Why the Economy is Often the Exception to Politics as Usual

Theory

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 87-109

  Best, Jacqueline ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Agamben; finance; Foucault; governmentality; International Monetary Fund; sovereign exception; World Bank

Indexed keywords

EID: 38549123997     PISSN: 02632764     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0263276407080098     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Agamben, G. (1995) ‘ We Refugees’, Symposium, 29(2): 114-16.
2. Agamben, G. (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, trans. D. Heller-Roazen. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
3. Agamben, G. (2000) Means without End: Notes on Politics, trans. V. Binneti and C. Casarino. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
4. Amoore, L. and M. De Goede (2005) ‘ Governance, Risk and Dataveillance in the War on Terror ’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 43: 149-73.
5. Arendt, H. (1979) ‘The Decline of the Nation-state and the End of the Rights of Man’, in The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
6. Associated Press (2005) ‘Text of Bush, Blair News Conference’, 7 June, URL (consulted): from http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,1280,-5059018,00.html (new site: http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/Page7600.asp)
7. Aversa, J. (2003) ‘International Consortium to Run Iraq Bank’, Associated Press 29 August.
8. Best, J. (2003) ‘The Politics of Transparency: Ambiguity and the Liberalization of International Finance’, pp. 126-44 in J. Busumtwi-Sam and L. Dobuzinskis (eds) Turbulence and New Directions in Global Political Economy. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave.
9. Best, J. (2005a) The Limits of Transparency: Ambiguity and the History of International Finance. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
10. Best, J. (2005b) ‘ The Moral Politics of IMF Reforms: Universal Economics, Particular Ethics ’, Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 4(3-4): 357-78.
11. Best, J. (2007) ‘ Legitimacy Dilemmas: The IMF's Pursuit of Country Ownership ’, Third World Quarterly, 28(3): 469-88.
12. Bretton Woods Update (2003) ‘ Report Condemns IMF Ability to Predict and Prevent Crises ’, Bretton Woods Update, 35: 2.
13. Burchell, G. (ed.) (1991) The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
14. Caldwell, A. (2004) ‘ Bio-sovereignty and the Emergence of Humanity’, Theory & Event, 7(2).
15. Camdessus, M. (1999a) ‘From the Crises of the 1990s to the New Millennium: Remarks to the International Graduate School of Management’, 27 November, URL (consulted September 2003): http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/1999/112799.htm
16. Camdessus, M. (1999b) ‘Governments and Economic Development in a Globalized World: Remarks at the 32nd International General Meeting of the Pacific Basin
17. Economic Council’, 17 May, URL (consulted September 2003): http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/1999/051799.htm
18. Camdessus, M. (2000) ‘Development and Poverty Reduction: A Multilateral Approach ’, Address given at the Tenth United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Bangkok, Thailand, 13 February, URL (consulted July 2005): http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2000/021300.htm
19. Dean, M. (1999) Governmentality: Power and Rule in Modern Society. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
20. Dean, M. (2004) ‘Nomos and the Politics of World Order’, pp. 40-58 in W. Larner and W. Walters (eds) Global Governmentality: Governing International Spaces. London: Routledge.
21. De Goede, M. (2003) ‘ Hawala Discourses and the War on Terrorist Finance’, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 21(5): 513-32.
22. Diken, B. (2004) ‘ From Refugee Camps to Gated Communities: Biopolitics and the End of the City’, Citizenship Studies, 8(1): 83-106.
23. Dillon, M. (1995) ‘ Sovereignty and Governmentality: From the Problematics of the “New World Order” to the Ethical Problematic of the World Order ’, Alternatives, 20: 323-68.
24. Eichengreen, B. (1999a) ‘ The Global Gamble on Financial Liberalization: Reflections on Capital Mobility, National Autonomy, and Social Justice ’, Ethics and International Affairs, 13: 205-26.
