Analysis and synthesis of raindrop size distribution time series from disdrometer data

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Volumn 46, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 466-478

  Montopoli, Mario ^b,c   Marzano, Frank Silvio ^a,b,d   Vulpiani, Gianfranco ^a,b,e  

^a IEEE

^b Department of Electrical Engineering and Information ^*

^c UNIVERSITY OF L'AQUILA   (Italy)

^d SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^e DIPARTIMENTO DELLA PROTEZIONE CIVILE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Autoregressive process; Disdrometer; Estimation techniques; Intermittent rain process; Raindrop size distribution (RSD); Semi Markov chain

Indexed keywords

DATA REDUCTION; MARKOV PROCESSES; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; RADIO TRANSMISSION; RAIN; SIZE DISTRIBUTION;

DISDROMETER MEASUREMENTS; INTERMITTENT RAIN PROCESSES; RAINDROP SIZE DISTRIBUTION (RSD); SEMI MARKOV CHAINS;

TIME SERIES ANALYSIS;

EID: 38549153298     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2007.909102     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. A. Tokay, A. Kruger, W. F. Krajewski, P. A. Kucera, A. Jose, and P. Filho, "Measurements of drop size distribution in the southwestern Amazon basin," J. Geophys. Res., vol. 107, no. D20, 8052, 2002. DOI:10.1029/2001JD000355.
2. D. Atlas, C. W. Ulbrich, F. D. Marks, Jr., E. Amitai, and C. R. Williams, "Systematic variation of drop size distribution and radar-rainfall relation," J. Geophys. Res., vol. 104, pp. 6155-6169, 1999.
3. L. D. Carey, S. A. Rutledge, D. A. Ahijevych, and T. D. Keenan, "Correcting propagation effects in C-band Polarimetric radar observations of tropical convection using differential propagation phase," J. Appl. Meteorol., vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 1405-1433, Sep. 2000.
4. E. A. Brandes, G. Zhang, and J. Vivekanandan, "Comparison of Polarimetric radar drop size distribution retrieval algorithms," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 584-598, Apr. 2003.
5. L. D. Carey and S. A. Rutledge, "The relationship between precipitation and lightning in tropical island convection: A C-band polarimetric radar study," Mon. Weather Rev., vol. 128, no. 8, pp. 2687-2710, Aug. 2000.
6. G. Vulpiani, F. S. Marzano, V. Chandrasekar, A. Berne, and R. Uijlenhoet, "Polarimetric weather radar retrieval of raindrop size distribution by means of a regularized artificial neural network," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 3262-3275, Nov. 2006.
7. T. Maseng and P. M. Bakken, "A stochastic-dynamic model of rain attenuation," Int. J. Satell. Commun., vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 660-669, May 1981.
8. C. Kummerow, W. Barnes, T. Kozu, J. Shiue, and J. Simpson, "The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) sensor package," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 809-817, Jun. 1998.
9. A. Berne and R. Uijlenhoet, "A stochastic model of range profiles of raindrop size distributions: Application to radar attenuation correction," Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 32, no. 10, L10 803, May 2005. DOI:10.1029/2004GL021899.
10. C. Allasseur, L. Husson, and F. Pèrez-Fontàn, "Simulation of rain events time series with Markov model," in Proc. 15th IEEE Int. Symp. Pers., Indoor Mobile Radio Commun., Sep. 2004, vol. 4, pp. 2801-2805.
11. M. Grossklaus, K. Uhlig, and L. Hasse, "An optical disdrometer for use in high wind speeds," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 1051-1059, Aug. 1998.
12. M. Schönhuber, H. Urban, J. P. V. Poiares Baptista, W. L. Randeu, and W. Riedler, "Measurements of precipitation characteristics by a new disdrometer," in Proc. Atmos. Phys. Dyn. Anal Prognosis Precipitation Fields, Nov. 1994, pp. 15-18.
13. J. Joss and A. Waldvogel, "A raindrop spectrograph with, automatic analysis," Pure Appl. Geophys., vol. 68, pp. 240-246, 1967.
