Effects of candesartan compared with amlodipine in hypertensive patients with high cardiovascular risks: Candesartan antihypertensive survival evaluation in Japan trial

Hypertension

Volumn 51, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 393-398

  Ogihara, Toshio ^a   Nakao, Kazuwa ^b   Fukui, Tsuguya ^c   Fukiyama, Kohshiro ^d   Ueshima, Kenji ^b   Oba, Koji ^b   Sato, Tosiya ^e   Saruta, Takao ^f  

^a OSAKA UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^b KYOTO UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^c ST LUKE'S INTERNATIONAL HOSPITAL   (Japan)

^d Japan Seaman's Relief Association Moji Hospital   (Japan)

^e KYOTO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (Japan)

^f School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine   (Japan)

Author keywords

Angiotensin II; Antihypertensive therapy; Calcium channel blockers; Cardiovascular diseases; Clinical trials; Hypertension

Indexed keywords

ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; AMLODIPINE BESYLATE; ANTIANGINA PECTORIS AGENT; ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CANDESARTAN HEXETIL; DIURETIC AGENT;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANGINA PECTORIS; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMORBIDITY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; FLUSHING; FOLLOW UP; HAZARD RATIO; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART DISEASE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HYPERKALEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; JAPANESE; LONG TERM CARE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; PNEUMONIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; SUDDEN DEATH; SURVIVAL RATE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; THROMBOSIS;

AGED; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS; BENZIMIDAZOLES; BLOOD PRESSURE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK; RISK FACTORS; TETRAZOLES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 38549181561     PISSN: 0194911X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.098475     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Goodfriend TL, Elliot ME, Catt KJ. Angiotensin receptors and their antagonists. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1649-1654.
2. Staessen JA, Fagard R, Thijs L, Celis H, Arabidze GG, Birkenhäger WH, Bulpitt CJ, de Leeuw PW, Dollery CT, Fletcher AE, Forette F, Leonetti G, Nachev C, O'Brien ET, Rosenfeld J, Rodicio JL, Tuomilehto J, Zanchetti A. Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Lancet. 1997;350:757-764.
3. Lindholm LH, Ibsen H, Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Beevers G, de Faire U, Fyhrquist F, Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Kristiansson K, Lederballe-Pedersen O, Nieminen MS, Omvik P, Oparil S, Wedel H, Aurup P, Edelman J, Snapinn S; LIFE Study Group. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359:995-1003.
4. The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone. The Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering treatment to prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2000;283:1967-1975.
5. Brown MJ, Palmer CR, Castaigne A, de Leeuw PW, Mancia G, Rosenthal T, Ruilope LM. Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet. 2000;356:366-372.
6. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:145-153.
7. PROGRESS Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6,105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet. 2001;358:1033-1041.
8. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M, Brunner HR, Ekman S, Hansson L, Hua T, Laragh J, McInnes GT, Mitchell L, Plat F, Schork A, Smith B, Zanchetti A. VALUE trial group. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet. 2004;363:2022-2031.
9. World Health Organization. Death and DALY estimates for 2002 by cause for WHO member states: burden of disease statistics. Available at: http://www.who.int/entity/healthinfo/statistics/bodgbddeathdalyestimates.xls. Accessed November 15, 2007.
10. Miyawaki T, Hirata M, Moriyama K, Sasaki Y, Aono H, Saito N, Nakao K. Metabolic syndrome in Japanese diagnosed with visceral fat measurement by computed tomography. Proc Japan Acad. 2005;81:471-479.
11. Calle E, Thun M, Petrelli J, Rodriguez C, Heath C. Body-mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1097-1105.
12. Fukui T, Rahman M, Hayashi K, Takeda K, Higaki J, Sato T, Fukushima M, Sakamoto J, Morita S, Ogihara T, Fukiyama K, Fujishima M, Saruta T; CASE-J Study Group. Candesartan Antihypertensive Survival Evaluation in Japan (CASE-J) trial of cardiovascular events in high-risk hypertensive patients: rationale, design, and methods. Hypertens Res. 2003;26:979-990.
13. Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines Subcommittee for the Management of Hypertension. Guidelines for the management of hypertension for general practitioners. Hypertens Res. 2001;24:613-634.
14. The GLANT Study Group. A 12-month comparison of ACE inhibitor and CA antagonist therapy in mild to moderate essential hypertension - The GLANT Study. Study Group on Long-term Antihypertensive Therapy. Hypertens Res. 1995;18:235-244.
15. Ogihara T. Practitioner's trial on the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment in the elderly hypertension (the PATE hypertension study) in Japan. Am J Hypertens. 2000;13:461-467.
16. Sato T. Sample sizes for survival analysis based on the conditional score test for person-time observations. Jpn J Biometrics. 2002;23:27-35.
17. DeMets DL, Lan KKG. Interim analysis: the alpha spending function approach. Stat Med. 1994;13:1342-1352.
18. Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG, Dahlof B, Elmfeldt D, Julius S, Menard J, Rahn KH, Wedel H, Westerling S. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group. Lancet. 1998;351:1755-1762.
19. Kjeldsen SE, Julius S, Mancia G, McInnes GT, Hua T, Weber MA, Coca A, Ekman S, Girerd X, Jamerson K, Larochelle P, MacDonald TM, Schmieder RE, Schork MA, Stolt P, Viskoper R, Widimsky J, Zanchetti A; VALUE Trial Investigators. Effects of valsartan compared to amlodipine on preventing type 2 diabetes in high-risk hypertensive patients: the VALUE trial. J Hypertens. 2006;24:1405-1412.
20. Kjeldsen SE, Julius S, Brunner H, Hansson L, Henis M, Ekman S, Laragh J, McInnes G, Smith B, Weber M, Zanchetti A. Characteristics of 15,314 hypertensive patients at high coronary risk. The VALUE trial. The Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation. Blood Press. 2001;10:83-91.