25. Eichengreen, B. (1999b) Toward a New International Financial Architecture: A Practical Post-Asia Agenda. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
26. Felsenthal, M. (2003) ‘JP Morgan Chase to Lead Iraq Trade Bank Operation ’, Reuters 29 August, URL (consulted March 2006): www.forbes.com
27. Foucault, M. (1978) The History of Sexuality, vol. 1: An Introduction, trans. R. Hurley. London: Penguin.
28. Foucault, M. (1980) ‘ Truth and Subjectivity ’, paper presented at the Howison Lecture, Berkeley, CA.
29. Foucault, M. (1981) ‘Omnes et singularum: Towards a Criticism of “Political Reason” ’, pp. 223-54 in S. McMurrin (ed.) The Tanner Lectures on Human Values II. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
30. Foucault, M. (1989) Résumés des cours. Paris: Collège de France.
31. Foucault, M. (1991) ‘Governmentality’, pp. 87-104 in G. Burchell, C. Gordon and P. Miller (eds) The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
32. Foucault, M. (1997) Il faut défendre la société: Cours au Collège de France (1975-1976). Paris: Gallimard.
33. Foucault, M. (2004) Securite, Territoire, Population: Cours au Collège de France, 1977-78. Paris: Gallimard.
34. Germain, R.D. (2004) ‘ Global Financial Governance and the Idea of the Public Sphere ’, paper presented at the conference WTO and Beyond: Global Governance and the State in the 21st Century, Vancouver, BC, 15-16 July.
35. Gill, S. (1995) ‘ Globalisation, Market Civilisation, and Disciplinary Neoliberalism ’, Millennium, 24(3): 399-423.
36. Gill, S. (2002) ‘ Constitutionalizing Inequality and the Clash of Globalizations’, International Studies Review, 4(2): 47-66.
37. Hindess, B. (1996) Discourses of Power: From Hobbes to Foucault. Oxford: Blackwell.
38. Hindess, B. (1997) ‘ Politics and Governmentality’, Economy and Society, 26(2): 257-72.
39. Hindess, B. (2004a) ‘International Anti-corruption as a Program of Normalisation ’, paper presented at the International Studies Association, Montreal, 17-20 March.
40. Hindess, B. (2004b) ‘Liberalism - What's in a Name?’, pp. 23-39 in W. Larner and W. Walters (eds) Global Governmentality: Governing International Spaces. London: Routledge.
41. Imf (1997) ‘ Camdessus Calls for Responsibility, Solidarity in Dealing with Challenges of Globalization ’, IMF Survey, 6 October: 292-4.
42. Imf (2001) Conditionality in Fund-supported Programs: Policy Issues. 16 February.
43. Imf (2002a) Globalization: A Framework for IMF Involvement, IMF Staff document. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.
44. Imf (2002b) ‘Promoting Better National Institutions: The Role of the IMF’, transcript of an IMF economic forum, 8 November, URL (consulted July 2005): http://www.imf.org/external/np/tr/2002/tr021108.htm
45. Imf (2003a) ‘Access Policy in Capital Account Crises - Modifications to the Supplemental Reserve Facility (SRF) and Follow-up Issues Related to Exceptional Access Policy’, URL (consulted July 2005): http://www.imf.org/external/np/tre/access/2003/011403.htm
46. Imf (2003b) ‘ IMF Executive Board Reviews International Standards: Strengthening Surveillance, Domestic Institutions, and International Markets ’, Public Information Notice (PIN) 03/43.
47. Imf (2004a) Evaluation of the IMF's Role in Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers and the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility. Washington, DC: Independent Evaluation Office of the International Monetary Fund.
48. Imf (2004b) Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSCs), URL (consulted December 2004): http://www.imf.org/external/np/rosc/rosc.asp
49. Imf (2005) Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs), February, URL (consulted July 2005): http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/prsp.htm
50. Khan, M.S. and S. Sharma (2003) ‘ IMF Conditionality and Country Ownership of Adjustment Programs ’, World Bank Res Obs, 18(2): 227-48.
51. King, N. (2003) ‘ Bush Officials Draft Broad Plan for Free-market Economy in Iraq’, Wall Street Journal 1 May.
52. Köhler, H. (2001) Standards and Codes: A Tool for Growth and Financial Stability, 7 March, URL (consulted December 2004): http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2001/030701.htm
53. Köhler, H. (2002) ‘ Strengthening the Framework for the Global Economy ’, speech given at the Award Ceremony of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation Social Market Economy Prize, URL (consulted February 2003): http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2002/111502.htm
