of Identity," Language and Communication 23 (2003): 123-38;
13. David Valentine, "The Categories Themselves," GLQ 10 (2003): 215-20.
14. Friedrich Nietzsche, "On the Use and Abuse of History for Life," 1874, trans. Ian C. Johnson, www.geocities.com /thenietzschechannel/history.htm (accessed May 12, 2007).
15. John D'Emilio, Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities: The Making of a Homosexual Minority in the United States, 1940-1970 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983);
16. Elizabeth Armstrong, Forging Gay Identity: Organizing Sexuality in San Francisco, 1950-1994 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002),
17. Nan Alamilla Boyd, Wide Open Town: A History of Queer San Francisco to 1965 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003);
18. Martin Meeker, Contacts Desired: Gay and Lesbian Communications and Community, 1940s-1970s (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006);
19. Marcia Gallo, Different Daughters: A History of the Daughters of Bilitis and the Rise of the Lesbian Rights Movement (New York: Carroll and Graf, 2006).
20. Joanne Meyerowitz, How Sex Changed: A History of Transsexuality in the United States (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002), 176-85.
21. Raymond Broshears, "History of Christopher Street West - SF," Gay Pride: The Official Voice of the Christopher Street West Parade '72 Committee of San Francisco, California, June 25, 1972, 8.
22. Screaming Queens: The Riot at Compton's Cafeteria, dir. Victor Silverman and Susan Stryker (Independent Television Service/KQED-TV, 2005);
23. Susan Stryker, "The Compton's Cafeteria Riot of 1966: The Radical Roots of the Contemporary Transgender Movement," Critical Moment, no. 12 (2005): 5, 19.
24. Susan Stryker, "'The Riot at Compton's Cafeteria: Coming Soon to a Theater Near You!" Transgender Tapestry, no. 105 (2004): 46-47;
25. Mack Friedman, Strapped for Cash: A History of American Hustler Culture (Los Angeles: Alyson, 2003) 129-33;
26. David Carter, Stonewall: The Riots That Sparked the Gay Revolution (New York: St. Martin's, 2004), 109-10.
27. Members of the Gay and Lesbian Historical Society, "MTF Transgender Activism in San Francisco's Tenderloin: Commentary and Interview with Elliot Blackstone," GLQ 4 (1998): 349-72;
28. Elizabeth Armstrong and Suzanna Crage, "Movements and Memory: The Making of the Stonewall Myth," American Sociological Review 71 (2006): 724-51;
29. see also Meyerowitz, How Sex Changed, 229.
30. Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended: Lectures at the College de France, 1975-1976, trans. David Macey (New York: Picador, 2003), 7-8.