Fluid flow due to the advance of basin-scale silica reaction zones

Bulletin of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 120, Issue 1-2, 2008, Pages 195-206

  Davies, Richard J ^a   Goulty, Neil R ^a   Meadows, David ^a  

^a DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Diagenesis; Fluid flow; Opal A; Opal CT; Reaction zone

Indexed keywords

BIOGENIC SILICA; CRISTOBALITE; DIAGENESIS; REACTION ZONE; TRIDYMITE;

DEHYDRATION; FLOW OF WATER; GEOPHYSICS; POROSITY;

SILICA;

BIOGENIC MATERIAL; DATA SET; DEHYDRATION; DIAGENESIS; FLUID FLOW; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; OPAL; POROSITY; REACTION RATE; SEDIMENT PROPERTY; SEDIMENTARY ROCK; SEISMIC DATA; SILICA;

EID: 38549120131     PISSN: 00167606     EISSN: 00167606     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/B26099.1     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Andrews-Speed, C.P., Oxburgh, E.R., and Cooper, B.A., 1984, Temperatures and depth-dependent heat flow in western North Sea: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 68, p. 1764-1781.
2. Baldwin, B., and Butler, C.O., 1985, Compaction curves: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 69, p. 622-626.
3. Behl, R.J., and Garrison, R.E., 1994, The origin of chert in the Monterey Formation of California (USA), in Iijima, A., ed., Siliceous, phosphatic and glauconitic sediments of the Tertiary and Mesozoic: Proceedings of the 29th International Geological Congress, Part C, p. 101-132.
4. Bitzer, K., Trave, A., and Carmona, J.M., 2001, Fluid flow processes at basin scale: Acta Geologica Hispanica, v. 36, p. 1-20.
5. Bohrmann, G., Abelmann, A.M.S., Gersonde, R., Hubberten, H., and Kuhn, G., 1994, Pure siliceous ooze, a diagenetic environment for early chert formation: Geology, v. 22, p. 207-210, doi: 10.1130/ 0091-7613(1994)022<0207:PSOADE>2.3.CO;2.
6. Bramlette, M.N., 1946, The Monterey Formation of California and the origin of its siliceous rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 212, 57 p.
7. Bryant, W.R., 2003, Permeability of clays, silty-clays and clayey-silts, in Scott, E.D., et al., eds., Siltstones, mudstones and shales: Depositional processes and characteristics: Tulsa, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), p. 76-84.
8. Carmichael, R.S., 1984, Handbook of physical properties of rocks, Vol. III: Boca Raton, CRC Press, 340 p.
9. Chaika, C., and Williams, L.A., 2001, Density and mineralogy variations as a function of porosity in Miocene Monterey Formation oil and gas reserves in California: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 85, p. 149-167.
10. Cole, D., Stewart, S.A., and Cartwright, J.A., 2000, Giant irregular pockmark craters in the Palaeogene of the Outer Moray Firth Basin, UK Nolth Sea: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 17, p. 563-577, doi: 10.1016/ S0264-8172(00)00013-1.
11. Compton, J.S., 1991, Porosity reduction and burial history of siliceous rocks from the Monterey and Sisquoc Formation, Point Pedernales area, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, p. 625-636, doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0625: PRABHO>2.3.CO;2.
12. Cooper, A.K., Scholl, D.W., and Marlow, M.S., 1987, Structural framework, sedimentary sequences, and hydrocarbon potential of the Aleutian and Bowers Basins, Bering Sea, in Scholl, D.W., Grantz, A., and Vedder, J.G., eds., Geology and resource potential of the continental margin of western North America and adjacent ocean basins, Beaufort Sea to Baja California: Houston, Texas, Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Earth Science Series, v. 6, p. 473-502.
13. Davies, R.J., 2003, Kilometer-scale fluidization structures formed during early burial of a deepwater slope channel on the Niger Delta: Geology, v. 31, p. 949-952, doi: 10.1130/G19835.1.
14. Davies, R.J., 2005, Differential compaction in sedimentary basins due to silica diagenesis: A case study: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, p. 1146-1155, doi: 10.1130/B25769.1.
15. Davies, R.J., and Cartwright, J., 2002, A fossilized opal-A to opal C/T transformation on the Northeast Atlantic Margin: Support for a significantly elevated palaeogeothermal gradient during the Neogene?: Basin Research, v. 14, p. 467-486, doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2117.2002.00184.x.