14. B. E. Sheppard and P. I. Joe, "Comparison of raindrop size distribution measurements by a Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer, a PMS 2DG spectrometer, and POSS Doppler radar," J. Atmos. Oceanic., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 874-887, Aug. 1994.
15. Distromet LTD., "Disdrometer RD-69," Instruction Manual, Basel, Switzerland, 1997.
16. J. Joss and A. Waldvogel, "Comments on some observations on the Joss-Waldvogel rainfall disdrometer," J. Appl. Meteorol., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 112-113, Jan. 1977.
17. B. E. Sheppard, "Effect of irregularities in the diameter classification of raindrops by the Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 180-183, Feb. 1990.
18. D. Atlas and C. W. Ulbrich, "Path- and area-integrated rainfall measurement by microwave attenuation in 1-3 cm band," J. Appl. Meteorol., vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 1322-1331, Dec. 1977.
19. E. Gorgucci, V. Chandrasekar, V. N. Bringi, and G. Scarchilli, "Estimation of raindrop size distribution parameters from Polarimetric radar measurements," J. Atmos. Sci., vol. 59, no. 15, pp. 2373-2384, Aug. 2002.
20. J. Testud, S. Oury, R. A. Black, P. Amayenc, and X. Dou, "The concept of 'normalized' distributions to describe raindrop spectra: A tool for cloud physics and cloud remote sensing," J. Appl Meteorol., vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 1118-1140, Jun. 2001.
21. A. J. Illingworth and T. M. Blackman, "The need to represent raindrop size spectra as normalized gamma distributions for the interpretation of polarization radar observations," J. Appl. Meteorol., vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 286-297, Mar. 2002.
22. V. N. Bringi, V. Chandrasekar, J. Hubbert, E. Gorgucci, W. L. Randeu, and M. Schoenhuber, "Raindrop size distribution in different climatic regimes from disdrometer and dual-polarized radar analysis," J. Atmos. Sci., vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 354-365, Jan. 2003.
23. J. M. Bernardo and A. F. M. Smith, Bayesian Theory. New York: Wiley.
24. C. W. Ulbrich and D. Atlas, "Rainfall microphysics and radar properties: Analysis methods for drop size spectra," J. Appl. Meteorol., vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 912-923, Sep. 1998.
25. V. N. Bringi and V. Chandrasekar, Polarimetric Doppler Weather Radar: Principles and Applications. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001.
26. A. Stuart and J. K. Ord, Kendall's Advanced Theory of Statistics, 5th ed, vol. 2. London, U.K.: Griffin, 1991.
27. P. L. Smith and D. V. Kliche, "The bias in moment estimators for parameters of drop size distribution functions: Sampling from the exponential distributions," J. Appl. Meteorol., vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 1195-1205, Aug. 2005.
28. M. Montopoli, G. Vulpiani, M. N. Anagnostou, E. N. Anagnostou, and F. S. Marzano, "Processing disdrometer raindrop spectra time series from various climatological regions using estimation and autoregressive methods," in Proc IGARSS, Barcelona, Spain, Jul. 23-27, 2007.
29. J. Vivekanandan, G. Zhang, and E. Brandes, "Polarimetric radar estimators based on a constrained gamma drop size distribution model," J. Appl Meteorol., vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 217-230, Feb. 2004.
30. D. Veneziano, R. L. Bras, and J. D. Niemann, "Nonlinearity and self-similarity of rainfall in time and a stochastic model," J. Geophys. Res., vol. 101, no. D21, pp. 26371-26392, 1996.
31. L. Kleinrock, Queueing Systems, vol. 1. New York: Wiley, 1975.
32. R. L. Rabiner, "A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition," Proc. IEEE, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 257-286, Feb. 1989.
33. F. Fontan, U.-C. Fiebig, and C. Enjamino, "Improving rain rate time-series generation for system simulation applications," in Proc. Int. Workshop COST Actions 272, 280, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, May 26-28, 2003.