54. Köhler, H. (2003) ‘ The Challenges of Globalization and the Role of the IMF ’, Address at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Economics and Management, 15 May, URL (consulted July 2003): http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2001/040201.htm
55. Larner, W. and W. Walters (eds) (2004) Global Governmentality: Governing International Spaces. London: Routledge.
56. Lemke, T. (2001) ‘ “The Birth of Bio-politics”: Michel Foucault's Lecture at the Collège de France on Neo-liberal Governmentality ’, Economy and Society, 30(2): 190-207.
57. Mill, J.S. (1963) ‘A Few Words on Non-intervention’, pp. 368-84 in G. Himmelfarb (ed.) Essays on Politics and Culture. New York: Doubleday.
58. Nietzsche, F. (1992) ‘On the Genealogy of Morals’, trans. W. Kaufman, pp. 437-600 in W. Kaufman (ed.) Basic Writings of Nietzsche. New York: Modern Library.
59. Nyers, P. (1999) ‘ Emergency or Emerging Identities? Refugees and Transformations in World Order ’, Millennium, 28(1): 1-26.
60. Pender, J. (2001) ‘ From “Structural Adjustment” to “Comprehensive Development Framework”: Conditionality Transformed ?’, Third World Quarterly, 22(3): 397-411.
61. Rato, R. (2004) ‘The IMF: The Way Forward’, remarks at the University of Oviedo, URL (consulted June 2005): http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2004/112404.htm
62. Rose, N. (1993) ‘ Government, Authority and Expertise in Advanced Liberalism’, Economy and Society, 22(3): 283-99.
63. Rose, N. (1996) ‘ The Death of the Social? Re-figuring the Territory of Government ’, Economy and Society, 25(3): 327-56.
64. Ruggie, J.G. (2004) ‘ Reconstituting the Global Public Domain: Issues, Actors, and Practices ’, European Journal of International Relations, 10(4): 499-531.
65. Schmitt, C. (1985) Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, trans. G. Schwab. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
66. Schneider, B. (ed.) (2003) The Road to International Financial Stability: Are Key Financial Standards the Answer? Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
67. Singh, A. (1999) ‘ “Asian Capitalism” and the Financial Crisis’, pp. 9-36 in J. Michie and J.G. Smith (eds) Global Instability: The Political Economy of World Economic Governance. London: Routledge.
68. Smith, A. (1993) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Indianapolis: Hackett.
69. Soederberg, S. (2002) ‘ On the Contradictions of the New International Financial Architecture: Another Procrustean Bed for Emerging markets ?’, Third World Quarterly, 23(4): 607-20.
70. Soederberg, S. (2003) ‘ The Promotion of “Anglo-American” Corporate Governance in the South: Who Benefits from the New International Standard ?’, Third World Quarterly, 24(1): 7-27.
71. Trade Bank of Iraq (2004) 2004 Annual Report, URL (consulted March 2006): www.tbiraq.com/Upload/TBI_2004_en.pdf
72. The Onion (2004) ‘ US to Give Every Iraqi $3,544.91, Let Free-market Capitalism Do the Rest ’, The Onion 14 January.
73. Un (2005) World Economic Situation and Prospects 2005. New York: United Nations.
74. Unctad (2002) Economic Development in Africa: From Adjustment to Poverty Reduction. What is New? New York: United Nations Convention on Trade and Development.
75. Undp (2003) Human Development Report 2003. New York: United Nations Development Programme.
76. Walker, R.B.J. (2005) ‘The Boundaries of Biopolitics: Bodies, Borders, and the New Terrain of Global Politics’, presentation at Roundtable, International Studies Association Conference, Hawaii, 3 March.
77. Williamson, J. (1990) ‘What Washington Means by Policy Reform’, in J. Williamson (ed.) Latin American Adjustment: How Much Has Happened? Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
78. World Bank (2000) World Development Report 2000/01: Attacking Poverty. New York: Oxford University Press.
79. World Bank (2003) Comprehensive Development Framework, URL (consulted August): http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/STRATEGIES/CDF/0,,pagePK:60447~theSitePK:140576,00.html
80. World Bank (2004a) The Poverty Reduction Strategy Initiative: An Independent Evaluation of the World Bank's Support through 2003. Washington, DC: Independent Evaluation Office of the World Bank.
81. World Bank (2004b) Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes, URL (consulted July 2004): http://www.worldbank.org/ifa/rosc_more.html