16. Davies, R.J., and Cartwright, J.A., 2007, Kilometer-scale chemical reaction boundary patterns and deformation in sedimentary rocks: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 262, p. 125-137.
17. Davies, R.J., and Clark, I.R., 2006, Continental slope failure primed and triggered by silica and its diagenesis: Basin Research, v. 18, p. 339-350.
18. Davies, R.J., and Stewart S.A., 2005, Emplacement of giant mud volcanoes in the South Caspian Basin: Three-dimensional seismic reflection imaging of root Zones: London, Journal of the Geological Society, v. 162, p. 1-4.
19. Davies, R.J., Cartwright, J.A., and Rana, J., 1999, Giant hummocks in deep-water marine sediments: Evidence for large-scale differential compaction and density inversion during early burial: Geology, v. 27, p. 907-910, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0907: GHIDWM>2.3.co;2.
20. Davies, R.J., Huuse, M., Hirst, P., Cartwright, J.A., and Yang, Y., 2006, Giant elastic intrusions primed by silica diagenesis: Geology, v. 34, p. 917-920, doi: 10.1130/G22937A.1.
21. Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J., 1992, An introduction to the rock forming minerals: Harlow, Longman, 696 p.
22. Eichhubl, P., and Behl, R.J., 1998, Diagenesis, deformation, and fluid flow in the Miocene Monterey Formation, in Eichhubl, P., ed., Diagenesis, deformation, and fluid flow in the Miocene Monterey Formation of Coastal California: Los Angeles, Pacific Section, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 83, p. 5-13.
23. Eichhubl, P., and Boles, J.R., 1998, Vein formation in relation to burial diagenesis in the Miocene Monterey Formation, Arroyo Burro Beach, Santa Barbara, California, in Eichhubl, P., ed., Diagenesis, deformation, and fluid flow in the Miocene Monterey Formation of coastal California: Los Angeles, Pacific Section, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 83, p. 15-36.
24. Eichhubl, P., and Boles, J.R., 2000, Focused fluid flow along faults in the Monterey Formation, coastal California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 112, p. 1667-1679, doi: 10.1130/ 0016-7606(2000)112<1667:FFFAFI>2.0.CO;2.
25. Engelder, T., 1993, Stress regimes in the lithosphere: Princeton, Princeton University Press, 457 p,
26. Giles, M.R., 1997, Diagenesis: A quantitative perspective: Implications for basin modelling and rock property prediction: Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 544 p.
27. Hein, J.R., Scholl, D.W., Barron, J.A., Jones, M.G., and Miller, J., 1978, Diagenesis of late Cenozoic diatomaceous deposits and formation of the bottom-simulating reflector in the southern Bering Sea: Sedimentology, v. 25, p. 155-181, doi: 10.1111/ j.1365-3091.1978.tb00307.x.
28. Hinman, N.W., 1990, Chemical factors influencing the rates and sequences of silica phase transitions: Effects of organic constituents: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 54, p. 1563-1574, doi: 10.1016/ 0016-7037(90)90391-W.
29. Hovland, M., and Judd, A.G., 1988, Seabed pockmarks and seepages: Impact on geology: Biology and the Marine Environment: London, Graham & Trotman, 293 p.
30. Hunt, J.M., Whelan, J.K., Buxton Eglinton, L., and Cathles, L.M., III, 1998, Relation of shale porosities, gas generation, and compaction to deep overpressures in the US Gulf Coast, in Law, B.E., Ulmishek, G.F., and Stavin, V.I., eds., Abnormal pressures in hydrocarbon environments: Tulsa, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 70, p. 87-104.
31. Isaacs, C.M., 1981, Porosity reduction during diagenesis of the Monterey Formation, Santa Barbara coastal area, California, in Garrison, RE., and Douglas, R.G., eds., The Monterey Formation and related siliceous rocks of California: Los Angeles, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Pacific Section, p. 257-271.
32. Isaacs, C.M., 1982, Influence of rock composition on kinetics of silica phase changes in the Monterey Formation, Santa Barbara area, California: Geology, v. 10, p.304-308, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1982)10<304: IORCOK>2.0.CO;2.
33. Jones, B., and Renaut, R.W., 2004, Water content of Opal-A: Implications for the origin of laminae in geyserite and sinter: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 74, p. 117-128.
34. Jones, J.B., and Segnit, E.R., 1971, The nature of opal. I. Nomenclature and constituent phases: Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, v. 18, p. 56-68.
35. Kastner, M., Keene, J.B., and Gieskes, J.M., 1977, Diagenesis of siliceous oozes - I. Chemical controls on the rate of opal-A to opal-CT transformation - An experimental study: Geochimica et Cosmochinnica Acta, v. 41, p. 1041-1059, doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(77)90099-0.
36. Keene, J.B., 1975, Cberts and porcellanites from the North Pacific, DSDP Leg 32, in Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Report 32: Washingt, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, p. 425-507.
37. Keller, M.A., and Isaacs, C.M., 1985, An evaluation of temperature scales for silica diagenesis in diatomaceous sequences including a new approach based on the Miocene Monterey Formation, California: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 5, p. 31-35, doi: 10.1007/BF02629794.
38. Loseth, H., Wensaas, L., Arntsen, B., Hanken, N., Basire, C., and Graue, K., 2001, 1000 m long gas blow-out pipes: Amsterdam, 63rd European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, p. 524.
39. Meadows, D., and Davies, R.J., 2007, Morphological development of basin-scale silica diagenetic fronts revealed with two-dimensional seismic reflection data: Offshore Sakhalin, Russian Far East: Journal of the Geological Society [London], v. 164, p. 1193-1206.
40. Moss, B., Barson, D., Rakhit, K., Dennis, H., and Swarbrick, R., 2003, Formation pore pressures and formation waters, in Evans, D., et al., eds., The millennium atlas: Petroleum geology of the central and northern North Sea: London, Geological Society, p. 317-329.
41. Nemeth, K., Martin, U., and Harangi, S., 2001, Miocene phreatomagmatic voicanism at Tihany (Pannonian Basin, Hungary): Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 111, p. 111-135, doi: 10.1016/S0377- 0273(01)00223-2.
42. Nichols, R.J., Sparks, R.S.J., and Wilson, C.J.N., 1994, Experimental studies of the fluidization of layered sediments and the formation of fluid escape structures: Sedimentology, v. 41, p. 233-253, doi: 10.1111/ j.1365-3091.1994.tb01403.x.
43. Nobes, D.C., Langseth, M.G., Kuramoto, S., Honer, P., and Hirata, N., 1992, Comparison and correlation of physical-property results from Japan Sea Basin and rise sites, legs 127 and 128, 1987: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, v. 127, 128, p. 1275-1296.
44. Osborne, Mark J., and Swarbrick R.E., 1997, Mechanisms for generating overpressure in sedimentary basins: A reevalnation: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 81, p. 1023-1041, doi: 10.1306/ 1D9BBA5D-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D.
45. Scotchman, I.C., Carr, A.D., and Parnell, J., 2006, Hydrocarbon generation modelling in a multiple rifted and volcanic basin: A case study in the Foinaven Sub-basin, Faeroe-Shetland Basin, UK Atlantic Margin: Scottish Journal of Geology, v. 42, p. 1-19.
46. Shipboard Scientific Party, 1994, Site 903, in Mountain, G.S., Miller, K.G., Blum, P., et al., eds., Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, initial reports, 150: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, p. 129-205.
47. Smallwood, J.R., 2004, Tertiary inversion in the Faroe-Shetland Channel and the development of major erosional scarps, in Davies, R.J., et al., eds., 3D Seismic Technology: Application to the exploration of sedimentary basins: London, Geological Society, Memoir 29, p. 187-198,
48. Stewart, S.A., and Davies, R.J., 2006, Structure and emplacement of mud volcano systems in the South Caspian Basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 90, p. 771-786, doi: 10.1306/ 11220505045.
49. Tada, R., 1991, Compaction and cementation in siliceous rocks and their possible effect on bedding enhancement, in Einsele, G., et al., eds., Cycles and events in stratigraphy: Berlin, Spinger-Verlag, p. 480-491.
50. Volpi, V., Camerlenghi, A., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Rebesco, M., and Ivaldi, R., 2003, Effects of biogenic silica on sediment compaction and slope stability on the Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula: Basin Research, v. 15, p. 339-363, doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2117.2003.00210.x.
51. Williams, L.A., and Crerar, D.A., 1985, Silica diagenesis: II. General mechanisms: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 55, p. 312-321.
52. Wise, S.W., Jr., Buie, B.F., and Weaver, F.M., 1972, Chemically precipitated sedimentary cristobalite and the origin of chert: Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, v. 65, p. 157-163.